Gitanos y payos. Dos mundos y dos ideas sobre la libertad en “la Gitanilla”.

En el trasfondo de una clara familiaridad con la raza gitana (¿tuvo el autor ascendientes gitanos?), Cervantes contrasta en el alma y en las maneras de Esmeralda "La Gitanilla" dos perspectivas opuestas de la libertad humana. La libertad gitana es vitalista y naturalista. Es más libertad que norma. En contraste, el concepto de libertad de la tradición española es eminentemente teologal y conduce a vivir la norma con aceptación interna y voluntad libre.With a background of a clear familiarity with the Gipsy ethnia (is the author a man with gipsy ancestors?), Cervantes contrasted, in the soul and manners of Esmeralda -“La Gitanilla”-, two opposed perspectives of freedom and human liberty. The gipsy freedom is vitalist, and being more "nature like", it is more freedom that norm. In contrast, the eminently theological concept of freedom of the Spanish tradition leads to live the norm with inner acceptance and free will

The Multidimensional Study of Viral Campaigns as Branching Processes

Viral campaigns on the Internet may follow variety of models, depending on the content, incentives, personal attitudes of sender and recipient to the content and other factors. Due to the fact that the knowledge of the campaign specifics is essential for the campaign managers, researchers are constantly evaluating models and real-world data. The goal of this article is to present the new knowledge obtained from studying two viral campaigns that took place in a virtual world which followed the branching process. The results show that it is possible to reduce the time needed to estimate the model parameters of the campaign and, moreover, some important aspects of time-generations relationship are presented.Comment: In proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Social Informatics, SocInfo 201

Genotipos clonales de Trypanosoma cruzi en recien nacidos con infeccion transplacentaria

47 p.La enfermedad de Chagas es considerada como un problema de salud pública en muchos países por la gran cantidad de personas afectadas y la variedad de manifestaciones clínicas con que se presenta. Es por eso que desde 1991, hay iniciativas sub-regionales (América) de control de la enfermedad de Chagas, y avances en materia de diagnóstico y manejo de la infecciónenfermedad, que llevan a tomar decisiones éticas y operativas, de estructurar intervenciones programáticas para el diagnóstico, atención y tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Dado su evolución esta enfermedad cursa hacia la cronicidad en personas inmunocompetentes pasando por tres etapas (aguda, latente y crónica), pudiendo causar la muerte en diferentes etapas de la infección. Un 10% - 15% de los enfermos presentan discapacidad como consecuencia de los daños cardiacos o digestivos. Actualmente ocupa el cuarto lugar de importancia como carga de enfermedad (AVAD) en las Américas, después de las enfermedades respiratorias, las diarreas y el SIDA. Dado que no existe una vacuna eficaz para prevenir la enfermedad, las estrategias de control están focalizadas a disminuir la transmisión, principalmente vectorial, por tratarse de la forma de transmisión más importante. En este estudio se pretende identificar los diferentes genotipos clonales de T. cruzi que se puede encontrar en muestras de recién nacidos. Muchos autores afirman que existe una estrecha relación entre el clon predominante en la enfermedad y la manifestación clínica que presentará el paciente. El cual puede tener un valor importante a futuro, ya que no sólo se pesquisará la presencia del parásito en la sangre, como se realiza en forma rutinaria, sino que también se podrá identificar el clon predominante. De esta manera se logrará prevenir el daño más probable (cardiacos, esófagicos, intestinales y/o SNC) y también será posible al determinar los genotipos encontrados, el grado de transmisión del parásito y la prevalencia de la enfermedad de Chagas en embarazadas

Healthy climate and energy savings: using thermal ceramic panels and solar thermal panels in mediterranean housing blocks

