Pembentukan Sistem Geodemografi Di Pulau Pinang

Pangkalan data banci penduduk dan perumahan negara merekodkan maklumat semua orang yang tinggal disesebuah kawasan. Jumlah data yang besar dan dikutip secara berterusan menyebabkan maklumat-maklumat yang terdapat dalam pangkalan data ini sukar untuk dimanfaatkan sepenuhnya. Maklumat-maklumat ini digunakan oleh pihak kerajaan dalam merangka dasar, pembahagian sumber dan merupakan petunjuk penting kepada kemajuan sosioekonomi sesebuah negara. Oleh itu, kajian pembentukan sistem geodemografi yang mempunyai keupayaan untuk meringkaskan data-data ini dalam bentuk yang lebih mudah difahami telah dilaksanakan. Objektif-objektif kajian yang lain termasuklah untuk menguji kesesuaian penggunaan data banci, menilai kaedah pemilihan dan penyeragaman data dan membentuk serta menguji sistem geodemografi yang dibangunkan. Peringkat-peringkat metodologi kajian iaitu peringkat penyediaan data, penentuan jumlah kluster, pembentukan profil dan melabelkan kluster yang digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini adalah berasaskan kepada proses pembentukan sistem OAC (Output Area Classifications) yang dibuat oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Kebangsaan (Office for National Statistics) United Kingdom. Penggunaan kaedah perlombongan data dan analisis statistik yang lain seperti analisis pekali korelasi, analisis komponen utama (PCA), analisis sisihan piawai dan analisis kluster menggunakan algoritma kmeans telah berjaya membentuk sistem geodemografi di Pulau Pinang yang mengandungi sejumlah 6 kluster utama dan 19 sub kluster bagi mewakili kumpulan penduduk berbeza. Kluster pada hierarki pertama dilabelkan dengan nama seperti Pekerja kolar biru (K1), Peniaga kecil sederhana dan penghuni kota (K2), Professional pinggir bandar (K3), Golongan berada dan berkerjaya (K4), Kelas pertengahan dan pekerja industri (K5) serta kluster Luar bandar dan perkampungan tradisi (K6). Manakala kluster pada hierarki kedua antaranya dilabelkan dengan nama-nama seperti Peniaga berkeluarga, Keluarga muda dan penghuni kota, Pekerja perkhidmatan dan separa professional, Professional muda pinggir kota, Generasi Y berteknologi serta kluster Berpendidikan tinggi dan sederhana yang memberi gambaran umum ciri-ciri penduduk di kawasan tersebut

Improving the tool for analyzing Malaysia’s demographic change: data standardization analysis to form geo-demographics classification profiles using k-means algorithms

Clustering is one of the important methods in data exploratory in this era because it is widely applied in data mining.Clustering of data is necessary to produce geo-demographic classification where k-means algorithm is used as cluster algorithm. K-means is one of the methods commonly used in cluster algorithm because it is more significant. However, before any data are executed on cluster analysis it is necessary to conduct some analysis to ensure the variable used in the cluster analysis is appropriate and does not have a recurring information. One analysis that needs to be done is the standardization data analysis. This study observed which standardization method was more effective in the analysis process of Malaysia’s population and housing census data for the Perak state. The rationale was that standardized data would simplify the execution of k-means algorithm. The standardized methods chosen to test the data accuracy were the z-score and range standardization method. From the analysis conducted it was found that the range standardization method was more suitable to be used for the data examined

Analysing the local geography of the relationship between residential property prices and its determinants

This paper analyses the local geography of the relationship between residential property prices and its determinants. A semiparametric geographically weighted regression (S-GWR) technique is employed to explore this relationship. Selling prices, structural and locational attributes data were collected from the database of the Department of Valuation and Services of Malaysia, selected maps and reports. The outcome of this paper shows a strong geographically varying relationship between residential property prices and its determinants in which the residential property price determinants have a positive impact on prices in some areas but negative or no impact on the others. The magnitude of the effect is also found to be geographically varied; the capitalisation in residential property prices is found greater in some areas but less or with no effect in some other parts of the areas. The use of S-GWR technique makes it possible to reveal such geographically varying relationships, thus leading to a better understanding of the relationship between residential property prices and its determinants

