551 research outputs found
Effect of clindamycin vaginal pessary before cesarean section on postpartum infectious morbidity
Background: Post-cesarean section (CS) infections, namely, endometritis, fever and wound infection are considered a major health problem which necessitates effective interventions. Antibiotic prophylaxis before CS cannot completely eliminate the risk of postpartum infections. Preoperative antiseptic vaginal cleansing is one of the commonest methodsto reduce infectious morbidities after CS. Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of prophylactic administration of clindamycin vaginal suppository before elective CS on postpartum infectious morbidity. Methods: 196 patients were included in this intervention. They were divided equally into two groups (each 98 patients); intervention group (which received clindamycin 100 mg vaginal suppository at bedtime for 3 nights before CS) and control group (which received nothing). Both groups were followed till the end of puerperium for the development of postpartum infections namely, endometritis, fever, and wound infection. Results: There was statistically significant decrease in the frequency of endometritis, fever, and wound infection in the intervention group when compared to control group. Also, there was highly statistically significant decrease in the frequency of overall post-CS infectious morbidity in the intervention group when compared to control group. There was statistically significant difference between both groups as regard white blood cells count and C-reactive protein level 24 hours after cesarean section. Conclusion: Prophylactic administration of clindamycin vaginal suppository before elective CS reduces the risk of postpartum infections namely endometritis, fever, wound infection and overall post-CS infectious morbidity. Preoperative clindamycin vaginal suppository could be protective against post-CS infectious morbidities
Histopathological studies of EUS affected shing, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) from a fish farm of Mymensingh, Bangladesh
An investigation was carried out to observe histopathological changes in liver and kidney
of suspected epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS)-affected shing fish, Heteropneustes
fossilis (Bloch) collected from the "Agro-3 fish farm" situated at Boilor, Trishal,
Mymensingh. Focal necrosis, haemorrhages and atrophy of the sinusoidal region were
observed in the liver tissue. Fungal granulomas were found both in liver and kidney. In
some cases fatty depositions were observed in all over the hepatic tissue. Degeneration
and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells were also occurred. Missing of glomerulus
and necrosis surrounding the Bowman's capsule in the kidney tissue were found
Critical Role of Artificially Intelligent Conversational Chatbot
Artificially intelligent chatbot, such as ChatGPT, represents a recent and
powerful advancement in the AI domain. Users prefer them for obtaining quick
and precise answers, avoiding the usual hassle of clicking through multiple
links in traditional searches. ChatGPT's conversational approach makes it
comfortable and accessible for finding answers quickly and in an organized
manner. However, it is important to note that these chatbots have limitations,
especially in terms of providing accurate answers as well as ethical concerns.
In this study, we explore various scenarios involving ChatGPT's ethical
implications within academic contexts, its limitations, and the potential
misuse by specific user groups. To address these challenges, we propose
architectural solutions aimed at preventing inappropriate use and promoting
responsible AI interactions.Comment: Extended version of Conversation 2023 position pape
Unveiling the Potential of Big Data Analytics for Transforming Higher Education in Bangladesh; Needs, Prospects, and Challenges
Big Data Analytics has gained tremendous momentum in many sectors worldwide.
Big Data has substantial influence in the field of Learning Analytics that may
allow academic institutions to better understand the learners needs and
proactively address them. Hence, it is essential to understand Big Data and its
application. With the capability of Big Data to find a broad understanding of
the scientific decision making process, Big Data Analytics (BDA) can be a piece
of the answer to accomplishing Bangladesh Higher Education (BHE) objectives.
This paper reviews the capacity of BDA, considers possible applications in BHE,
gives an insight into how to improve the quality of education or uncover
additional values from the data generated by educational institutions, and
lastly, identifies needs and difficulties, opportunities, and some frameworks
to probable implications about the BDA in BHE sector.
Keywords; Big Data Analytics, Learning Analytics, Quality of Education,
Challenges, Higher Education, Banglades
Experimental pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria in shing Heteropneustes fossilis(Bloch)
Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria was tested on the stinging catfish
Heteropneustes fossilis. Before artificial infection the morphological, biochemical and
physiological characters of Aeromonas hydrophila were studied. The infections were done
by two different methods, viz., intramuscular (IM) and intraperitoneal (IP) injection. In
infection experiment, each group of 10 fish were injected either intramuscularly or
intra peritoneally with one dose higher than the LD50 dose (9.6 x 107 CFU/fish). All the
fish tested died within 1 to 9 days. Both in cases of intramuscular and intraperitoneal
injection, external pathology were found. Haemorrhagic lesions were evident at the site
of injection. The posterior end of the body surface was found to develop greyish-white
lesion that was extended up to caudal fin. Hyperemic anal region and the fin bases were
also observed. Total bacterial loads in liver, kidney and intestine were determined.
Aeromonas hydrophila could be isolated from liver, kidney and intestine of the
experimentally infected fish. In case of intramuscular injection the highest and the
lowest bacterial load was found to be 2.4 x 107 CFU/g of liver and 2.1 x 102 CFU/g of
kidney and in case of intraperitoneal injection they were found to be 3.6 x 106 CFU/g of
kidney and 1.2 x 104 CFU/g of kidney respectively. It was concluded that A. hydrophila
could cause serious disease condition to Heteropneustes fossilis and its pathogenesis in the
fish was also very efficient
Runway Sign Classifier: A DAL C Certifiable Machine Learning System
In recent years, the remarkable progress of Machine Learning (ML)
technologies within the domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has
presented unprecedented opportunities for the aviation industry, paving the way
for further advancements in automation, including the potential for single
pilot or fully autonomous operation of large commercial airplanes. However, ML
technology faces major incompatibilities with existing airborne certification
standards, such as ML model traceability and explainability issues or the
inadequacy of traditional coverage metrics. Certification of ML-based airborne
systems using current standards is problematic due to these challenges. This
paper presents a case study of an airborne system utilizing a Deep Neural
Network (DNN) for airport sign detection and classification. Building upon our
previous work, which demonstrates compliance with Design Assurance Level (DAL)
D, we upgrade the system to meet the more stringent requirements of Design
Assurance Level C. To achieve DAL C, we employ an established architectural
mitigation technique involving two redundant and dissimilar Deep Neural
Networks. The application of novel ML-specific data management techniques
further enhances this approach. This work is intended to illustrate how the
certification challenges of ML-based systems can be addressed for medium
criticality airborne applications
A Case of Artificial Snow Foam induced Corneal Endotheliitis Followed up by Scheimpflug Densitometry
The aim was to present a rare case of artificial snow foam induced corneal endotheliitis followed up by Scheimpflug Densitometry. A 15-year-old male complained of redness, tearing and reduced vision in the left eye after artificial snow foam entered his left eye 4 days before the presentation. Slit lamp examination of the same eye showed ciliary injection with corneal edema with no epithelial defect and endothelial lesion measuring 3 × 4 millimeters (mm) with large keratic precipitates (KP). Examining the left eye by the Scheimpflug densitometry of the Sirius device (CSO, Florence, Italy) showed plaque on the back of the cornea. Aqueous tab Polymerase chain reaction analysis (PCR) results for the affected eye had negative results for viral infection. Improvement of ocular symptoms occurred after treatment with topical steroid therapy. Scheimpflug densitometry showed disappearance of the saw-tooth protrusions on the back of the cornea with decreased reflectivity. Corneal endotheliitis can be triggered by chemical ocular trauma. The Scheimpflug densitometry examination may be a useful noninvasive method for reaching a clinical diagnosis of corneal endotheliitis and monitoring treatment effectiveness
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