On the Inoculation of the HST (Hamazaki) Virus Isolated From Yoshida Tumor on Emb-ryonated Eggs

HST virus which was isolated in 1950 from the roshida ascites tumor by Hamazaki and his associates is a pantropic virus which creates a unique inflammatory granulation in mice. When virus of an acute infections disease was inoculated on embryonated eggs, not only the egg membrane but also the chick embryo were infected more or less, and when the number of virus increased the chick embryo died, terminating the development of the egg. However, the tumor inducing virus which represents the Rous virus does not cause heavy disturbances in the embryo and it is well known that chick hatched from this egg can long maintain health unless it is subjected to a provocative factor. HST virus is no exception to this example and though it is inoculated on an embryonated egg it does not cause any serious disturbance on the embryo. The tissue changes of the chorio allantois infected by the &#34;Virus were the focal proliferation and necrosis of ectodermal epithelium, the proliferation of the mesenchymal cells of the mesodermal layer adjacent to these foci, accompaning infiltration of lymphoid cells and leukocytes with edema, especially eosinophilic leukocytes. By these tissue changes a terrace-shaped thickening of the membrane was the result. In the viscera of the chick embryo a special change in the liver was seen, i. e., along the edge of the liver greyish white nodules submacroscopic to miliary in size appeared. The principal pathologic change of the foci is the coagulation necrosis of the liver parenchyma and only a slight infiltration about the periphery of the foci was observed. Moreover, proliferation of mesenchymal cells occurred next to the walls of the large blood vessels of the liver (principally, the portal veins) and with the added infiltration of a small number of lymphoid cells and leukocytes sharply defined nodular foci were formed. Though this was a rare instnace, similar pathologic changes were seen also in the walls of the blood vessels of the cerebrum stem of the embryo and along the periphery local gliosis was observed.</p

Inversion Phenomena of the Anisotropies of the Hamiltonian and the Wave-Function in the Distorted Diamond Type Spin Chain

We investigate the ground-sate phase diagram of the XXZ version of the S=1/2 distorted diamond chain by use of the degenerate perturbation theory near the truncation point. In case of the XY-like interaction anisotropy, the phase diagram consists of the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. For the Ising-like interaction anisotropy case, it consists of three phases: the ferrimagnetic phase, the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. The magnetization in the ferrimagnetic phase is 1/3 of the saturation magnetization. The remarkable nature of the phase diagram is the existence of the Neel phase, although the interaction anisotropy is XY-like. And also, the spin-fluid phase appears in spite of the Ising-like interaction anisotropy. We call these regions "inversion regions".Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Impact of polyplex micelles installed with cyclic RGD peptide as ligand on gene delivery to vascular lesions

Gene therapy is expected to open a new strategy for the treatment of refractory vascular diseases, so the development of appropriate gene vectors for vascular lesions is needed. To realize this requirement with a non-viral approach, cyclo(RGDfK) peptide (cRGD) was introduced to block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polycation carrying ethylenediamine units (PEG-PAsp(DET)). cRGD recognizes &#x3b1;v&#x3b2;3 and &#x3b1;v&#x3b2;5 integrins, which are abundantly expressed in vascular lesions. cRGD-conjugated PEG-PAsp(DET) (cRGD-PEG-PAsp(DET)) formed polyplex micelles through complexation with plasmid DNA (pDNA), and the cRGD-PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles achieved significantly more efficient gene expression and cellular uptake as compared with PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Intracellular tracking of pDNA showed that cRGD-PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles were internalized via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, which is associated with a pathway avoiding lysosomal degradation, and that PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles were transported to acidic endosomes and lysosomes via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Further, in vivo evaluation in rat carotid artery with a neointimal lesion revealed that cRGD-PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles realized sustained gene expression, while PEG-PAsp(DET) micelles facilitated rapid but transient gene expression. These findings suggest that introduction of cRGD to polyplex micelles might create novel and useful functions for gene transfer and contribute to the establishment of efficient gene therapy for vascular diseases

Reinforcement Learning of Stable Trajectory for Quasi-Passive Dynamic Walking of an Unstable Biped Robot

Biped walking is one of the major research targets in recent humanoid robotics, and many researchers are now interested in Passive Dynamic Walking (PDW) [McGeer (1990)] rather than that by the conventional Zero Moment Point (ZMP) criterion [Vukobratovic (1972)]. The ZMP criterion is usually used for planning a desired trajectory to be tracked by

Local sympathetic neurons promote neutrophil egress from the bone marrow at the onset of acute inflammation

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in International Immunology following peer review. The version of record Tomoka Ao, Junichi Kikuta, Takao Sudo, Yutaka Uchida, Kenta Kobayashi, Masaru Ishii, Local sympathetic neurons promote neutrophil egress from the bone marrow at the onset of acute inflammation, International Immunology, Volume 32, Issue 11, November 2020, Pages 727–736. is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxaa025

Integrated analysis of cell shape and movement in moving frame

形を変えながら動く3次元物体の解析手法の提唱 --動くから形が変わるのか、形を変えることで動くのか--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-03-31.The cell's movement and morphological change are two interrelated cellular processes. An integrated analysis is needed to explore the relationship between them. However, it has been challenging to investigate them as a whole. The cell's trajectory can be described by its speed, curvature, and torsion. On the other hand, the three-dimensional (3D) cell shape can be studied by using a shape descriptor such as spherical harmonic (SH) descriptor, which is an extension of a Fourier transform in 3D space. We propose a novel method using parallel-transport (PT) to integrate these shape-movement data by using moving frames as the 3D-shape coordinate system. This moving frame is purely determined by the velocity vector. On this moving frame, the movement change will influence the coordinate system for shape analysis. By analyzing the change of the SH coefficients over time in the moving frame, we can observe the relationship between shape and movement. We illustrate the application of our approach using simulated and real datasets in this paper