Association between hypertension and immunosuppression in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 32 million cases and almost a million deaths. Recent reviews have evidenced the role of hypertension in prognosis, nevertheless, its association with immunosuppression in COVID-19 context has not been studied. It was performed a cross-sectional analysis of a large Mexican population with the infection (n= 681 890). Prevalence of immunosuppression and hypertension was 1.10% and 19.50%, respectively. The adjusted model evidenced that hypertension was significantly associated with immunosuppression (odds ratio=1.18, 95% CI=1.11-1.25). Furtherresearch in pathways thatjustify the association between hypertension and immunosuppression in COVID-19 patients is recommended.Campus Lima Centr

Revisión sistemática de las intervenciones para el abandono del hábito tabáquico en el último año

21 p.Introducción: El tabaco es actualmente la principal causa de muerte evitable en el mundo. El tabaco mata a 8 millones de personas cada año (7 millones de fumadores activos y más de un millón de no fumadores afectados por humo de fuente ajena). La esperanza de vida de los fumadores es de aproximadamente 10 años menor que la de los no fumadores. Los niños y adolescentes que utilizan cigarrillos electrónicos, tienen al menos el doble de probabilidades de fumar cigarrillos a lo largo de su vida. En el día Mundial del tabaco en 2022, la OMS recuerda que el tabaco mata cada año a más de 8 millones de personas y destruye nuestro medio ambiente, perjudicando aún más la salud de las personas debido al cultivo, la fabricación, la distribución, el consumo y la eliminación de los productos de tabaco. El tabaco es una droga estimulante del sistema nervioso central. Uno de sus componentes, la nicotina, posee una enorme capacidad adictiva, y es la causa por la que su consumo produce dependencia. Los tratamientos disponibles actualmente para la deshabituación tabáquica son: la terapia sustitutiva de nicotina, el bupropión y la vareniclina, los cigarrillos electrónicos, las intervenciones de cesación tabáquica basadas en telefonía móvil, las terapia cognitivo conductual para dejar de fumar y el coaching y el mindfulness Objetivo: Analizar los diferentes programas de deshabituación tabáquica publicados durante el año 2022. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos consultando las bases de datos Pubmed y Cochranre , con un rango de fechas desde enero a diciembre de 2022, en los idiomas español e inglés. No se hicieron restricciones respecto al tipo de estudio. Se revisaron los abstracts y en los casos necesarios los artículos completos, teniéndose en cuenta finalmente todos los artículos que incluían programas de deshabituación tabáquica y eliminando el resto. Resultados: De los 65 ensayos clínicos analizados, el 33,84% corresponden a ensayos sobre aplicaciones móviles para dejar de fumar.Un 20% establece los tratamientos farmacológicos con bupropión y vareniclina. El 18,46% se relaciona con tratamientos cognitivos conductuales, un 6,15% aborda las terapias de reemplazo con nicotina, cigarrillo electrónico, y por último el 4,61% apuestan por los procesos de coaching y mindfulness. Conclusiones: Las principales plataformas de tecnologías utilizadas en los estudios analizados fueron las aplicaciones móviles (app), las páginas webs y el asesoramiento telefónico. El uso de app como principal recurso coincide con el aumento exponencial de teléfonos inteligentes. Tras la revisión de los estudios publicados en el último año, concluimos que los móviles son una herramienta imprescindible en el tratamiento del tabaquismo.Introduction: Tobacco is currently the main preventable cause of death in the world. Tobacco kills 8 million people each year (7 million active smokers and more than one million non-smokers affected by secondhand smoke). The life expectancy of smokers is approximately 10 years less than that of non-smokers. Children and adolescents who use e-cigarettes are at least twice as likely to smoke cigarettes in their lifetime. On World Tobacco Day in 2022, the WHO recalls that tobacco kills more than 8 million people each year and destroys our environment, further harming people's health due to cultivation, manufacturing, distribution, consumption and elimination of tobacco products. Tobacco is a central nervous system stimulant drug. One of its components, nicotine, has an enormous addictive capacity, and is the reason why its consumption produces dependency. The treatments currently available for smoking cessation are: nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion and varenicline, e-cigarettes, mobile phone-based smoking cessation interventions, cognitive behavioural therapy for smoking cessation, and coaching and mindfulness. Objective: Analyse the different smoking cessation programs published during the year 2022. Methodology: A systematic review of scientific articles was carried out by consulting the Pubmed and Cochrane databases, with a range of dates from January to December 2022, in Spanish and English. No restrictions were made regarding the type of study. The abstracts and, where necessary, the complete articles were reviewed, finally taking into account all the articles that included smoking cessation programs and eliminating the rest. Results: Of the 65 clinical trials analysed, 33.84%, correspond to trials on mobile applications to quit smoking. 20% establish pharmacological treatments with bupropion and varenicline. 18.46% are related to cognitive behavioural treatments, 6.15% address nicotine replacement therapies, electronic cigarettes and finally 4.61 % opt for coaching and mindfulness processes. Conclusions: The main technology platforms used in the studies analysed were mobile applications (app), web pages and telephone advice. The use of the app as the main resource coincides with the exponential increase in smartphones. After reviewing the studies published in the last year, we conclude that mobile phones are an essential tool in the treatment of smoking

