Data from: Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with untreated mild-moderate hypertension

Background: Microvascular rarefaction influences peripheral vascular resistance, perfusion and metabolism by affecting blood pressure and flow pattern. In hypertension microvascular rarefaction has been described in experimental animal studies as well as in capillaroscopy of skin and biopsies of muscle tissue in patients. Retinal circulation mirrors cerebral microcirculation and allows non-invasive investigations. We compared capillary rarefaction of retinal vessels in hypertensive versus normotensive subjects. Methods: In this study retinal capillary rarefaction in 70 patients with long time (more than 67 month of disease duration) and 64 patients with short time hypertension stage 1 or 2 has been compared to 55 healthy control subjects, who participated in clinical trials in our Clinical Research Center (www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01318395, NCT00627952, NCT00152698, NCT01319344). Retinal vascular parameters have been measured non-invasively and in vivo in perfusion image by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). Capillary rarefaction was assessed by capillary area (CapA) (in pixel-number) and intercapillary distance (ICD) (in μm). Additionally retinal capillary flow (RCF) was measured. Results: ICD was greater in the long time hypertensive group compared to healthy individuals (24.2 ± 6.3 μm vs 20.1 ± 4.2 μm, p = 0.001) and compared to short time hypertensive patients (22.2 ± 5.2 μm, p = 0.020). Long time hypertensive patients showed less CapA compared to healthy people (1462 ± 690 vs 1821 ± 652, p = 0.005). Accordingly, RCF was significantly lower in the long time hypertensive group compared to the healthy control group (282 ± 70 AU vs 314 ± 60 AU, p = 0.032). Our data indicate a lower level of retinal capillary density in hypertensive patients, especially in those with long time hypertension. Conclusion: Patients with hypertension stage 1 or 2 showed retinal capillary rarefaction in comparison to healthy normotensive subjects. Retinal capillary rarefaction was intensified with duration of disease

Data from: Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Purpose: In diabetes mellitus type 2, capillary rarefaction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of end-organ damage. We investigated retinal capillary density in patients with early disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study compares retinal capillary rarefaction determined by intercapillary distance (ICD) and capillary area (CapA), measured non-invasively and in vivo by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry, in 73 patients with type 2 diabetes, 55 healthy controls and 134 individuals with hypertension stage 1 or 2. Results: In diabetic patients, ICD was greater (23.2±5.5 vs 20.2±4.2, p = 0.013) and CapA smaller (1592±595 vs 1821±652, p = 0.019) than in healthy controls after adjustment for differences in cardiovascular risk factors between the groups. Compared to hypertensive patients, diabetic individuals showed no difference in ICD (23.1±5.8, p = 0.781) and CapA (1556±649, p = 0.768). Conclusion: In the early stage of diabetes type 2, patients showed capillary rarefaction compared to healthy individuals

Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with untreated mild-moderate hypertension

Abstract Background Microvascular rarefaction influences peripheral vascular resistance, perfusion and metabolism by affecting blood pressure and flow pattern. In hypertension microvascular rarefaction has been described in experimental animal studies as well as in capillaroscopy of skin and biopsies of muscle tissue in patients. Retinal circulation mirrors cerebral microcirculation and allows non-invasive investigations. We compared capillary rarefaction of retinal vessels in hypertensive versus normotensive subjects. Methods In this study retinal capillary rarefaction in 70 patients with long time (more than 67 month of disease duration) and 64 patients with short time hypertension stage 1 or 2 has been compared to 55 healthy control subjects, who participated in clinical trials in our Clinical Research Center ( www.clinicaltrials.gov : NCT01318395, NCT00627952, NCT00152698, NCT01319344). Retinal vascular parameters have been measured non-invasively and in vivo in perfusion image by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). Capillary rarefaction was assessed by capillary area (CapA) (in pixel-number) and intercapillary distance (ICD) (in μm). Additionally retinal capillary flow (RCF) was measured. Results ICD was greater in the long time hypertensive group compared to healthy individuals (24.2 ± 6.3 μm vs 20.1 ± 4.2 μm, p = 0.001) and compared to short time hypertensive patients (22.2 ± 5.2 μm, p = 0.020). Long time hypertensive patients showed less CapA compared to healthy people (1462 ± 690 vs 1821 ± 652, p = 0.005). Accordingly, RCF was significantly lower in the long time hypertensive group compared to the healthy control group (282 ± 70 AU vs 314 ± 60 AU, p = 0.032). Our data indicate a lower level of retinal capillary density in hypertensive patients, especially in those with long time hypertension. Conclusion Patients with hypertension stage 1 or 2 showed retinal capillary rarefaction in comparison to healthy normotensive subjects. Retinal capillary rarefaction was intensified with duration of disease

Retinal Capillary Rarefaction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose In diabetes mellitus type 2, capillary rarefaction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of end-organ damage. We investigated retinal capillary density in patients with early disease. Methods This cross-sectional study compares retinal capillary rarefaction determined by intercapillary distance (ICD) and capillary area (CapA), measured non-invasively and in vivo by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry, in 73 patients with type 2 diabetes, 55 healthy controls and 134 individuals with hypertension stage 1 or 2. Results In diabetic patients, ICD was greater (23.2±5.5 vs 20.2±4.2, p = 0.013) and CapA smaller (1592±595 vs 1821±652, p = 0.019) than in healthy controls after adjustment for differences in cardiovascular risk factors between the groups. Compared to hypertensive patients, diabetic individuals showed no difference in ICD (23.1±5.8, p = 0.781) and CapA (1556±649, p = 0.768). Conclusion In the early stage of diabetes type 2, patients showed capillary rarefaction compared to healthy individuals

CapillaryRarefactionFinal

original source of the information: collected in the field software used to create the data file: spss statistics 21 description of any abbreviations: see labeling of variables, HDL - high density lipids, LDL - low density lipid

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with untreated mild-moderate hypertension

Patient characteristics of hypertensive study population compared to total hypertensive population. Table including patients characteristics of hypertensive study population compared to total hypertensive population. Hypertensive patients showed no difference in age, BMI, gender, duration of disease, blood pressure, heart rate, serum creatinine and serum cholesterol to those of the group with valid evaluation. (DOCX 28 kb

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Retinal parameters.

<p>Retinal parameters.</p

Study population.

<p>Study population.</p