Competitive interaction between guava and weeds: Effect on initial growth

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the 50 most consumed fruits in the world. However, weed competition compromises fruit production in cultivation areas. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the competitive interaction between guava plants and common infesting species on initial growth. Guava seedlings were cultivated during 60 days with Bidens subalternans DC., Waltheria indica L. or Commelina benghalensis L. in a randomized block design with four replicates. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse condition from February to May 2017 in Mossoró city, Brazil. The following variables were analysed: number of leaves; shoot and root length; stem diameter; root, stem, shoot and total dry mass; and leaf area. As a result, only guava plants suffered negative effects on growth due to the competition. W. indica and C. benghalensis were the most competitive species, reducing the number of leaves, leaf area and total dry matter of guava plants. However, guava and W. indica produced more root biomass when in competition. In contrast, B. subalternans and C. benghalensis was not affected by the presence of guava. In conclusion, competition with W. indica or C. benghalensis reduces the growth of guava after transplanting

Growth and dry matter of pitombeira seedlings under salinity levels and application of biofertilizer

Pitombeira is a native fruit tree from Amazon and is exploited in an extractive way. Currently, there is no commercial cultivation of this crop since there are no technologies for cultivation, propagation methods, fertilization and irrigation. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate growth and dry matter of pitombeira seedlings (Talisia esculenta (A. St.-Hill.) Radlk.) under salinity levels with or without bovine biofertilizer. The experiment was performed in a nursery at the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus IV, in Catolé do Rocha, Paraíba, from September to December 2015. It was adopted a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and 4 repetitions, in factorial arrangement 5 x 2, corresponding to 5 salinity levels: (0,8; 2; 4; 6 e 8 dS m-1) with or without bovine biofertilization. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, total leaf area, Dickson quality index, dry mass of root, stem, leaf and the whole plant were analyzed. The increase in salinity provides a decrease in growth and dry matter of pitombeira seedlings. The use of biofertilizers mitigates the harmful effects of salinity on pitombeira seedlings.Pitombeira is a native fruit tree from Amazon and is exploited in an extractive way. Currently, there is no commercial cultivation of this crop since there are no technologies for cultivation, propagation methods, fertilization and irrigation. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate growth and dry matter of pitombeira seedlings (Talisia esculenta (A. St.-Hill.) Radlk.) under salinity levels with or without bovine biofertilizer. The experiment was performed in a nursery at the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus IV, in Catolé do Rocha, Paraíba, from September to December 2015. It was adopted a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and 4 repetitions, in factorial arrangement 5 x 2, corresponding to 5 salinity levels: (0,8; 2; 4; 6 e 8 dS m-1) with or without bovine biofertilization. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, total leaf area, Dickson quality index, dry mass of root, stem, leaf and the whole plant were analyzed. The increase in salinity provides a decrease in growth and dry matter of pitombeira seedlings. The use of biofertilizers mitigates the harmful effects of salinity on pitombeira seedlings

Fitomassa de pimenta doce-italina (capsicum) em função de adubação orgânica

As pimentas são todas as espécies e variedades do gênero Capsicum com frutos geralmente menores que os pimentões, com diferentes formatos, frequentemente de paladar pungente, embora existam pimentas doces. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho analisar a fitomassa de pimenta doce-italina (capsicum) em função de adubação orgânica. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo no setor de agroecologia da UEPB, no município de Catolé do Rocha- PB, no ano de 2012. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, sendo estudados os efeitos de 5 fontes de matéria orgânica e foram testados 4 tipos de biofertilizantes. Avaliaram-se as seguintes variáveis: Fitomassa Seca da Folha (FSF), Fitomassa Seca do Caule (FSC) e Fitomassa Seca da Raiz (FSR). Não houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos estudados sobre a massa seca de plantas de pimenta doce italiana. As fontes de matéria orgânica se comportaram de maneira semelhante em relação à fitomassa seca do caule de pimenteira doce-italiana. O biofertilizante à base de esterco bovino enriquecido com farinha de rocha + cinza de madeira (T4), desempenhou um maior acúmulo de massa seca da pimenta.