Indicadores de evaluación del nivel de sustentabilidad del proyecto Tren Interurbano México - Toluca

En décadas recientes, se han impulsado iniciativas enfocadas a la satisfacción de necesidades humanas con la condición de minimizar los efectos negativos hacia los ecosistemas y tratando de alcanzar el bienestar social, lo que se conoce como sustentabilidad o desarrollo sustentable (DS). Una de esas necesidades es la movilidad a través de sistemas de transporte sustentables, estos sistemas incluyen infraestructura, consumo de energía, recursos, materiales y mano de obra, lo que se ha visto influenciado por el contexto mundial ante la demanda de materiales y energéticos por los conflictos bélicos, económicos y la crisis sanitaria. La sustentabilidad implica garantizar que las infraestructuras que construimos son compatibles con los objetivos sociales y medioambientales además de contribuir a mejorar los medios de vida y el bienestar social. Por lo que para orientarnos en la designación de “sustentable” de los proyectos de infraestructura de transporte, debemos evaluar el nivel de sustentabilidad considerando los atributos además de los efectos que tendrán lugar a lo largo del ciclo de vida. Se ha comprobado que los sistemas de indicadores de sustentabilidad son útiles para realizar está evaluación, cubriendo aspectos pobremente abordados por el procedimiento de evaluación de impacto ambiental, al menos como se implementa en México. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el nivel de sustentabilidad del proyecto de infraestructura de transporte TIMT a través de indicadores agrupados en cuatro dimensiones (económica, social, ambiental e institucional) durante todo su ciclo de vida que permita adoptar decisiones oportunas a favor de un desarrollo sustentable. En este avance de investigación, se muestra el cumplimiento al objetivo particular de seleccionar los indicadores de evaluación. Se obtuvieron 89 indicadores divididos en 15 criterios para las cuatro dimensiones. Se observó que la elección de estos es sensible al contexto en el que se ubica el proyecto y que en la fase de ponderación se manifieste cierto nivel de influencia del contexto mundial, al menos en las dimensiones social y económica

Gravidez na Síndrome de Marfan – dois casos clínicos

Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder, autosomal dominant, which affects multiple organ systems, namely the cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal. Morbidity and mortality result primarily from aortic and cardiac complications including dilatation, dissection and rupture of the aorta. As a result, pregnancy in women with the Marfan syndrome has an increased risk. Main causes of complications are related with hemodynamic and hormonal modifications caused by pregnancy. The approach to pregnancy in patients with this syndrome is challenging and deserves special care. A multidisciplinary surveillance plan should be developed with support from cardiology, maternal fetal medicine, anesthesiology, genetics and pediatrics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cobertura vacunal antigripal durante la COVID, en un entorno laboral

