687 research outputs found
LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: Partners in crime in Parkinson's disease?
3noopenopenRusso, Isabella*; Bubacco, Luigi; Greggio, ElisaRusso, Isabella; Bubacco, Luigi; Greggio, Elis
PCSK9 Biology and Its Role in Atherothrombosis
It is now about 20 years since the first case of a gain-of-function mutation involving the as-yet-unknown actor in cholesterol homeostasis, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), was described. It was soon clear that this protein would have been of huge scientific and clinical value as a therapeutic strategy for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) management. Indeed, PCSK9 is a serine protease belonging to the proprotein convertase family, mainly produced by the liver, and essential for metabolism of LDL particles by inhibiting LDL receptor (LDLR) recirculation to the cell surface with the consequent upregulation of LDLR-dependent LDL-C levels. Beyond its effects on LDL metabolism, several studies revealed the existence of additional roles of PCSK9 in different stages of atherosclerosis, also for its ability to target other members of the LDLR family. PCSK9 from plasma and vascular cells can contribute to the development of atherosclerotic plaque and thrombosis by promoting platelet activation, leukocyte recruitment and clot formation, also through mechanisms not related to systemic lipid changes. These results further supported the value for the potential cardiovascular benefits of therapies based on PCSK9 inhibition. Actually, the passive immunization with anti-PCSK9 antibodies, evolocumab and alirocumab, is shown to be effective in dramatically reducing the LDL-C levels and attenuating CVD. While monoclonal antibodies sequester circulating PCSK9, inclisiran, a small interfering RNA, is a new drug that inhibits PCSK9 synthesis with the important advantage, compared with PCSK9 mAbs, to preserve its pharmacodynamic effects when administrated every 6 months. Here, we will focus on the major understandings related to PCSK9, from its discovery to its role in lipoprotein metabolism, involvement in atherothrombosis and a brief excursus on approved current therapies used to inhibit its action
Nuclear-cytoplasmic Shuttling in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Implications in Leukemia Maintenance and Therapy
Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling is a highly regulated and complex process, which involves both proteins and nucleic acids. Changes in cellular compartmentalization of various proteins, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors, affect cellular behavior, promoting or inhibiting proliferation, apoptosis and sensitivity to therapies. In this review, we will recapitulate the role of various shuttling components in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and we will provide insights on the potential role of shuttling proteins as therapeutic targets
Learning online: Remote teaching and university student’s engagement
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on many dimensions of
living and working conditions, and uncertainties about the developments that we shall
still face in the near future. This paper analyses the implications of a forced overnight
push to online teaching. Drawing upon an online survey conducted during the 2020
lockdown by the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, this article describes students'
living and studying conditions revealed by a large set of open and closed questions. The
survey provides significant information on the students' real off-campus conditions,
crucial data for the multidimensional analysis by combining non-parametric multivariate
analysis of closed questions with textual analyses. It offers important indications about
the most useful tools for inclusive teaching across thematic areas and highlights the main
difficulties that emerged during the lockdown. Reflections on advantages and
disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses in the innovative learning environment set up
overnight are offered at a policy level
Learning online: Remote teaching and university students’ engagement
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on many dimensions of
living and working conditions, and uncertainties about the developments that we shall still
face in the near future. This paper analyses the implications of a forced overnight push to
online teaching. Drawing upon an online survey conducted during the 2020 lockdown by
the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, this article describes students’ living and
studying conditions revealed by a large set of open and closed questions. The survey
provides significant information on the students’ real off-campus conditions, crucial data
for the multidimensional analysis by combining non-parametric multivariate analysis of
closed questions with textual analyses. It offers important indications about the most useful
tools for inclusive teaching across thematic areas and highlights the main difficulties that
emerged during the lockdown. Reflections on advantages and disadvantages, strengths and
weaknesses in the innovative learning environment set up overnight are offered at a policy
level
First report outside Eastern Europe of West Nile virus lineage 2 related to the Volgograd 2007 strain, northeastern Italy, 2014
open11noWest Nile virus (WNV) is a Flavivirus transmitted to vertebrate hosts by mosquitoes, maintained in nature through an enzootic bird-mosquito cycle. In Europe the virus became of major public health and veterinary concern in the 1990s. In Italy, WNV re-emerged in 2008, ten years after the previous outbreak and is currently endemic in many areas of the country. In particular, the northeastern part of Italy experience continuous viral circulation, with human outbreaks caused by different genovariants of WNV lineage 1, Western-European and Mediterranean subcluster, and WNV lineage 2, Hungarian clade. Alongside the WNV National Surveillance Program that has been in place since 2002, regional surveillance plans were implemented after 2008 targeting mosquitoes, animals and humans.openRavagnan, Silvia; Montarsi, Fabrizio; Cazzin, Stefania; Porcellato, Elena; Russo, Francesca; Palei, Manlio; Monne, Isabella; Savini, Giovanni; Marangon, Stefano; Barzon, Luisa; Capelli, GioiaRavagnan, Silvia; Montarsi, Fabrizio; Cazzin, Stefania; Porcellato, Elena; Russo, Francesca; Palei, Manlio; Monne, Isabella; Savini, Giovanni; Marangon, Stefano; Barzon, Luisa; Capelli, Gioi
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