Using a stepped-care approach to help severely obese children and young people

Weight management is a game of chance for most children and young people, and is dependent on service availability and the expertise of the provider. Many localities are without established weight-management services, and the effectiveness of those provided is often not well-known. SHINE (Self Help, Independence, Nutrition and Exercise) is the only documented tier 3 community-based service provider in the UK. It offers a plethora of interventions tailored to each child or young person using a stepped-care approach (SCA) to treat severe obesity: as the severity of obesity increases, so does the intensity of intervention. This article describes an SCA and uses this model to demonstrate a range of appropriate, available interventions. A SCA can provide a holistic and integrative care pathway for children and young people with severe obesity when implemented at tier 3

MOESM3 of PDGF-AA mediates mesenchymal stromal cell chemotaxis to the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor microenvironment

Additional file 3: Figure S4. The MSC markers gremlin-1 and CD105 are co-localized in the TM of patient with OCSCC (oral tongue). High power resolution confocal images from representative sections of human OCSCC specimens (A) demonstrate TM cells positive for the MSC markers anti-gremlin-1 (red) and anti-CD105 (green). An orange color on merged images indicates co-localization of gremlin-1 and CD105. In addition, TM MSCs were detected by anti-gremlin-1 (red) and anti-CD90 (blue). A magenta color on merged images indicates co-localization of gremlin and CD90 that did not co-localize with the hematopoietic marker, anti-CD45 (green) (B). The nuclei are depicted as grey