A study on the isolation of leukemia virus of AKR mouse by fluorocarbon

The authors have succeeded in isolating a biologically-active leukemia virus from leukemic tissues of AKR mice with a fluorocarbon. From the chemical analysis of the biologically-active virus fraction it has been clarified that the AKR leukemia virus is of the RNA type.</p

Energy Distribution in Electrical Discharge Machining with Graphite Electrode

In EDM, the machining characteristics greatly depend on the energy distribution. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the energy distribution for understanding various phenomena in EDM. In this paper, the energy distribution in EDM with graphite electrode is investigated by measuring the temperatures of electrode and workpiece. Experimental analysis shows that the material removal rate depends on energy density while the electrode wear greatly depends on the adhesion of heat resolved carbon from machining fluid, and the energies distributed into electrode and workpiece are almost constant regardless of pulse duration

Susceptibility of tenascin to degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and serine proteinases

AbstractThe degradation of tenascin purified from human melanoma cells was examined by treatment with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and serine proteinases. Among eight different types of proteinases examined, MMP-1, -3, and -7, cathepsin G and leukocyte elastase could digest tenascin, but MMP-2, MMP-9 and thrombin did not. This suggests that tenascin may be readily catabolized by extracellular matrix-degrading proteinases found in the pathophysiological conditions

Studies on the Electrolysis of Sodium Sulfate Solution

Presented at The Indianapolis Meeting of The Electrochemical Society, May 3, 1961.The electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution by the 1500 amp. vertical mercury cell was investigated. Lead alloy containing 2% Ag and 1% Te was selected as the anode, and fine porous rubber sheet or blue asbestos cloth were used as the diaphragm. The concentrations of sulfuric acid and caustic soda obtained were 200-250 g/l H₂SO₄ and 30-40% NaOH, respectively, under the condition of 30 amp/dm² of current density by continuous operation. The terminal voltage was less than 5.0 volts and the current efficiency and the consumption of the anode were 90% and 2-3 mg/AH, respectively

Holes in the valence band of superconducting boron-doped diamond film studied by soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy

Carbon- and boron-2$p$ states of superconducting and non-superconducting boron-doped diamond samples are measured using soft X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy. For the superconducting sample, a large density of hole states is observed in the valence band in addition to the states in the impurity band. The hole states in the valence band is located at about 1.3 eV below the valence band maximum regardless of the doping level, which cannot be interpreted within a simple rigid band model. Present experimental results, combined with the first principles calculations, suggest that superconductivity is to be attributed to the holes in the valence band.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Evidence of mature adipocyte proliferation regulated by proliferin

Despite much research, whether mature adipocytes proliferate remains controversial. Here, we examined 5-bromo-2&#x2032;-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labelling of mature adipocytes. Although BrdU incorporation into subcutaneous adipocytes was less than that in visceral adipocytes, pioglitazone (Pio) treatment increased BrdU incorporation in subcutaneous, but not visceral, adipocytes in rats. Fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes exhibited an increase in cell number and BrdU incorporation with time, with this increase enhanced by Pio treatment. We therefore screened for genes that encode growth factors regulated by Pio, and selected proliferin (PLF). Both gene silencing of PLF by small interfering RNA and treatment with anti-PLF antibody suppressed proliferation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In adipocytes isolated from Pio-treated rats, the tissue-specific pattern of PLF expression was similar to that of BrdU incorporation. Administration of an anti-PLF antibody to mice reduced BrdU incorporation into adipocytes. Mature adipocytes thus have the ability to replicate, and this proliferation is positively regulated by PLF