The normalized random map of gradient for generating multifocus image fusion

The multifocus image fusion is a kind of method in image processing to collecting the sharp information from multifocus image sequence. This method is purposed to simplify the reader understand the complex information of image sequence in an image only. There are many methods to generate fused image from several images so far. Many researchers have developed many new and sophisticated methods. They show complicated computation and algorithm. So, that it is difficult to understand by the new students or viewer. Furthermore, they get difficulties to create the new one. In order to handle this problem, the proposed method a concise algorithm which is able to generate an accurate fused image without using a complicated mathematical equation and tough algorithm. The proposed method is the normalized random map of gradient for generating multifocus image fusion. By generate random map of gradient, the algorithm is able to specify the coarse focus region accurately. The random map of gradient is a kind of information formed independently from independent matrix. This data has a significant role in predict the initial focus regions. The proposed algorithm successes to supersede difficulties of mathematical equations and algorithms. It successes to eliminate the mathematical and algorithm problems. Furthermore, the evaluation of proposed method based on the fused image quality. The Mutual Information and Structure Similarity Indexes become our key parameter assessment. The results show that the outputs have high indexes. It means it is acceptable. Then the implementation of multifocus image fusion will increase the quality of the applied fields such as remote sensing, robotics, medical diagnostics and so on. It is also possible implemented in other new fields

Pendidikan akhlak kepada Allah S.W.T nadi penggerak pembangunan peradaban insan

Pendidikan akhlak kepada Allah S.W.T. (PAKA) merupakan nadi penggerak kepada aspek Pendidikan Pembangunan Insan yang terpenting dalam Pendidikan Islam. Kesempurnaan pendidikan akhlak ini menjadi pemangkin untuk membentuk manusia menjadi insan yang sempurna dalam segala aspek terutamanya dalam aspek kerohanian. Al-Imam Al-Nawawi melalui karyanya, Kitab Riyad al-Solihin, membicarakan secara terperinci aspek AKA ini. Beliau telah menyenaraikan sebanyak 22 PAKA yang terdiri kepada tiga pembangunan iaitu AKA melalui pembangunan hati, pembangunan pemikiran dan pembangunan tindakan. Kesemua AKA ini berkait rapat antara satu sama lain yang mampu memperkuat dan memperkukuhkan aspek kerohanian dan peribadi insan soleh

Effect of Fly Ash Fraction and Mixing Process Variables On Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites

The development of material technology continues to be carried out to meet the needs of engineering materials which are increasing day by day and are environmentally friendly or green. In this study, the process of making epoxy resin composites with fly ash was carried out from the combustion process of a power plant. This study aims to determine the strength of the mechanical properties between the epoxy resin and fly ash weight fraction by stirring treatment in the mixing process using tensile, flexural, and impact tests, microscopic examination, FTIR, and X-RD analysis. The treatments were mixing epoxy resin and fly ash with a weight fraction of 10%, 20%, and 30%, stirring speeds of 100 rpm, 150 rpm, and 200 rpm, for 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes. The results showed that the F2S3T3 composite had a greater tensile strength of 31,94 MPa, while the other composites had a tensile strength above 22-30 MPa, and the lowest was 13,07 MPa in the F1S2T3 composite. The maximum modulus of elasticity is found in the F3S3T1 composite with a value of 11,12 MPa, and the lowest is found in the F1S2T3 composite at 2,06 MPa. The F3S2T2 composite has a maximum flexural strength of 33,32 MPa, and the lowest composite F2S2T1 is 17,40 MPa with a flexural modulus of 270,41 MPa. The maximum flexural modulus in the F1S1T1 composite with a value of 382,76 MPa with a flexural strength value of 28,82 MPa. The F2S1T2 composite has an impact energy of 6,94 Joules with an impact strength of 203,47 MPa, and there are 2 composites that have the same impact energy value of 5,20 Joules, namely F3S2T2, and F3S1T3. From SEM observations, the fracture surface of the composite has a concave and prominent surface, but a lot of dust is trapped so it affects the bond in the matrix and reinforcement

Functional outcome of neurotization to the musculocutaneous nerve in traumatic brachial plexus injury

