Evaluation of bacterial strains for the induction of plant biochemicals, nutritional contents and isozymes in barley

The controlled placement of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in poly­(styrene-<i>b</i>-isoprene-<i>b</i>-styrene) [SIS] triblock copolymer thin films was achieved by tuning the surface chemistry of the AuNPs. Facile thiol ligand exchanges permitted quick and thorough exploration of the surface chemistry effects on AuNP segregation behavior. By using thiol-functionalized polystyrene (PS-SH) or 1-dodecanethiol (C₁₂SH) ligands to tune nanoparticle surface chemistry, AuNPs were selectively incorporated into either the polystyrene (PS) or the polyisoprene (PI) domains. Nanocomposite polymer films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and TEM tomography. AuNPs synthesized with a C₁₂SH capping ligand preferentially segregated into PI-rich domains. However, after exchanging C₁₂SH with PS-SH ligands to a C₁₂SH:PS-SH molar ratio of approximately 5:1, AuNPs showed an affinity for PS-rich domains. The C₁₂SH:PS-SH transition ratio was much higher than expected, based on molecule-averaged surface energy arguments that predicted a ratio of 0.4:1 to 0.8:1. The unexpected transition ratio was rationalized according to the area-averaged enthalpic contributions of the capping ligands. Furthermore, mixing and incorporating PI- and PS-preferential AuNPs created a well-mixed nanocomposite, which highlights the versatility of the AuNPs

Penerapan Metode Active Learning Pada Pencapaian Akademik Mahasiswa PAI

Pada era modern, pendidikan menjadi kebutuhan utama manusia dalam menjalani kehidupannya serta menjadi salah satu indikator utama kemajuan sebuah peradaban umat manusia. Metode mengajar merupakan salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan, karena&nbsp; merupakan teknik atau cara seseorang untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan model Active Learning yang diterapkan, dampak positif dan negatif metode Active Learning, faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan metode Active Learning pada pencapaian akademik mahasiswa PAI IAIN Madura. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penilitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan analisis data (analisis, reduksi, penarikan kesimpulan). Berdasarkan hasil temuan lapangan baik observasi ataupun wawancara diperoleh hasil bahwa metode Active Learning yang di terapkan yakni berupa pembelajaran kelompok koperatif, tanya jawab dan diskusi baik secara langsung maupun secara daring. Adanya metode Active Learning yang demikian, dianggap Mampu&nbsp; mestimulus mahasiswa untuk berfikir aktif, dan ktitis namun di sisi yang berbeda penerapan metode Active Learning tidak dapat menjangkau mahasiswa pasif dalam kemajemukan kelas. Faktor yang menjadi pendukung dari metode Active Learning ini yakni adanya kerjasama interaktif antara pendidik dan peserta didik dalam melangsungkan KBM. namun yang menjadi&nbsp; faktor penghambatnya yakni kemampuan peserta didik yang berbeda dan ketika KBM dilaksanakan secara daring maka jaringan internet menjadi indikator utama.Pada era modern, pendidikan menjadi kebutuhan utama manusia dalam menjalani kehidupannya serta menjadi salah satu indikator utama kemajuan sebuah peradaban umat manusia. Metode mengajar merupakan salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan, karena&nbsp; merupakan teknik atau cara seseorang untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan model Active Learning yang diterapkan, dampak positif dan negatif metode Active Learning, faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan metode Active Learning pada pencapaian akademik mahasiswa PAI IAIN Madura. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penilitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan analisis data (analisis, reduksi, penarikan kesimpulan). Berdasarkan hasil temuan lapangan baik observasi ataupun wawancara diperoleh hasil bahwa metode Active Learning yang di terapkan yakni berupa pembelajaran kelompok koperatif, tanya jawab dan diskusi baik secara langsung maupun secara daring. Adanya metode Active Learning yang demikian, dianggap Mampu&nbsp; mestimulus mahasiswa untuk berfikir aktif, dan ktitis namun di sisi yang berbeda penerapan metode Active Learning tidak dapat menjangkau mahasiswa pasif dalam kemajemukan kelas. Faktor yang menjadi pendukung dari metode Active Learning ini yakni adanya kerjasama interaktif antara pendidik dan peserta didik dalam melangsungkan KBM. namun yang menjadi&nbsp; faktor penghambatnya yakni kemampuan peserta didik yang berbeda dan ketika KBM dilaksanakan secara daring maka jaringan internet menjadi indikator utama

The Stromal Expression of CD-10 in Breast Carcinoma and its Association with Estrogen, Progesterone receptors, Her2Neu and Tumor Grade

Introduction: In previous studies, role of stromal component in epithelial malignancies has been highlighted. CD10 is a member of metalloproteinase family that breaks down the protein components of extracellular matrix and epithelial tissue remodeling thus playing an important role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. To evaluate CD 10 expression in breast carcinoma and assess its association with grade of the tumor, ER, PR and Her 2 Neu status. Methodology: The study was carried in Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital (FGPH) and Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabadԁ. Immunohistochemical panel of CD 10, ER, PR and Her 2 was applied to 171 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. The association of CD 10 anԁ ER/PR status was evaluated. Results: Among 171 cases of breast carcinoma, 77.8% cases were CD-10 positive. A total of 65.5% of ER negative cases expressed strongly positive CD-10 in the stroma as compared to 37.2% of ER positive cases (P=0.001).&nbsp; In 64.4% of PR negative cases expressed strong positivity of CD-10 in the stroma compareԁ with 37.5% (42/112) PR positive cases (P=0.001). The association of CD-10 with HER-2-NEU was not significant (P=0.749).&nbsp; Association of high-grade tumor with CD 10 was not statistically significant (P=0.258). Conclusion: It was observed that CD10 expression is associated with negative ER, PR status and with higher grades of the tumors, showing its prognostic significance. Key Words: Breast cancer, CD 10, Estrogen receptors, HER2neu, Progesterone receptors &nbsp

Ethical leadership, work engagement, employees??? well-being, and performance: a cross-cultural comparison

Unethical behaviours, such as blaming subordinates for their shortcomings, taking credit of others' work, favouritism, and excessive publicising of ethical leadership failures are prominent among the leaders of the organisation. Although research has been conducted on ethical culture, particularly on the causes and effects of ethical-decision, few studies emphasised on the topics outside the business ethics research, such as employee well-being. Therefore, this study focused on the mediating effects of organisational ethical culture on the relationship between ethical leadership, work engagement, employees' well-being, and performance. The data collection process involved the distribution of highly structured questionnaires to 697 employees working in Italian and Pakistani hospitality industry. This was followed by the analysis of cultural differences through measurement invariance tests and mediation techniques. As a result, it was found that ethical leadership and ethical culture have positive impact on employee wellbeing, work engagement and financial performance where ethical culture has relatively stronger influence on financial performance. The results also revealed that ethical leadership had a relatively stronger impact on the well-being of the Italian employees compared to Pakistani employees. However, the association between ethical leadership and work engagement was stronger among Pakistani employees. The study implications, limitations, and future research directions were presented hereunder