SU HASARI ÖNLEYİCİ KATKILARIN TEKERLEK İZİ DİRENCİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Su hasarı ve kalıcı deformasyon, sıcak karışım asfalt kaplamalarda başlıca hasar biçimleridir. Laboratuarda, asfalt karışımlara çeşitli çevresel hasar koşullama sistemleri uygulanabilmektedir. Bu şekilde, bir performans problemi belirli yönleri ile araştırılabilmektedir. Ancak uygulama koşullarında farklı problemlerin birlikte gelişiyor olması, sorunların değerlendirilmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Sıcak karışım asfaltların su hasarı duyarlılığı kaplamanın hasarında önemlidir. Su hasarından kaynaklanan deformasyonu kontrol etmek için su hasarı (soyulma) önleyici katkıların kullanımı öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, asfalt kaplamalarda soyulma önleyici katkı olan yağ asidi türevli amin katkısının tekerlek izi problemi üzerindeki etkisinin orta ve yüksek sıcaklıkta araştırılmasıdır. Tekerlek izi direncini belirlemek için tekrarlı yük sünme deneyi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol ve amin modifiye karışım örnekleri iki gruba ayrılarak bir gruba suya dayalı koşullama uygulanmıştır. Koşulsuz ve koşullu örnekler 20oC ve 40oC sıcaklıkta test edilmiştir. Her iki sıcaklıkta da amin katkısı karışımın tekerlek izi direncini arttırdı. Seçilen koşullama sisteminin karışımların performansı üzerinde gözlemlenebilir hasar seviyesi oluşturabildiği görülmüştür

EVALUATION OF ASPHALT PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE FOR DIFFERENT DIATOMITE CONTENT

The majority of steel and reinforced concrete bridges are produced with asphalt pavement. The reason for this is to protect steel and concrete structures from the effects of water and degrading salt additives and to increase their durability. Asphalt bridge superstructures are mostly manufactured with four layers. These layers are the primer bonding layer, waterproofing layer, protection layer and surface asphalt wearing layers. The superstructure must protect the supporting substructure. It should protect the life of the structure and ensure the integrity of the structure against permanent deformation, aging, raveling, water damage and chemical effects. Diatomite additive is used as a performance enhancer in various aspects. It is generally preferred in the region of 5%-15% according to the bitumen mass. The granulometric size and chemical properties of the diatomite additive are other effective factors. In this study, the rutting resistance of conventional and diatomite-modified asphalt pavement for 5% and 10% ratios for selected diatomite additive gradation is investigated. The rutting resistance of the pavements is investigated by repeated creep tests for two different additive ratios on water-damaged and control mixtures. In unconditioned samples, 5% diatomite-modified mixtures; in conditioned samples, 10% diatomite-modified mixtures showed the greatest deformation resistance

Effect of Glass Cullet Size and Hydrated Lime—Nanoclay Additives on the Mechanical Properties of Glassphalt Concrete

In this study, the use of glass waste as aggregate in asphalt mixtures was investigated. Maximum glass aggregate size options of 0.075, 2.00, 4.75 and 9.5 mm. were selected. Conventional bitumen, nanoclay-modified bitumen and hydrated lime-modified bitumen were used. Dense graded asphalt mixtures were designed according to the Marshall method. Mixtures were evaluated for low-temperature cracking, resistance to water damage, fatigue, and permanent deformation behavior with repeated creep, indirect tensile strength, indirect tensile fatigue, modified Lottman and Hamburg wheel tracking tests. Increasing glass aggregate size reduced the water damage resistance of asphalt mixtures because of the smooth surface of the glass particles and nanoclay and hydrated lime modification improved the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures. Using 2.00 mm sized maximum glass aggregate showed relatively less water damage and deformation properties due to higher internal friction which is due to the greater angularity of the glass particles. In addition, there was a significant correlation between repeated creep test, modified Lottman methods and Hamburg Wheel tracking test from the viewpoint of deformation and water damage assessments

Effect of Glass Cullet Size and Hydrated Lime—Nanoclay Additives on the Mechanical Properties of Glassphalt Concrete

In this study, the use of glass waste as aggregate in asphalt mixtures was investigated. Maximum glass aggregate size options of 0.075, 2.00, 4.75 and 9.5 mm. were selected. Conventional bitumen, nanoclay-modified bitumen and hydrated lime-modified bitumen were used. Dense graded asphalt mixtures were designed according to the Marshall method. Mixtures were evaluated for low-temperature cracking, resistance to water damage, fatigue, and permanent deformation behavior with repeated creep, indirect tensile strength, indirect tensile fatigue, modified Lottman and Hamburg wheel tracking tests. Increasing glass aggregate size reduced the water damage resistance of asphalt mixtures because of the smooth surface of the glass particles and nanoclay and hydrated lime modification improved the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures. Using 2.00 mm sized maximum glass aggregate showed relatively less water damage and deformation properties due to higher internal friction which is due to the greater angularity of the glass particles. In addition, there was a significant correlation between repeated creep test, modified Lottman methods and Hamburg Wheel tracking test from the viewpoint of deformation and water damage assessments

