Analisis Ketergantungan Fiskal Pemerintah Daerah di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan pada Era Otonomi Daerah

This study aims to determine the level of fiscal dependence of the South Sulawesi Provincial Government by measure the performance / financial capacity of local governments using the degree of Fiscal Decentralization readiness and local governments in financial management, if fully funded by local government revenue and the local revenue sharing funds. Data in the form of research reports Local Government Finance Statistics and the population of South Sulawesi province in 2001-2008. While the analysis method used was descriptive statistics. The results showed that the performance / financial capability of South Sulawesi Provincial Government is still low when measured by the degree of Fiscal Decentralization Indicator, as well as readiness of local government in the face of regional autonomy, especially in finance, as measured by how far the ability of affairs when the financing is fully funded by local government revenue and revenue sharing funds is still low. This illustrates the level of Government Fiscal dependence in this area is still high

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PERSEORANGAN DAN KELOMPOK KECIL (PPKK) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG BENTUK ALJABAR DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 LABUAN

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran perseorangan dan kelompok kecil (PPKK) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada operasi hitung bentuk aljabar kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Labuan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang mengacu pada rancangan penelitian oleh Kemmis dan  Mc. Teggart yang terdiri atas: 1) perencanaan tindakan, 2) pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) pengamatan tindakan, dan 4) refleksi tindakan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII sebanyak 17 orang, dan dipilih 3 orang siswa sebagai informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan model PPKK dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi operasi hitung bentuk aljabar di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Labuan, dengan mengikuti tahap-tahap sebagai berikut: 1) pengantar/pembukaan, 2) informasi, demonstrasi, dan aktivitas perseorangan, 3) informasi, demostrasi, dan aktivitas kelompok, 4) kuis evaluasi dan, 5) penutup.Kata kunci: Model PPKK, aktifitas perseorangan, aktifitas kelompok

Pemanfaatan Layanan Web Keanekaragaman untuk Pengelolaan Informasi Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia

Penelitian ini mengusulkan pemanfaatan layanan web keanekaragaman hayati untuk pengelolaan informasi tumbuhan obat Indonesia. Penyedia layanan web keanekaragaman hayati yang digunakan adalah Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) dan Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). Layanan web tersebut dimanfaatkan untuk melengkapi informasi tumbuhan obat Indonesia. Penyedia layanan web keanekaragaman hayati tersebut memiliki fasilitas untuk membagikan informasi yang dimilikinya. Fasilitas yang disediakan adalah application programming interface (API). Parameter utama yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi-informasi yang diinginkan adalah nama spesies tumbuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GBIF dan EOL dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber infomasi tumbuhan obat Indonesia. Integrasi antara GBIF dan EOL dapat menghasilkan informasi tumbuhan obat menjadi lebih banyak dan beragam

Pirolisis Reject Pulp Menjadi Bio-Oil dengan Menggunakan Katalis NI/NZA

The using and utilization of bio-oil became the main alternative to overcome the problem of dependence on fuel. Bio-oil can be produced from the pyrolysis of reject pulp. Reject pulp can be converted into bio-oil through a pyrolysis process using a Ni/NZA catalyst. The variation of the reaction temperature 290oC, 300oC, 310oC and 320oC. The weight ratio of catalyst with biomass was varied at 0%; 1%; 2%; dan 3%. The pyrolysis processing used nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 80 ml/min. The yield of maximum product was gotten such 88.2%. The bio-oil composition dominance obtained 24,65% Hydroxyl acetone, 22,35% Acetone alcohol, 19,1% Acetic acid, 5,5% 2,3-Dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one and 3,09% 1-Hydroxy-2- butanone

Optimasi Aturan Asosiasi Multidimensi Menggunakan Algoritme Genetika untuk Klasifikasi Kemunculan Titik Panas

Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritme genetika untuk mengoptimalkan pembentukan aturan asosiasi yang dihasilkan dari algoritme apriori. Algoritme apriori diterapkan pada dataset kebakaran hutan dengan daerah penelitian di wilayah Rokan Hilir provinsi Riau. Aturan asosiasi diklasifikasi menggunakan algoritme CPAR (classification based on predictive association rules) untuk mengetahui karakteristik wilayah yang berpotensi munculnya titik panas. Optimasi dalam algoritme genetika dilakukan melalui tahapan: skema pengkodean, evaluasi fitness, seleksi, pindah silang, mutasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini ialah jumlah aturan dapat dikurangi. Jumlah aturan yang dihasilkan yaitu sebanyak 121 aturan pada generasi ke-300 hingga mencapai 108 aturan pada generasi ke-50. Hasil klasifikasi menunjukkan bahwa daerah yang berpotensi timbulnya titik panas yang terdapat pada generasi ke-50 ditemukan pada daerah yang memiliki curah hujan lebih besar dari atau sama dengan 3 mm per hari dan yang memiliki temperatur pada interval 297 Kelvin hingga 298 Kelvin dengan laplace akurasi sebesar 0.76. Pada generasi 150 ditemukan daerah yang memiliki temperatur yaitu pada interval 297 Kelvin hingga 298 Kelvin dengan laplace akurasi sebesar 0.57. Pada generasi 300 ditemukan pada daerah yang memiliki kecepatan angin yaitu pada interval 1 m/s hingga 2 m/s dengan laplace akurasi sebesar 0.70

Experimental Study of an Aluminum-Polysilicon Thermopile for Implementation of Airflow Sensor on Silicon Chip

A multi-directional airflow sensor has been realized. The essential part of the considered sensor is a thermopile configuration, which enables the measurement of flow speed and flow direction. The thermopile is a series arrangement of eight thermocouples. A thermocouple converts a difference in temperature into an electrical signal, by means of the Seebeck effect . The thermocouples are made of aluminum-N-type polysilicon junctions. The incoming flow is heated and the degree of heat transfer by convection to the flow, depends on the speed of the flow; the faster the flow the smaller the heat transfer, which leads to a smaller (Seebeck) output voltage of the thermopiles. After signal conditioning - i.e., filtering and amplification by means of an amplification system - the electrical output signals of the thermopiles are further signal-processed by applying analog-to-digital signal conversion, so that finally the flow speed and the flow direction can be properly displayed on a computer screen. The measured values of the Seebeck coefficient or thermopower (S) were in the range of: 0.43 to 0.68 mV/K which are in good agreement with the values found in the literature: 0.5 to 0.7 mV/K. Moreover, it was found that the flow speed U is proportional to the reciprocal value of the square of the output voltage of the outgoing thermopile

Restoring betatron phase coherence in a beam-loaded laser-wakefield accelerator

Matched beam loading in laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), characterizing the state of flattening of the acceleration electric field along the bunch, leads to the minimization of energy spread at high bunch charges. Here, we demonstrate by independently controlling injected charge and acceleration gradients, using the self-truncated ionization injection scheme, that minimal energy spread coincides with a reduction of the normalized beam divergence. With the simultaneous confirmation of a constant beam radius at the plasma exit, deduced from betatron radiation spectroscopy, we attribute this effect to the reduction of chromatic betatron decoherence. Thus, beam loaded LWFA enables highest longitudinal and transverse phase space densities

Demonstration of a beam loaded nanocoulomb-class laser wakefield accelerator.

Laser-plasma wakefield accelerators have seen tremendous progress, now capable of producing quasi-monoenergetic electron beams in the GeV energy range with few-femtoseconds bunch duration. Scaling these accelerators to the nanocoulomb range would yield hundreds of kiloamperes peak current and stimulate the next generation of radiation sources covering high-field THz, high-brightness X-ray and γ-ray sources, compact free-electron lasers and laboratory-size beam-driven plasma accelerators. However, accelerators generating such currents operate in the beam loading regime where the accelerating field is strongly modified by the self-fields of the injected bunch, potentially deteriorating key beam parameters. Here we demonstrate that, if appropriately controlled, the beam loading effect can be employed to improve the accelerator's performance. Self-truncated ionization injection enables loading of unprecedented charges of ∼0.5 nC within a mono-energetic peak. As the energy balance is reached, we show that the accelerator operates at the theoretically predicted optimal loading condition and the final energy spread is minimized.Higher beam quality and stability are desired in laser-plasma accelerators for their applications in compact light sources. Here the authors demonstrate in laser plasma wakefield electron acceleration that the beam loading effect can be employed to improve beam quality by controlling the beam charge