Quantum-chemical study of the structure and reactivity of pyrazol-5-ones and their thio and seleno analogs: X. 1-methylpyrazol-5-one and its thio and seleno analogs in H-complex formation reactions in the gas phase and in solutions

The effects of specific solvation and self-association of chalcogenpyrazol-5-ones are assessed using nonempirical quantum-chemical, density functional theory (DFT), and MP2 second-order perturbation theory methods. The formation of H-complexes with water, methanol, and DMSO stabilizes all tautomeric forms, the NH tautomers of all hetero analogs being the most affected. The NH tautomers form with water 1:2 complexes which reveal cooperativity. The complexes of chalcogenpyrazolones with DMSO are more stable than the respective complexes with water, and, therewith, the extra stabilization in continuum is less pronounced than in the case of hydration. Quantitatively, the effects of tautomer self-association compare with the effects of interaction of chalcogenpyrazolones with proton-donor solvents. © 2007 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Consumer market for goods and services as a mirror of social and economic transformation: From a centralized economy to the accession of Russia the world trade organization

After having eliminated the disadvantages of centrally planned economy, the reforms being held in Russia have generated negative phenomena and factors that led to the backlog of Russia's economy from its pre-reform counterpart in several ways: by source and economic growth, labor productivity, wage levels, purchasing power and income differentiation, efficiency and quality of public administration, scope of criminalization and corruption in the economy. The relevance of these issues is enhanced due to Russia's WTO accession

The study of assessments used by russian managers to assess the aged subordinates' performance

This article explores the features of assessments which Russian managers used when they asked to assess the aged subordinates' professional performance. We studied, how the manager prefer to assess aged professionals' planning, control and work process. To reconcile aged professionals work experience and organizational changes the Matrix of competitiveness of work experience (Matrix CWE) proposed.Эта статья исследует особенности оценки российскими руководителями среднего возраста деятельности пожилых специалистов. Изучаюсь оценка руководителями особенностей планирования, контроля и организации работы пожилых специалистов. Для того, чтобы помочь таким работникам согласовать их опыт работы с организационными изменениями и эффективно обучать пожилых работников предлагается использовать матрицу конкурентоспособности профессионального опыта (CWE)

Consumer behavior and qualitative selection of goods

© Medwell Journals, 2017. The study presents theoretical-methodological approach to the content of consumer behavior taking into account quality of goods that allowed to formulate practical recommendations concerning methods of its regulation in conditions of modern Russian economy. It offers methodical approach to determination of quality as basic factor of consumer behavior based on assessment of integrated criterion of quality as the radius vector of the n-dimensional space characterizing set of uniform characteristics of quality for various categories of a product consumers, work or service number of measurements of which is defined by the structure of consumer community for this product on the basis of which the vector of consumer usefulness of production by criterion of quality is formed

Tourism development in the region based on historical heritage

The historical and cultural heritage plays huge role in development of internal tourism. For many Russian regions use of historical and cultural heritage becomes one of real opportunities of economic, social and cultural recovery. Objects of historical and cultural heritage, being an important asset of the cities, make profit and significantly influence their economic development. Leveling seasonal fluctuations and providing additional job openings - the historical and cultural heritage plays huge role in the social sphere. Reviving local cultural values, developing national creativity, traditions - the historical and cultural heritage promotes cultural lifting of local population. The article studies experiment of countries of Eastern Europe on use of historical heritage of cities for the purpose of social and economic development of region

Demand in the conditions of heterogeneity of goods and consumers

© 2015, Asian Social Science. All rights reserved. New results of research in the field of the theory of demand are presented in this article. Multidimensional additive and nonlinear models of interrelation of demand and its factors are introduced. The demand factors connected with qualitative and quantitative characteristics of economic category of demand are studied. An interconnection and functional dependences of demand on many factors, including amount of demand from quality and competitiveness of goods, and also from major factors of consumption are defined. The law of demand in space the price - quality-competitiveness is entered. Plenty of diagrams and examples are provided

Quantum-chemical investigation of structure and reactivity of pyrazol-5-ones and their thio- and seleno-analogs: X. Solvent effect on the chemical shifts of nuclei in the molecules of 3-methylpyrazol-5-ones and 1-phenyl-3-methylchalcogenepyrazol-5-ones and characteristics of tautomeric equilibrium in these compounds

By quantum-chemical DFT/GIAO method chemical shifts of all nuclei in the NMR spectra of 3-methylpyrazol-5-one and 1-phenyl-3-methylchalcogenopyrazol-5- ones in chloroform and dimethyl sulfoxide were calculated and analyzed using various solvation models. Low sensitivity to solvent of the chemical shfts of 13C and 1H nuclei (except for "acidic" protons) calculated in the framework of various continuum models is revealed. Discrete and discrete-continuum models reflect well deshielding of the active centers of H-complexation and chemical shifts of "acidic" protons of the studied pyrazolones in solutions. Optimization of geometry of pyrazolones in solutions only slightly improves the agreement between the theoretically calculated and the experimental values. Shielding of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and selenium atoms is more sensitive to the nature of solvent and to the nature of tautomeric forms. The methods of NMR spectroscopy allow to identify reliably the dominating tautomeric form but they are insufficient for the quantitative characterization of tautomeric equilibria. © 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Prospects of small business in Tatarstan

The article discusses the problems and prospects of small business in the Republic of Tatarstan. Studied the function of small business and its role in the regional economy. Development of small business promotes gradual creation of a wide layer of the small owners (middle class) who are independently providing own welfare and a worthy standard of living, the social and economic reforms which were a basis, the guarantor of political stability and democratic development of society