12 p.La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus, puede llegar a los máximos niveles de gravedad, al simultanearse con la gripe anual estacional, para intentar paliar los efectos que estas dos enfermedades pudieran ocasionar, es imprescindible centrarse en la campaña de vacunación frente a la gripe de la temporada 2020-2021, iniciándola precozmente, con una planificación exhaustiva, disponiendo de los recursos materiales necesarios y procurando realizarla en el más corto espacio de tiempo.The coronavirus disease pandemic can reach the highest levels of severity, when combined with the annual seasonal flu, to try to relieve the effects that these two diseases could cause. It is essential to focus on the vaccination campaign against influenza in the 2020-2021 season, starting it early, with exhaustive planning, having the necessary material resources and trying to carry it out in the shortest space of time

Inference of fault and fracture systems beneath the Matatlan waste dump basement, a VLF study

AbstractWe used the VLF technique to infer fault or major fracture zones that might serve as path for contaminant waste fluids in the Matatlan dumpsite, in Guadalajara, western Mexico. To interpret the data we used the Fraser, and Karous-Hjelt filters.Profiles were interpreted with 2D direct modeling based on Karous-Hjelt modified filter (K-H). The Fraser and Karous-Hjelt conjugated filter were applied to the entire data. The results of both techniques show similarities in the directions and positions of anomalous features, which are assumed fault or fracture zones. We observed one fault zone at the centre of the site, with a NEE-SWW strike. Other important inferred structures have NW-SE directions at the western part of the site.The cooperative use of both techniques, based on K-H filter and the Fraser filter give results as an N-S inferred structure in the westernmost part of the zone, as well as NW-SE linear anomalies, mainly in the western half of the site. The N-S structure has the same direction as that of Rio Grande de Santiago Canyon. The NW-SE features coincide with the directions of the Tepic-Zacoalco rift. Others NE-SW lineaments are located towards the centre of the area. These facts coincide strongly with the predominance of fracture groups show in the fracture analysis. The inferred structures could serve as conduits for the leachates to migrate towards the Coyula canyon as well as towards the Rio Grande de Santiago Canyon.Statistic analysis of fracture orientations showed N-S (A), N75-80E (B), N60-65W (C), and N25-30W (D) main directions, and N45-55E (E), and 90E (F) secondary directions. Group A coincides with the direction of the Rio Grande de Santiago Canyon, whereas pattern F have the same direction as Coyula Canyon

Desarrollo de un robot móvil diferencial controlado mediante un algoritmo de búsqueda con redes neuronales.

The following technical project details the design, assembly and programming of the autonomy of a mobile diagnostic robot was mobilized in semi-structured environments based on neural networks and a mapping algorithm in order that the displacement of the same is efficient in reference to the distance traveled between two points A and B. In the first instance the robot maps the environment identifying all the nodes for what is mobilized, being these areas with more than one possible route as for example bifurcations, total crosses, T-crosses, it should be noted that for this project is not taken into account as nodes the obligatory turns such as the dead-end path in order to optimize the processing time of the neural network. Once the robot maps all its surroundings, it sends a nuance of nodes to the neural network to continue with the learning algorithm for the convergence of the neural network, the Hopfield red which is unsupervised learning in its discrete form. Through the recovery algorithm the neural network identifies input patterns, to finally produce the next displacements of the robot. At the end, select the shortest route between departure and arrival.En el siguiente proyecto técnico se detalla el diseño, el ensamblaje y la programación de la autonomía de un robot móvil diferencial destinado a movilizarse en ambientes semiestructurados basado en redes neuronales y un algoritmo de mapeo con el fin de que el desplazamiento del mismo sea eficiente en referencia a la distancia recorrida entre dos puntos A y B. En primera instancia el robot mapea el entorno identificando todos los nodos por lo que se moviliza, siendo estos zonas con más de una posible ruta como por ejemplos bifurcaciones, cruces totales, cruces en T, cabe recalcar que para este proyecto no se toman en cuenta como nodos los giros obligatorios como por ejemplo el camino sin salida con el fin de optimizar el tiempo de procesamiento de la red neuronal. Una vez que el robot mapea todo su entorno envía una matiz de nodos a la red neuronal para proseguir con el algoritmo de aprendizaje. Para la convergencia de la red neuronal, se utilizó la red de Hopfield la cual es de aprendizaje no supervisado en su forma discreta. Mediante el algoritmo de recuperación la red neuronal identifica patrones de entrada, para finalmente producir los respectivos desplazamientos del robot. Al final selecciona la ruta más corta entre la salida y la llegada

