Integrating Blockchain into Supply Chain Safeguarded by PUF-enabled RFID.

Due to globalization, supply chain networks are moving towards higher complexity and becoming vulnerable to various kinds of attacks such as counterfeiting, information tampering, and so on. Appropriate approaches are necessary to tackle different types of attacks and to ensure the required supply chain security. In this thesis, we have addressed the product counterfeiting issue using Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) enabled Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag. Applying blockchain technology to supply chain can add many useful features to the supply chain, such as decentralization and immutability. On the other hand, linking supply chain products to blockchain can bring transparency, traceability, and non-repudiation as well. As a preferred alternative to the traditional centralized databases, blockchain can address certain supply chain management issues such as complicated record-keeping, provenance tracking of the products, and distrust among different supply chain parties. In this research, blockchain technology has been leveraged to support anticounterfeiting and deal with data attacks. We have also introduced a reputation-based consensus algorithm for the blockchain which is less resource-intensive and thus will not impose additional cost on supply chain products indirectly. In the same research direction, we have devised our system architecture that is suitable for lightweight supply chain devices. The proposed three protocols, namely: registration protocol, verification protocol, and transaction protocol along with the blockchain technology help to transfer the ownership of the authentic product and keep the sensitive supply chain information safe. An encryption-based secret sharing technique has also been introduced to assist data protection

Heavy metals concentration in different processing operational waste water from tannery industry

An investigation was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals from waste water of tannery industry located at Hazaribagh area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The total contents of Cr, Ca, Na, Zn, Hg, Mn and Ni were determined using Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method which were followed by a wet ashing Digestion process. Average concentration of those heavy metals obtained from different operational section of Samina tannery industry were found 416.89, 628.03, 235.78, 3.912, 0.054, 20.952 and 3.106 mg/l for Cr, Ca, Na, Zn, Hg, Mn and Ni respectively. As recommended by the World Health Organization, the level of those heavy metals in the tannery effluent from different sections have been found highly contaminated and not suitable for irrigation purpose and harmful for environment.       Note: The pdf full paper of this article will be uploaded soon.     &nbsp

B(E2) VALUE OF 82Se, 84Kr AND 86Sr ISOTONES FOR N=48 BY USING INTERACTING BOSON MODEL-1.

The reduced transition probability B(E2)↓ of 82Se, 84Kr and 86Sr isotones has been studied by using the Interacting Boson Model-1(IBM-1) . Using this model the reduced transition probabilities B(E2) of these isotones have been calculated for the gamma transition from 8+ → 6+, 6+ → 4+, 4+ → 2+ and 2+ → 0+states. For the first 4+ and 2+ excited states, the excitation energy ratio (R4/2) has been also calculated

Removal of Chromium(III) and Other Physical Parameters from Chrome Tan Wastewater and Recovery of Chromium from the Precipitating Sludge

This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO3, NaHCO3, and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO3 and CaCO3, Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO3 and CaCO3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO3 and CaCO3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution

Assessment of micro and macro nutrients in poultry feeds available in Dhaka city, Bangladesh

This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as toxic and nontoxic heavy metals present in the chicken feed available in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. All macro nutrients, if present in the feed at high concentration have some adverse effect, at the same time if this nutrient present in the feed at low concentration this have some adverse effect too. So that this nutrient level should be maintained at a marginal level. On the other side toxic heavy metals if present in the feed at very low concentration those can contaminate the total environment of the ecosystem. In this study six brand samples (starter, grower, finisher and layer) which was collected from different renowned chicken feed formulation industry in Bangladesh. Those samples were prepared for analysis by wet-ashing and then metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. It was found that 27.7 to 68.4, 57.3 to 121.9, 0.21 to 4.1, 0.32 to 2.1, 0.11 to 1.58, 0.28 to 2.11 and 0.28 to 1.78 for zinc, iron, copper, mercury, cadmium, nickel and cobalt respectively. It was found that essential macro and micro nutrients were present in the feed in low concentration on the other side mercury was present in high concentration in the feed sample

Pattern of Childhood Malignant Tumour in the Paediatric Surgery Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Background: Childhood malignancy is fast becoming an important paediatric problem in Bangladesh. They differ markedly from adult malignancy in their nature and distribution. This is a 5 years retrospective study of childhood malignant tumour as seen at the paediatric surgery department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the types of malignant patients admitted in the paediatric surgery department of BSMMU and also to know their age and sex distribution. Methods: This is a 5 years retrospective study from January 2005 to December 2009 in the paediatric surgery department of BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All admitted malignant patients, aged up to 15 years diagnosed by means of histological or cytological examination included in this study. Results: Seventy (70) malignant patients were admitted during the study period, 65.7% patients were male and 34.3% patients were female with a male female ratio of 1.9:1. Fifty two (74.3%) patients were below 5 years and eighteen (25.7%) patients were between 5 to 15 years. The Wilms’ tumour was the most common malignant tumour which accounted for 42.8%. Hepatoblastoma was the second most common (24.2%). The other malignant tumours were neuroblastoma (15.7%), Non-Hodgkins lymphoma (5.7%), Rhabdomyosarcoma (4.2%), malignant fibrous histocytoma (1.4%), Fibroscarcoma (1.4%), Osteosarcoma (1.4%), malignant sacrococcygeal teratoma (1.4%), carcinoma of the rectum (1.4%0. Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, Wilms’ tumour is the commonest paediatric solid malignancy in our country. Carcinoma of the rectum may rarely occur in paediatric age group. Key words: Frequency; malignant solid tumor; children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v4i2.8638 BSMMU J 2011; 4(2):99-10