Introduction: Neurotization procedures to the elbow flexors are commonly done in traumatic brachial plexus injury (BPI). The objective of this study was to evaluate the recovery of elbow flexors in patients who underwent neurotization procedure to musculocutaneous nerve in the panplexus and upper trunk BPI. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 70 patients who underwent neurotization to elbow flexor. A total of 31 patients (44%) had panplexus injury and 39 (56%) had upper trunk BPI. Elbow flexor motor power and post-operative Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the patients was 22.7 years. Patients with panplexus BPI underwent neurotization to the elbow flexor using spinal accessory nerve as a donor and patients with upper trunk BPI used either ulnar or median nerve as a donor. The results of elbow flexors recovery in panplexus BPI were good (MRC grade 4 and 5) in 11 patients (35.5%) and poor in 20 patients (64.5%). Conversely, the recovery of elbow flexors in upper trunk BPI were better with 28 patients (71.8%). Good post-operative DASH score (score <50 points) were noted in 29 patients (74.4%) with upper trunk BPI. Only seven patients (22.6%) with panplexus BPI showed good post-operative DASH score. Majority of patients with panplexus BPI demonstrated poor recovery of elbow flexor and post-operative DASH score as compare to upper trunk BPI (p= 0.002). Conclusion: Overall, this study showed significantly better functional outcome of neurotization procedure to elbow flexor in upper trunk BPI than in panplexus BPI

Effect of Fly Ash Fraction and Mixing Process Variables On Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites

The development of material technology continues to be carried out to meet the needs of engineering materials which are increasing day by day and are environmentally friendly or green. In this study, the process of making epoxy resin composites with fly ash was carried out from the combustion process of a power plant. This study aims to determine the strength of the mechanical properties between the epoxy resin and fly ash weight fraction by stirring treatment in the mixing process using tensile, flexural, and impact tests, microscopic examination, FTIR, and X-RD analysis. The treatments were mixing epoxy resin and fly ash with a weight fraction of 10%, 20%, and 30%, stirring speeds of 100 rpm, 150 rpm, and 200 rpm, for 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes. The results showed that the F2S3T3 composite had a greater tensile strength of 31,94 MPa, while the other composites had a tensile strength above 22-30 MPa, and the lowest was 13,07 MPa in the F1S2T3 composite. The maximum modulus of elasticity is found in the F3S3T1 composite with a value of 11,12 MPa, and the lowest is found in the F1S2T3 composite at 2,06 MPa. The F3S2T2 composite has a maximum flexural strength of 33,32 MPa, and the lowest composite F2S2T1 is 17,40 MPa with a flexural modulus of 270,41 MPa. The maximum flexural modulus in the F1S1T1 composite with a value of 382,76 MPa with a flexural strength value of 28,82 MPa. The F2S1T2 composite has an impact energy of 6,94 Joules with an impact strength of 203,47 MPa, and there are 2 composites that have the same impact energy value of 5,20 Joules, namely F3S2T2, and F3S1T3. From SEM observations, the fracture surface of the composite has a concave and prominent surface, but a lot of dust is trapped so it affects the bond in the matrix and reinforcement

The relationship between students’ reading motivation and reading comprehension

Reading motivation has been viewed as a multifaceted construct with multiple constituents. Our investigation of motivational multiplicity expanded on previous literature by including motivation constructs (interest, perceived control, collaboration, involvement, and efficacy), text genres, specific versus general contexts, and the self-versus other evidence sources about motivation. We expected that this multiplicity would influence the identification of reading comprehension growth predictors. Reading motivation is one of the most important factors, receives the special focus in foreign language teaching. This paper is going to investigate the relationship between reading motivation and reading comprehension. This lack of good reading motivation skill is exacerbated by the central role of reading motivation in higher education success and also students usually have problem in reading comprehension in this trend sice their motivation. Motivation is vital in reading activities, the findings indicated that reading motivation had a significantly positive effect on the English reading comprehension. Keywords: Reading motivation, Types of motivation, Reading comprehension, Types of reading.

Pengaruh pemikiran al-Nawawi dalam metodologi pendidikan dan pendakwahan terhadap guru-guru Takmir di Negeri Johor

Al-Imam al-Nawawi merupakan seorang tokoh pendidik dan pendakwah yang terkenal dalam dunia Islam. Banyak karya beliau masih digunakan secara aggresif hingga sekarang dalam proses pendakwahan dan pendidikan masyarakat Islam khususnya di negeri Johor. Kesan daripada itu, banyak pemikiran tokoh tersebut mempengaruhi guruguru takmir di negeri Johor terutamanya dari aspek metodologi dakwah dan pendidikan masyarakat. Ini terbukti dalam kajian lapan pemikiran al-Nawawi pada 2003. Semua pemikiran beliau diterima dan dipersetujui oleh guru-guru takmir bahkan diterima sebagai satu pendekatan dan metodologi umum pendakwahan dan pendidikan mereka