The adequacy of telemedicine act relating to liability of telemedicine practitioners in Malaysia: a comparative study with telemedicine law of California, Usa / Nurul Fatihah Norull Bahri Saiful Abadi…[et al.].

Telemedicine is newly practiced in Malaysia. This research focuses on the adequacy of Telemedicine law in Malaysia in governing liability of telemedicine practitioners. For this purpose, the relevant provisions in the Malaysian Telemedicine Act 1997 are reviewed. There are loopholes in the existing law that can be improved in order for the Government to achieve efficacy in practicing telemedicine. The new hack of proper procedures and approaches greatly affect the legal implications on the liability of telemedicine practitioners. To improve the law in Malaysia, a comparative analysis of the study is made with the Telemedicine Law in the California, USA. The research proposed the amendment of the Malaysian Telemedicine Act 1997

Cabaran Perkhidmatan Penghantaran Makanan Semasa Pandemik COVID-19

Pendapatan menurun kesan serangan korona virus (COVID-19) di seluruh negara sehingga isu pengangguran meningkat dalam kadar yang tinggi akibat keadaan ekonomi yang tergugat saban hari. Walaupun keadaan ekonomi tidak stabil, masyarakat yang sejajar dengan perkembangan globalisasi ini bijak mengambil peluang untuk mewujudkan langkah baru dalam kehidupan. Antara isu yang diberi perhatian dalam kajian ini adalah cara masyarakat mengambil peluang untuk bangkit semula dalam meningkatkan pendapatan semasa berlakunya pandemik korona virus yang telah banyak memberi kesan dalam taraf hidup. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji cabaran yang dihadapi oleh pekerja penghantar makanan sepanjang perintah kawalan berjalan di seluruh negara ini. Kajian ini dijalankan melalui pengedaran borang soal selidik secara atas talian kepada masyarakat setempat bagi mendapatkan data yang lebih lengkap. Hasil dapatan kajian yang ditunjukkan melalui graf membuktikan waktu pandemik Covid-19 ini mempengaruhi pekerjaan sebagai penghantar makanan dengan wujudnya pelbagai cabaran semasa penghantaran dijalankan

A discourse on structure of acknowledgments in doctoral dissertation in a multiracial setting

The existence of acknowledgment in academic paper has become an academic practice. This paper explores the generic structure of doctoral dissertation acknowledgments of three major races in Malaysia through discourse analysis. It also aims to find differences of the moves and steps used by the three races. Fifty samples from each race were selected based on their availability from local and foreign universities. The fundamental moves and steps were scrutinised and documented in the categories of the collected acknowledgements. The findings of the study disclosed that the structural arrangement of doctoral dissertation acknowledgements has the same structure with the arrangement of Arab dissertation acknowledgements. However, there is no vast difference of acknowledgement writing between the three races. From the findings, this study comes out with a modified model of generic structure of doctoral dissertation acknowledgements. The findings of this paper might be of interest to genre analysts as well as to second language theorists and practitioners even though it was done on small corpora. Based on the outcome of this paper, it is suggested that future study is carried out to determine the effects of academic disciplines differences in writing acknowledgements of doctoral dissertation

Isolation of Candida species in children and their biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite surfaces

Candida species including Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata are opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit oral cavity. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of dental caries on Candida spp. biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite with the hypothesis that dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. To assess Candida spp. colonisation in the oral cavity of the paediatric patient, samples were obtained from 30 subjects aged five to six years old from Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. The samples were collected from buccal mucosa, palate and tooth surfaces using sterile swabs. 10 mL of patient’s saliva suspension was also collected. Following that, the samples were inoculated on CHROMagar and incubated for 24 h at 37 ºC. Candida biofilm of caries isolate C. albicans (HNFC2), and C. albicans ATCC 32354 were developed on three different types of nano-composites. The study showed that no C. albicans was isolated from the caries-free oral cavity while 76% of children with caries possessed Candida spp. 65% of the yeasts were isolated from the tooth surface. Only 35% of the total isolates were obtained from soft tissues, including palatal and buccal mucosa. C. albicans is the most isolated Candida spp. with 82% and 67% of the yeast were obtained from the tooth surface and buccal mucosa, respectively. Besides, HNFC2 significantly colonised the nano-composites more than the ATCC (P < 0.05). In the comparison of the three types of nano-composites, nano-hybrid-based containing pre-polymerised filler (cB) exhibited the least C. albicans HNFC2 cells colonisation with 7.7 x 10³ cells mL-1. In contrast, the nano-composite that contained bulk-filled nanohybrid (cC) was the most colonised with 14.3 x 10³ cells mL-1. In conclusion, dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. in children's oral cavity, and that caries isolate form more biofilm on nano-composites compared to the lab strain C. albicans

Development of interactive application for herbarium of natural resources museum, UMK Jeli Campus

Herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens maintained for purposed study. The Natural Resources Museum at Faculty of Earth Science (FSB), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) is one of the faculty's facilities initiatives in collection, documenting as well as to exhibit the Malaysia's natural resources such as plants and insects. Since the existence of the FSB at UMK Jeli Campus in 2010, over 400 specimens of herbariums have been collected. This project developed the first of interactive application using web development for herbarium of Natural Resources Museum, UMK Jeli Campus with its Geographic Information System (GIS) application. Each sample of herbarium tagged with their geographic data. The geographic data is essential for making a distribution map of herbarium and to detect where they are located. This interactive application customizes the user experience on the website by putting the visitor in control. The website for herbarium has been successfully developed as designed by putting the pictures of herbarium species that were selected from the Natural Resources Museum, and the database of herbarium are successfully updated by inserting the images and general information of herbarium into the database. There are 13 families of herbarium have been updated which consists of 99 species. Thus, the database of herbarium and development of the website for herbarium are successfully updated and developed, and this project able to promote the collections of the herbariums of Natural Resources Museum to people as the main platform for education in the natural resources, biodiversity, and conservation issues

Development of ovarian maturations in orange mud crab, Scylla olivacea (Herbst, 1796) through induction of eyestalk ablation and methyl farnesoate

Many crustacean species including mud crab, genus Scylla are incapable of natural maturation under captivity, thus putting high pressure on the wild catch. Therefore, to increase the availability of mature broodstocks in captivity, this study determined the effect of Eyestalk Ablation (EA) and Methyl Farnesoate (MF) administration on ovarian maturation stages of the orange mud crab, Scylla olivacea. The study was conducted using a control group (T1) consisting of 95% alcohol (widely used as a chemical solvent), and three treatment groups consisting of: 5 µl/g oral administrated MF in the diet (T2), EA (T3) and a combination of both treatments of MF and EA (T4). The highest percentage of ovarian maturation Stage 4 was found in the T4 treatment (20.8%) compared to the other treatments which were T1 (0%), T2 (8.33%) and T3 (12.5%). Ovarian development of the treated groups (T2, T3, and T4) was significantly different compared to the control group (T1) (p  0.05), but it was significantly different when compared to the combination group of MF and EA (T4) (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the combination method of oral administration of MF through diet and EA (T4) is the best technique for producing mature ovaries

The pathogenicity of actinomyces naeslundii is associated with polymicrobial interactions: a systematic review

The aim of this systematic review was to demonstrate how the oral pathogenicity of Actinomyces naeslundii is associated with its interactions with other microbes in the oral microbiome. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis (PRISMA‑P) 2015 protocol was used for this review. Articles published between January 2010 and February 2020 were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. Articles included in the final analysis mainly discuss the symbiotic relationship of A. naeslundii with other oral microbes. The findings show that A. naeslundii is not directly involved in oral pathogenesis; instead, initial tooth surface colonization is promoted by polymicrobial interactions in the oral microbiome in which A. naeslundii participates

Microbiome dysbiosis in depression: a systematic review

The objective of the study is to determine the role of microbiome dysbiosis in depression, with the hypothesis that dysbiosis involves in depression. PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus databases were used to identify the relevant studies which fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The searches were limited from January 2015 to July 2020. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools was used for quality assessment of the studies. This review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA-P) 2015 proto- col guidelines. Initially, 1297 studies were identified. Of these, only three studies were included in the final synthesis. The studies were categorised as “high” quality. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, particularly by Faecalibacterium, Dialister, Acetivibrio, Collinsella, and Odofibacter, has been involved in depression. Treatment using probiotics such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum and Enterococcus faecalis was suggested to promote a balanced gut microbiome. Microbiome dysbiosis may involve in depression, thus supporting the hypothesis of the present study. However, no consensus was obtained to conclude which bacterial taxa are mostly relevant to depression

Probiotic inhibits oral carcinogenesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects if probiotics can inhibit oral carcinogenesis. Design: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PLOS databases were searched up to February 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool was used for quality assessment of articles. This review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA-P) 2015 protocol guidelines. Result: The initial search retrieved 774 articles. Of these, only five articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Two out of the five papers were further analysed for quantitative synthesis in meta-analysis. The majority of the included studies were found to be of “moderate quality”. The qualitative synthesis found four probiotics that exhibited potential therapeutic effects in oral carcinogenesis, includingAcetobacter syzygii, AJ2, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus salivarius REN. Among them, the application of L. salivarius REN re- sulted in a 95 % lower risk for developing oral cancer (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is known that probiotics have the potential to inhibit oral carcinogenesis, thus supporting the hypothesis of the study. The ability of L. salivarius REN to inhibit the development of oral cancer suggested that this bacterium can be a potential inhibitory agent against oral carcinogenesis