Apport de l'imagerie par résonance magnétique pour le diagnostic de récidive locale du cancer du sein après traitement conservateur

But de l'étude: L'objectif a été d'évaluer les performances diagnostiques de l'IRM mammaire dans les récidives locales du cancer du sein après traitement conservateur par rapport au bilan sénologique conventionnel, dans un Centre Régional de Lutte Contre Le Cancer. Méthode : 72 patientes ont bénéficié d'une IRM mammaire dynamique avec traitement des images par soustraction, à la suite d'un bilan sénologique de surveillance suspect (clinique, mammographie, échographie). Nous avons effectué, dans tous les cas, une analyse qualitative et dans 32 cas, une analyse quantitative de l'IRM. Résultats : L'IRM a diagnostiqué 36 des 41 récidives prouvées. ... Conclusion: Notre étude a confirmé la plus haute sensibilité et spécificité de l'IRM mammaire dans le diagnostic de récidive locale du cancer du sein. L'analyse quantitative de l'IRM a été une aide intéressante pour caractériser les rehaussements situés en périphérie de nécrose adipeuse, en améliorant la spécificité.NANTES-BU Médecine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Brca2 is involved in meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana as suggested by its interaction with Dmc1

Two BRCA2-like sequences are present in the Arabidopsis genome. Both genes are expressed in flower buds and encode nearly identical proteins, which contain four BRC motifs. In a yeast two-hybrid assay, the Arabidopsis Brca2 proteins interact with Rad51 and Dmc1. RNAi constructs aimed at silencing the BRCA2 genes at meiosis triggered a reproducible sterility phenotype, which was associated with dramatic meiosis alterations. We obtained the same phenotype upon introduction of RNAi constructs aimed at silencing the RAD51 gene at meiosis in dmc1 mutant plants. The meiotic figures we observed strongly suggest that homologous recombination is highly disturbed in these meiotic cells, leaving aberrant recombination events to repair the meiotic double-strand breaks. The ‘brca2' meiotic phenotype was eliminated in spo11 mutant plants. Our experiments point to an essential role of Brca2 at meiosis in Arabidopsis. We also propose a role for Rad51 in the dmc1 context

Underestimation Rate at MR Imaging–guided Vacuum-assisted Breast Biopsy: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study of 1509 Breast Biopsies

International audiencePurpose To assess the rate of underestimation of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy and to explore the imaging, demographic, and histologic characteristics associated with lesion upgrade after surgery. Materials and Methods This retrospective study had institutional review board approval, and the need to obtain informed patient consent was waived. A total of 1509 MR imaging-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy procedures were performed in nine centers. A diagnosis of ADH was obtained after biopsy in 72 cases, and a diagnosis of DCIS was obtained in 118 cases. Pearson χ2 and Fisher tests were used to assess the association between demographic, MR imaging, and biopsy features and lesion upgrade. Univariate statistical analyses were performed, and each significant parameter was entered into a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Surgical excision was performed in 66 of the 72 ADH cases and in 117 of 118 DCIS cases. The ADH and DCIS underestimation rates were 25.8% (17 of 66) and 23.1% (27 of 117), respectively. Underestimation was 5.6-fold (odds ratio [OR] = 5.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7, 18.3) and 3.6-fold (OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.2, 10) more likely in mass (n = 20 for ADH and n = 20 for DCIS) than in non-mass (n = 46 for ADH and n = 97 for DCIS), compared with nonunderestimation, in ADH and DCIS respectively. At multivariate analysis, the use of a 9- or 10-gauge needle versus a 7- or 8-gauge needle was also an independently associated with underestimation when a diagnosis of ADH was made at MR imaging-guided biopsy. No other parameters were associated with of ADH or DCIS upgrade at surgery. Conclusion The rates of underestimation in ADH and DCIS diagnosed at MR imaging-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy were high, at around 25%, and were significantly associated with the presence of a mass at MR imaging. © RSNA, 2016

Opérer ou non une lésion atypique du sein ? Prise en compte de l’anxiété dans l’aide à la décision partagée à partir d’une cohorte prospective de 300 patientes