Post-operative sonological evaluation of pelvi-ureteric drainage of unilateral A-H pyeloplasty in children

Background: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is the most common cause of pediatric hydronephrosis where A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent is the established treatment option with a high success rate. We observed the predictive value of sonological parameters for early detection of postoperative obstruction at the new pelvi-ureteric junction in children following unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 12 children who underwent unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Post-operative follow-up was done after D-J stent removal and completed within six months. Maximum antero-posterior pelvic diameter (APPD), cortical thickness (CT), and pelvi-cortical (P/C) ratio were compared. Results: Mean APPD was 32.7 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 24.4 mm at one month, and 19.7 mm at four months. Mean CT was 5.2 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 6.1 mm at one month and 8.0 mm at four months. P/C ratio was 8.3 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 5.2 mm at one month, and 3.4 mm at four months. Increased CT and reduced P/C ratio were significant at four months (P= 0.05). Conclusion: CT value and P/C ratio can be used as an early marker of success for pelvi-ureteric drainage following A-H pyeloplasty.

Post-operative sonological evaluation of pelvi-ureteric drainage of unilateral A-H pyeloplasty in children

Background: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is the most common cause of pediatric hydronephrosis where A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent is the established treatment option with a high success rate. We observed the predictive value of sonological parameters for early detection of postoperative obstruction at the new pelvi-ureteric junction in children following unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 12 children who underwent unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Post-operative follow-up was done after D-J stent removal and completed within six months. Maximum antero-posterior pelvic diameter (APPD), cortical thickness (CT), and pelvi-cortical (P/C) ratio were compared. Results: Mean APPD was 32.7 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 24.4 mm at one month, and 19.7 mm at four months. Mean CT was 5.2 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 6.1 mm at one month and 8.0 mm at four months. P/C ratio was 8.3 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 5.2 mm at one month, and 3.4 mm at four months. Increased CT and reduced P/C ratio were significant at four months (P= 0.05). Conclusion: CT value and P/C ratio can be used as an early marker of success for pelvi-ureteric drainage following A-H pyeloplasty. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 58-61

Post-operative sonological evaluation of pelvi-ureteric drainage of unilateral A-H pyeloplasty in children

Background: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is the most common cause of pediatric hydronephrosis where A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent is the established treatment option with a high success rate. We observed the predictive value of sonological parameters for early detection of postoperative obstruction at the new pelvi-ureteric junction in children following unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 12 children who underwent unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Post-operative follow-up was done after D-J stent removal and completed within six months. Maximum antero-posterior pelvic diameter (APPD), cortical thickness (CT), and pelvi-cortical (P/C) ratio were compared. Results: Mean APPD was 32.7 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 24.4 mm at one month, and 19.7 mm at four months. Mean CT was 5.2 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 6.1 mm at one month and 8.0 mm at four months. P/C ratio was 8.3 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 5.2 mm at one month, and 3.4 mm at four months. Increased CT and reduced P/C ratio were significant at four months (P= 0.05). Conclusion: CT value and P/C ratio can be used as an early marker of success for pelvi-ureteric drainage following A-H pyeloplasty. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 58-61

Seasonal pattern of zooplankton communities and their environmental response in subtropical maritime channels systems in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Zooplankton are a primary component of aquatic food chain and play an important role in the functioning of aquatic food webs. Seasonal variation in community structures of zooplankton and potential environmental drivers were studied, during a 1-year cycle (summer 2015 – spring 2016) in subtropical maritime channels systems in the Bay of Bengal, coastal waters in Bangladesh. A total of 32 species representing 25 families, 13 orders and 15 taxonomic groups were identified. Of these species, 23 distributed in all four season of which 8 were dominant species with high contributions of the total communities. Species number was peaked in autumn and fell in summer while maximum abundance was in the winter and minimum in summer. Multivariate analyses showed that there was a clear seasonal shift in zooplankton community structures in relation with environmental conditions. Species diversity and evenness peaked in summer while the high value of species richness was found in autumn. Multivariate correlation (RELATE) and BIO-ENV analysis demonstrated that seasonal variation in community patterns was significantly correlated with temporal shift of environmental conditions and that variation mainly driven by water transparency, salinity, DO, TSS and nutrients. Thus, this finding implies that the zooplankton community represented a clear seasonal shift shaped by environmental drivers in subtropical channels systems