The Basic Layout of a Denim Textile Industry: A Basic Review

Denim was produced in the city of Nîmes in France and was originally called the serge de Nîmes. The word denim is an English colloquialism of the French term: “denim.” Day by day Bangladesh denim sector very much developed and helps to increase productivity. Bangladesh have seen a significant increase in investing in denim fabric manufacturing, increasing the country’s production performance by reducing fabric dependence on imports. It is important due to its aspects of durability, and not easily torn which benefited physical laborers much. The government also plays a vital role in denim textile industry. This paper shows different section of denim textile industry such as: sewing section, cutting section, washing, IE and finishing department. The main aim of this paper is how to role all the section of denim textile industry. Textile education is insufficient without industry attachment, which bridges the gap between theoretical and practical aspects and acclimates students to the industrial world. We can gain about theoretical development on an industrial level from this attachment. We can understand more about the machines used in various departments, their technical specifications, characteristics, operating system, and so on, and we believe that without this type of industrial connection, it is impossible to obtain industry-based information about textile engineering adequately. The Industrial Attachment on Denim Manufacturing Technology was used to organize this study (sewing section, cutting, IE, washing section, CAD Section, and finishing department. Various operating procedures for the production of denim in the industry are presented in this paper. The technique and process of several procedures and processes are presented here such as machine specifications, manpower, maintenance, layout of the different section, dye processes and wet processes

Corporate Social Responsibility of Commercial Bank in Bangladesh: A Comparative Study on Nationalized and Private Banks

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to strategies corporations or firms conduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial to community in terms of development. This research analyses the meaning of CSR based on some theories available in literature. CSR is evolving in its meaning and practice. The research discusses the role of CSR in community development. CSR movement has gathered great momentum over the past number of years and is now regarded as being at this most prevalent. CSR is presently one of the most discussed topics. The purpose of the study is to provide deep understanding about CSR benefit, accountability and show steps taken by the government. The study has been taken to observe different CSR areas of nationalized and private commercial banks and its contribution. This study found CSR practices of nationalized and private commercial banks. The study reveals that nationalized and private commercial banks are trying to swell their contribution in accordance with their performance

An Analysis of the Production Function of Ready-Made Garments Industry in Bangladesh: A Case of Tex-Town Group Limited

More than 78% of Bangladesh’s export earnings come from the garment industry. The ready-made garments (RMG) sector has a greater potential than any other sector in terms of employment and foreign exchange earnings to reduce poverty and make a contribution to the national economy. In this paper, we attempt an econometric estimation of Cobb-Douglas production function in Bangladesh’s ready-made garments industry and also test the hypothesis that ready-made garments industry is expected to reap better economies of scale in a competitive environment. We try to resolve some econometric issues such as heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and multicollinearity  in the production function estimates by adopting different solutions and adjustment procedures with a view to obtain reliable parameter estimates. . This study has been used the annually time series data about ready-made garments production, labour wages, and capital of Tex-Town Group Limited from 2002-2013. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method is used to estimate the model. The results show that there is a positive relationship between labour wages, capital and ready-made garments production in Bangladesh. The value of R2 is 0.687. This indicates that about 68.7% of the total variation in the ready-made garments production is explained by the labour wages and capital in Bangladesh. The results are statistically significant at 5% level of significance. This study suggests that increase in labour employment and capital to increase the production of ready-made garments in Bangladesh. Keywords: Ready-made Garments Industry; Production Function; Wage, Capital.

Evaluating the Applicability of Biostimulated Calcium Carbonate Precipitation to Stabilize Clayey Soils

Clayey soils with medium to high plasticity are prevalent in several parts of the world, causing billions of dollars in damage annually to various civil infrastructures. Several ground-improvement techniques can be employed to counteract this issue. However, these methods are impractical in certain situations and unsustainable in others due to their economic and environmental impacts. Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) could provide a more sustainable alternative. Researchers have successfully used MICP to alter specific geotechnical properties of sands and silts. This research investigates the applicability of MICP via biostimulation to treat clayey soils with low to high plasticity. The goal is to determine the viability of this technique to alter the engineering behavior of clayey soils, especially given the low permeability of these soils. For this purpose, four soils were selected from four different locations in Idaho and Montana. The soils were selected such that their plasticity varied from low to high to study the effect of plasticity index on the effectiveness of MICP treatments. In addition to the four soils, three additional artificial mixes were studied to study the effect of clay content on MICP effectiveness. Both macroscale and microscale studies were conducted on untreated and biostimulated soils to observe strength gain, swelling reduction, and calcium carbonate precipitation. The results show that MICP via biostimulation would be a promising method to treat problematic clayey soils