Organic Fertilization in ‘Pérola’ Pineapple Increases Fruit Production and Physical and Chemical Characteristics

Pineapple is the third most cultivated tropical fruit in the world. However, few studies have focused on the cultivationusing organic fertilization, especially in semiarid regions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate growth, production andphysicochemical traits of pineapple fruits produced under organic fertilization in the semiarid. The experiment wascarried out at the didactic orchard of Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Fourfertilization treatments were studied (chemical fertilizer, cattle manure, goat manure, poultry litter). At 18 monthsafter planting, plant growth, physicochemical traits of fruits, and productivity were evaluated. Results showed thatorganic fertilization with poultry litter provides best results for physicochemical traits of fruits and productivity of ‘Pérola’pineapple. Organic fertilization with poultry litter is most promising for plant growth, physicochemical traits of fruits, andproductivity in ‘Pérola’ pineapple, therefore, the most suitable for cultivation in the semiarid region. The fruit firmness,central cylinder weight, and ratio SS/TA showed best values under chemical and goat manure fertilization.Pineapple is the third most cultivated tropical fruit in the world. However, few studies have focused on the cultivationusing organic fertilization, especially in semiarid regions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate growth, production andphysicochemical traits of pineapple fruits produced under organic fertilization in the semiarid. The experiment wascarried out at the didactic orchard of Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Fourfertilization treatments were studied (chemical fertilizer, cattle manure, goat manure, poultry litter). At 18 monthsafter planting, plant growth, physicochemical traits of fruits, and productivity were evaluated. Results showed thatorganic fertilization with poultry litter provides best results for physicochemical traits of fruits and productivity of ‘Pérola’pineapple. Organic fertilization with poultry litter is most promising for plant growth, physicochemical traits of fruits, andproductivity in ‘Pérola’ pineapple, therefore, the most suitable for cultivation in the semiarid region. The fruit firmness,central cylinder weight, and ratio SS/TA showed best values under chemical and goat manure fertilization

Agronomic efficiency of ‘Cantaloupe’ melon under different water blades and organic fertilization

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation blades on the presence and absence of biofertilizer on the agronomic performance of the ‘Cantaloupe’ melon in the Paraíba backwoods. The work was conducted under field conditions in the Agroecology Sector, belonging to the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus IV. The experimental design was a randomized block using four irrigation blades (60, 80, 100 and 120% - ET0, (mm day-1)) with presence and absence of biofertilizer replicated six times. The following variables were evaluated: main branch length, leaf area, number of leaves, phytomass aerial part, pulp diameter, soluble solids, bark diameter, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit and weight of 100 seeds. The irrigation blade of 120% of ET0 promoted greater growth and development since biofertilizer application provided a greater number of seeds per fruit and weight of 100 seeds, there was no interaction between the factors studied in both variables evaluated in the Cantaloupe melon.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation blades on the presence and absence of biofertilizer on the agronomic performance of the ‘Cantaloupe’ melon in the Paraíba backwoods. The work was conducted under field conditions in the Agroecology Sector, belonging to the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus IV. The experimental design was a randomized block using four irrigation blades (60, 80, 100 and 120% - ET0, (mm day-1)) with presence and absence of biofertilizer replicated six times. The following variables were evaluated: main branch length, leaf area, number of leaves, phytomass aerial part, pulp diameter, soluble solids, bark diameter, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit and weight of 100 seeds. The irrigation blade of 120% of ET0 promoted greater growth and development since biofertilizer application provided a greater number of seeds per fruit and weight of 100 seeds, there was no interaction between the factors studied in both variables evaluated in the Cantaloupe melon