INTRODUCTION: Organized and individual breast screening have been accompanied by an increase in the detection of "atypical breast lesions "(ABL). Recently, the NOMAT multicenter study proposed a predictive model of the risk of developing breast cancer after detection of an ABL in order to avoid surgical removal of "low-risk" lesions. It also aimed to provide information on psychological experience, in particularly anxiety, to assist in the shared medical decision process. METHODS: Three hundred women undergoing surgery for ABL were included between 2015 and 2018 at 18 French centers. Women completed questionnaires before and after surgery assessing their level of anxiety (STAI-State, STAI-Trait), their level of tolerance to uncertainty, their perceived risk of developing a breast cancer, and their satisfaction with the management care. RESULTS: One hundred nighty nine patients completed the STAI-Status before and after surgery. Overall, a decrease in anxiety level (35.4 vs 42.7, p<0.001) was observed. Anxious temperament and greater intolerance to uncertainty were significantly associated swith decreased anxiety (33%), whereas younger age was associated with increased anxiety (8%). CONCLUSION: Surgery for ABL seems to be associated with only a few cases with an increase in anxiety and seems to increase the perception of the risk of developing breast cancer. Taking into account the psychological dimension remains in all cases essential in the process of shared therapeutic decision.INTRODUCTION: Les dépistages mammaires organisés et individuels se sont accompagnés d’une augmentation de la détection de lésions « frontières » (LF). Récemment, l’étude multicentrique NOMAT a proposé un modèle prédictif du risque de développer un cancer après détection d’une LF afin d’éviter l’exérèse chirurgicale de lésions à « bas risque ». Elle avait également pour objectif de renseigner le vécu psychologique, notamment l’anxiété, afin d’orienter le processus de décision médicale partagée. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES : Trois cents femmes opérées pour une LF du sein ont été incluses entre 2015 et 2018 dans 18 centres français. Les femmes remplissaient avant et après chirurgie des questionnaires évaluant leurs niveaux d’anxiété situationnelle et habituelle (STAI-Etat et Trait) et d’intolérance à l’incertitude, leur perception du risque de développer un cancer et leur satisfaction vis-à-vis de la prise en charge. RÉSULTATS : Cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf femmes ont complété le STAI-Etat avant et après chirurgie. Globalement, une diminution du niveau d’anxiété (35,4 vs. 42,7, p < 0,001) a été observée. Un tempérament anxieux et une plus grande intolérance à l’incertitude étaient significativement associés à une diminution de l’anxiété (33 % des femmes), tandis qu’un plus jeune âge était associé à une augmentation de l’anxiété (8 % des femmes). CONCLUSION : La chirurgie des LF ne semble s’associer que dans très peu de cas à une augmentation de l’anxiété et ne fait évoluer qu’à la marge la perception du risque de développer un cancer. La prise en compte de la dimension psychologique reste dans tous les cas essentielle dans la décision médicale partagée

Prospective Multicenter Study Validate a Prediction Model for Surgery Uptake Among Women with Atypical Breast Lesions

International audienceBackground: Diagnosis of atypical breast lesions (ABLs) leads to unnecessary surgery in 75-90% of women. We have previously developed a model including age, complete radiological target excision after biopsy, and focus size that predicts the probability of cancer at surgery. The present study aimed to validate this model in a prospective multicenter setting.- methods: Women with a recently diagnosed ABL on image-guided biopsy were recruited in 18 centers, before wire-guided localized excisional lumpectomy. Primary outcome was the negative predictive value (NPV) of the model.Results: The NOMAT model could be used in 287 of the 300 patients included (195 with ADH). At surgery, 12 invasive (all grade 1), and 43 in situ carcinomas were identified (all ABL: 55/287, 19%; ADH only: 49/195, 25%). The area under the receiving operating characteristics curve of the model was 0.64 (95% CI 0.58-0.69) for all ABL, and 0.63 for ADH only (95% CI 0.56-0.70). For the pre-specified threshold of 20% predicted probability of cancer, NPV was 82% (77-87%) for all ABL, and 77% (95% CI 71-83%) for patients with ADH. At a 10% threshold, NPV was 89% (84-94%) for all ABL, and 85% (95% CI 78--92%) for the ADH. At this threshold, 58% of the whole ABL population (and 54% of ADH patients) could have avoided surgery with only 2 missed invasive cancers.Conclusion: The NOMAT model could be useful to avoid unnecessary surgery among women with ABL, including for patients with ADH

A French national breast and thyroid cancer screening programme for survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers - DeNaCaPST programme

Abstract Background Survival of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers has increased with progress in the management of the treatments and has reached more than 80% at 5 years. Nevertheless, these survivors are at great risk of second cancers and non-malignant co-morbidities in later life. DeNaCaPST is a non-interventional study whose aim is to organize a national screening for thyroid cancer and breast cancer in survivors of CAYA cancers. It will study the compliance with international recommendations, with the aim, regarding a breast screening programme, of offering for every woman living in France, at equal risk, an equal screening. Method DeNaCaPST trial is coordinated by the INSERM 1018 unit in cooperation with the LEA (French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study for Leukaemia) study’s coordinators, the long term follow up committee and the paediatric radiation committee of the SFCE (French Society of Childhood Cancers). A total of 35 centres spread across metropolitan France and la Reunion will participate. FCCSS (French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study), LEA and central registry will be interrogated to identify eligible patients. To participate, centers agreed to perform a complete “long-term follow-up consultations” according to good clinical practice and the guidelines of the SFCE (French Society of Children Cancers). Discussion As survival has greatly improved in childhood cancers, detection of therapy-related malignancies has become a priority even if new radiation techniques will lead to better protection for organs at risk. International guidelines have been put in place because of the evidence for increased lifetime risk of breast and thyroid cancer. DeNaCaPST is based on these international recommendations but it is important to recognize that they are based on expert consensus opinion and are supported by neither nonrandomized observational studies nor prospective randomized trials in this specific population. Over-diagnosis is a phenomenon inherent in any screening program and therefore such programs must be evaluated

Additional file 2: Document 1. of A French national breast and thyroid cancer screening programme for survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers - DeNaCaPST programme

List of involved centers or hospitals. (DOCX 12 kb

Additional file 1: Document 2. of A French national breast and thyroid cancer screening programme for survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers - DeNaCaPST programme

Survey about LTFU care and specific questions about second cancers. (DOCX 13 kb