Estimating Evapotranspiration of an Apple Orchard Using a Remote Sensing-Based Soil Water Balance

The main goal of this research was to estimate the actual evapotranspiration (ETc) of a drip-irrigated apple orchard located in the semi-arid region of Talca Valley (Chile) using a remote sensing-based soil water balance model. The methodology to estimate ETc is a modified version of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) dual crop coefficient approach, in which the basal crop coefficient (Kcb) was derived from the soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) calculated from satellite images and incorporated into a daily soil water balance in the root zone. A linear relationship between the Kcb and SAVI was developed for the apple orchard Kcb = 1.82 SAVI 0.07 (R2 = 0.95). The methodology was applied during two growing seasons (2010–2011 and 2012–2013), and ETc was evaluated using latent heat fluxes (LE) from an eddy covariance system. The results indicate that the remote sensing-based soil water balance estimated ETc reasonably well over two growing seasons. The root mean square error (RMSE) between the measured and simulated ETc values during 2010–2011 and 2012–2013 were, respectively, 0.78 and 0.74 mm day1, which mean a relative error of 25%. The index of agreement (d) values were, respectively, 0.73 and 0.90. In addition, the weekly ETc showed better agreement. The proposed methodology could be considered as a useful tool for scheduling irrigation and driving the estimation of water requirements over large areas for apple orchards

Effects of Surface Heterogeneity Due to Drip Irrigation on Scintillometer Estimates of Sensible, Latent Heat Fluxes and Evapotranspiration over Vineyards

Accurate estimates of sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat fluxes and actual evapotranspiration (ET) are required for monitoring vegetation growth and improved agricultural water management. A large aperture scintillometer (LAS) was used to provide these estimates with the objective of quantifying the effects of surface heterogeneity due to soil moisture and vegetation growth variability. The study was conducted over drip-irrigated vineyards located in a semi-arid region in Albacete, Spain during summer 2007. Surface heterogeneity was characterized by integrating eddy covariance (EC) observations of H, LE and ET; land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from Landsat and MODIS sensors; LST from an infrared thermometer (IRT); a data fusion model; and a two-source surface energy balance model. The EC observations showed 16% lack of closure during unstable atmospheric conditions and was corrected using the residual method. The comparison between the LAS and EC measurements of H, LE, and ET showed root mean square difference (RMSD) of 25 W m−2, 19 W m−2, and 0.41 mm day−1, respectively. LAS overestimated H and underestimated both LE and ET by 24 W m−2, 34 W m−2, and 0.36 mm day−1, respectively. The effects of soil moisture on LAS measurement of H was evaluated using the Bowen ratio, β. Discrepancies between HLAS and HEC were higher at β ≤ 0.5 but improved at 1 ≥ β \u3e 0.5 and β \u3e 1.0 with R2 of 0.76, 0.78, and 0.82, respectively. Variable vineyard growth affected LAS performance as its footprints saw lower NDVILAS compared to that of the EC (NDVIEC) by ~0.022. Surface heterogeneity increased during wetter periods, as characterized by the LST–NDVI space and temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI). As TVDI increased (decreased) during drier (wetter) conditions, the discrepancies between HLAS and HEC, as well as LELAS and LEEC Re decreased (increased). Thresholds of TVDI of 0.3, 0.25, and 0.5 were identified, above which better agreements between LAS and EC estimates of H, LE, and ET, respectively, were obtained. These findings highlight the effectiveness and ability of LAS in monitoring vegetation growth over heterogonous areas with variable soil moisture, its potential use in supporting irrigation scheduling and agricultural water management over large regions