Acúmulo de massa seca em feijão-caupi sob adubação orgânica

Cowpea responds well to organic fertilization, increasing its productivity when the soil is fertilized with animal manures, organic compounds, earthworm humus and biofertilizer. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the dry mass accumulation of cowpea as a function of different amounts of earthworm humus incorporated in the soil and organic biofertilizers under the conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, at Universidade Estaudal da Paraíba, in a randomized complete block design, in the 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with 5 replications. The first factor corresponded to four quantities of earthworm humus (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg m-1) and the second factor, two leaf fertilization in the liquid form (common biofertilizer and earthworm humus). The dry mass yields of leaf, stem, root, aera, total and part/air ratio were evaluated. There was no significant interaction between the factors treatments tested for any of the characteristics evaluated. The highest dry mass accumulation of cowpea was recorded with soil incorporation of 0.14 kg m-1 of worm humus. In terms of absolute values, the common biofertilizer provided a higher dry mass of cowpea.O feijão-caupi responde bem à adubação orgânica, aumentando sua produtividade quando o solo é adubado com estercos de animais, compostos orgânicos, húmus de minhoca e biofertilizante. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o acúmulo de massa seca do feijão-caupi em função de diferentes quantidades de húmus de minhoca incorporadas ao solo e biofertilizantes orgânicos nas condições do semiárido nordestino. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, em delineamento experimental em blocos completos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com 5 repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu a quatro quantidades de húmus de minhoca incorporadas ao solo (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 kg m-1) e o segundo fator, duas adubações via foliar na forma líquida (biofertilizante comum e húmus de minhoca). Avaliaram- se os rendimentos de massa seca da: folha, caule, raiz, parte aera, total e da relação parte/aérea. Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores tratamentos testados para nenhuma das características avaliadas. O maior acúmulo de massa seca do feijão-caupi foi registrado com a incorporação ao solo de 0,14 Kg m-1 de húmus de minhoca. Em termos de valores absolutos, o biofertilizante comum proporcionou maior massa seca do feijão-caupi

Fitomassa de pimenta doce-italina (capsicum) em função de adubação orgânica

As pimentas são todas as espécies e variedades do gênero Capsicum com frutos geralmente menores que os pimentões, com diferentes formatos, frequentemente de paladar pungente, embora existam pimentas doces. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho analisar a fitomassa de pimenta doce-italina (capsicum) em função de adubação orgânica. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo no setor de agroecologia da UEPB, no município de Catolé do Rocha- PB, no ano de 2012. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, sendo estudados os efeitos de 5 fontes de matéria orgânica e foram testados 4 tipos de biofertilizantes. Avaliaram-se as seguintes variáveis: Fitomassa Seca da Folha (FSF), Fitomassa Seca do Caule (FSC) e Fitomassa Seca da Raiz (FSR). Não houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos estudados sobre a massa seca de plantas de pimenta doce italiana. As fontes de matéria orgânica se comportaram de maneira semelhante em relação à fitomassa seca do caule de pimenteira doce-italiana. O biofertilizante à base de esterco bovino enriquecido com farinha de rocha + cinza de madeira (T4), desempenhou um maior acúmulo de massa seca da pimenta.

Agronomic efficiency of ‘Cantaloupe’ melon under different water blades and organic fertilization

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation blades on the presence and absence of biofertilizer on the agronomic performance of the ‘Cantaloupe’ melon in the Paraíba backwoods. The work was conducted under field conditions in the Agroecology Sector, belonging to the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus IV. The experimental design was a randomized block using four irrigation blades (60, 80, 100 and 120% - ET0, (mm day-1)) with presence and absence of biofertilizer replicated six times. The following variables were evaluated: main branch length, leaf area, number of leaves, phytomass aerial part, pulp diameter, soluble solids, bark diameter, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit and weight of 100 seeds. The irrigation blade of 120% of ET0 promoted greater growth and development since biofertilizer application provided a greater number of seeds per fruit and weight of 100 seeds, there was no interaction between the factors studied in both variables evaluated in the Cantaloupe melon