Reasons of Choosing Recreation Management Departments within the Body of Tourism Faculties and Expectations of Students

It is seen that the students graduating from Recreation department work in tourism sectors, but on the other hand, Recreation students can also work in industry and domestic administrations, school recreation, therapeutic recreation etc. This paper presents some solutions by determining that the Recreation administration program’s students’ expectations of future and sufficiency of their education and their happines

Cost analysis and evaluation of nosocomial infections in intensive care units

Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate nosocomial infections occurring in our hospital intensive care units (ICUs) and the risk factors for these, and to determine the effect of these infections on mortality and cost. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was performed via infection control committee surveillance data, ICU records, and information processing data between 1 January and 31 December 2013 at the Kanuni Education and Research Hospital. Results: A total of 309 nosocomial infections were observed in 205 out of 566 patients. The density of nosocomial infections was 25.4 in 1000 patient days. Hospitalization was prolonged, and APACHE II and Charlson comorbidity scores were high in patients developing nosocomial infections (P < 0.001). Of the patients diagnosed with a nosocomial infection, 170 died. Infections were determined as the cause of death in 62 (36.5%) of the nonsurviving patients with a nosocomial infection. Acinetobacter baumannii was identified in 46 (74.2%) of the patients that died from nosocomial infections. The mean cost in patients developing a nosocomial infection was 15,229.30 Turkish lira (TL), compared to 9648.00 TL in patients without a nosocomial infection (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Regular infection control education sessions need to be held and the number of nurses needs to be increased in order to be able to reduce this high mortality, morbidity, and cost

Evaluation of sarcoidosis cases in the last decade: Is there a seasonal difference?

Background: The sarcoidosis cases were emphasized to differ seasonally in previous studies. In particular, the seasonal distribution of Lofgren syndrome and sarcoidosis arthritis cases has been reported to vary. Aims and Objectives: In this study, the seasonal variability of sarcoidosis cases defined in the literature was investigated among the patients who applied to our outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: The data of 582 patients referred to our outpatient clinic and had a preliminary diagnosis of sarcoidosis between January 2010 and March 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic information, admission dates to the hospital, diagnostic methods, organ involvement, and seasonal characteristics were determined and analyzed. Results: Of the 582 patients evaluated in the study, 359 had the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The mean age of our patients was 50 years; 96 (26,7 %) were male, and 263 (73,3 %) were female. The number of patients diagnosed histopathologically was 338 (94,2 %), and the most common extrapulmonary involvement was skin involvement with 37 cases. In the last decade, a significant number of patients (134 (37.3%) cases) were referred to the physician during the spring. Conclusion: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with unknown etiology. In our study, similar to other studies, there was an increase in the symptoms during spring. Therefore, sarcoidosis should be kept in mind in patients with symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath accompanied by skin findings during the spring months. However, the data to explain this condition are not sufficient. Therefore, prospective studies are needed to explain the seasonal relationship with the pathophysiology of sarcoidosis

Efficacy of Direct-acting Antivirals in Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Real-life Retrospective Study

YAVUZ, ILKNUR/0000-0003-0247-8772WOS: 000505071700008Objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common among hemodialysis (HD) patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. New generation direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents are safe and effective in treatment HCV infection in HD patients. The aim of this a multi-center study was to assess the efficacy of DAAs in HD patients with HCV infection. Materials and Methods: HD patients with HCV infection followed-up at five centers were included in this retrospective cohort study. Patients demographic and virological characteristics, liver fibrosis status, end of treatment and sustained virologic responses (SVR12) at 12 weeks after treatment were recorded. Treatment of the patients was arranged according to the genotype and drug interactions considering guidelines. Results: Ninety percent of 20 patients were genotype 1b and were treated for 12 weeks with paritaprevir-ritonavir-ombitasvir-dasabuvir; one patient was genotype 4 and received PrOD + ribavirin (RBV) for 12 weeks; and one patient was genotype 3 and was treated with sofosbuvir + RBV for 24 weeks. HCV-RNA negativity was achieved in all patients at the end of treatment and SVR12 rate was 100%. Significant side effects were not observed in any patients, apart from sleeplessness in one patient and itching in another. Conclusion: Our real-life data support that new generation DAAs achieve high SVR and are well tolerated in HD patients with HCV. In these patients, intolerance and side effects were not observed, which would otherwise require cessation of the DAA regimen