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Soil-Native Bacteria in Precipitating Calcite to Stabilize Expansive Soils

The use of chemical additives to stabilize expansive soils is a common practice. However, the environmental concerns associated with the greenhouse gas generation during the production of these chemicals have launched engineers in search of sustainable stabilization alternatives. Microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a bio-cementation technique that could be a potential solution to this problem. Typically, MICP is achieved via bio-augmentation; however, bio-stimulation was argued to be a more realistic alternative due to its field implementation potential. Hence, in this research study, two expansive soils with varying plasticity characteristics were examined to understand the potential of MICP in treating expansive soils. These two soils were subjected to MICP treatments using enrichment and cementation solutions. The treatment effectiveness was studied via response measures such as Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strengths, one-dimensional swell test, and calcium carbonate precipitation. The results indicate that MICP has potential in stabilizing expansive soils and further research is warranted to explore this idea

Decent Work and Inclusive Economic Growth: Bangladesh Perspective

The study has made an effort to analyze the performance of Bangladesh economy in line with the decent work and inclusive economic growth target of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period of 2015 to 2019 and to identify the challenges of achieving decent work for all by 2030. Bangladesh has ranked 109th among the 166 countries and moved seven notches up from 116th of 2019 in the SDGs Index 2020. Analyzing the International Labour Organization (ILO) modeled estimated data on the decent work indicators like labour force participation rate, employment to population ratio, unemployment rate, youth unemployment, informal employment, child labour and employment in agriculture, industry and service sector, the study reveals that the high youth unemployment, informality in the job market, mismatch between demand and supply of skilled labour, less female participation in the labour force, insufficient investment, participation of child and forced labour in hazardous work, etc. are the major hindrance for ensuring decent work for all. Skill development programs, large scale investment, products diversification, good governance, elimination of child and forced labour from hazardous work, etc. may help to create more employment opportunities, decent work environment as well as inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Bangladesh. Keywords: Decent Work, Inclusive Economic Growth, SDGs, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-16-02 Publication date:August 31st 202

Virulence of entomopathogenic fungus, metarhizium anisopliae to sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) under osmotic stress

The aim of the present study was to investigate the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates PR1 and GT3) under osmotic stress condition. The virulence study of the fungus was conducted by three ways—growth (germination, vegetative growth and sporulation); enzymatic activities (chitinase, protease and lipase) of M. anisopliae and percentage mortality of Bemisia tabaci to M. anisopliae. Conidia of M. anisopliae were produced under different osmotic stress conditions as SDA medium as control, SDA medium with 0.5 M NaCl, SDA medium with 0.5 M KCl, SDA medium with 1 M NaCl and SDA medium with 1 M KCl. The germination percentage, vegetative growth, sporulation, chitinase and protease activities were highest for control of PR1 isolate, reaching up to 97 %, 4.1 cm and 6.6 × 106 conidia/ml, 2.6 mU/ml and 1.7 µg/ml/min, respectively. These values decreased up to 86.7 %, 3.6 cm and 4.1 × 106 conidia/ml, 1.6 mU/ml and 1.0 µg/ml/min, respectively under osmotic stress. The lipase activity was highest for 0.5 M NaCl of PR1 isolate, reaching up to 18.2 µmol/ml/min. The mortality percentage of B. tabaci was highest for control of PR1 and GT3 isolates, reaching up to 83.9 and 83.8 %, respectively. These values decreased up to 77.4 and 77.5 %, respectively under osmotic stress. This paper concludes that both the isolate PR1 and GT3 are virulent to B. tabaci under osmotic stress condition

Explainable AI based Glaucoma Detection using Transfer Learning and LIME

Glaucoma is the second driving reason for partial or complete blindness among all the visual deficiencies which mainly occurs because of excessive pressure in the eye due to anxiety or depression which damages the optic nerve and creates complications in vision. Traditional glaucoma screening is a time-consuming process that necessitates the medical professionals' constant attention, and even so time to time due to the time constrains and pressure they fail to classify correctly that leads to wrong treatment. Numerous efforts have been made to automate the entire glaucoma classification procedure however, these existing models in general have a black box characteristics that prevents users from understanding the key reasons behind the prediction and thus medical practitioners generally can not rely on these system. In this article after comparing with various pre-trained models, we propose a transfer learning model that is able to classify Glaucoma with 94.71\% accuracy. In addition, we have utilized Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME) that introduces explainability in our system. This improvement enables medical professionals obtain important and comprehensive information that aid them in making judgments. It also lessen the opacity and fragility of the traditional deep learning models