Radiant surface conditioning systems based on capillary tube mats not only provide high standards of comfort, but they also generate substantial energy savings. These systems allow for using renewable energies such as solar thermal panels because they function with water at moderate temperatures¿lower in winter and higher in summer¿compared to fan-coil systems or hot water radiator systems. Moreover, in summer, they can be combined with solar cooling systems based on lithium chloride or absorption systems based on lithium bromide, which enable the cooling of water at 15¿16 C by means of solar thermal panel energy collection. This further reduces the annual energy. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of thermal ceramic panels (TCP) containing prolipropylen (PPR) capillary tube mats, in residential buildings in the Spanish Mediterranean. The water distribution system was set up individually from a heat pump and was combined with a community system of solar thermal panels. After monitoring a home over a complete one-year cycle, the annual energy demand was quantified through simulations, based on both the radiant system and the VRV system, as well as in combination with a thermal solar panel system. TCP panels reduced the annual energy demands by 31.48%, and the additional investment cost of  11,497 could be amortized over 23.31 years. The combination of TCP panels with 18.5 m2 of solar thermal panels reduced the annual energy demand by 69.47%, and the inv

Random Walks on Stochastic Temporal Networks

In the study of dynamical processes on networks, there has been intense focus on network structure -- i.e., the arrangement of edges and their associated weights -- but the effects of the temporal patterns of edges remains poorly understood. In this chapter, we develop a mathematical framework for random walks on temporal networks using an approach that provides a compromise between abstract but unrealistic models and data-driven but non-mathematical approaches. To do this, we introduce a stochastic model for temporal networks in which we summarize the temporal and structural organization of a system using a matrix of waiting-time distributions. We show that random walks on stochastic temporal networks can be described exactly by an integro-differential master equation and derive an analytical expression for its asymptotic steady state. We also discuss how our work might be useful to help build centrality measures for temporal networks.Comment: Chapter in Temporal Networks (Petter Holme and Jari Saramaki editors). Springer. Berlin, Heidelberg 2013. The book chapter contains minor corrections and modifications. This chapter is based on arXiv:1112.3324, which contains additional calculations and numerical simulation

Investigating SSH Research and Publication Practices in Disciplinary and Institutional Contexts. A Survey-Based Comparative Approach in Two Universities

In this paper, we comparatively analyze, present and discuss the results from a survey on increasing the visibility of research achievements in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) that was carried out at the University of Vienna (Austria) and the University of Navarra (Spain) in 2016 and 2017. Covering four major topics—searching and finding literature, publishing, the visibility of research, and the assessment of research outputs—we ask the following questions: are there disciplinary differences to be identified, and how do they present themselves in the two institutional contexts? Discussing the results, we showcase how disciplinary and institutional traditions and contexts are important factors that influence research and publication practices in the SSH. Our results indicate that the practices of searching and finding literature as well as publication practices and behavior are shaped by disciplinary traditions and epistemic cultures. On the contrary, assessment and valuation of research outputs are influenced by institutional and national contexts in which SSH research is organized and carried out

Progression of Wave Breaker Types on a Plane Impermeable Slope, Depending on Experimental Design

M. V. Moragues was supported by the research group TEP-209 (Junta de Andalucia) and by the following projects: "Protection of coastal urban fronts against global warming-PROTOCOL" (917PTE0538), "Integrated verification of the hydrodynamic and structural behavior of a breakwater and its implications on the investment project-VIVALDI" (BIA2015-65598-P). This work was funded by the projects PCI2019-103565-SUSME and PID2019-107509GB-I00-ROMPEOLAS (SRA (State Research Agency)/10.13039/501100011033). M. A. Losada was partially funded by the emeritus professorship mentoring program of the University of Granada. We would like to thank the three reviewers for providing helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript.The objective of this research was to analyze the progression of breaker types on plane impermeable slopes. This study used dimensional analysis to demonstrate the relative water depth is a key explanatory quantity. The dominant breaker types depend on the incident wave characteristics at the foot of the slope. Accordingly, it is possible to combine values of H, T, and m. The physical experiments of Galvin, recent numerical results, and new experiments, performed on an impermeable 1:10 slope, were used to verify the result. It was thus possible to obtain the progression of breaker types in different sequences of pairs of combined wave H and T values. Once a sequence is defined, the expected progression of breaker types is predictable, and is well approximated by the log-transform of the alternate similarity parameter. Since the classification of breaker types is discontinuous, the data assigned to each type were placed in horizontal lines, based on the value of log(chi). Given that the breaking of a wave train on a slope should be considered a continuous process, the location of some data was corrected to satisfy this assumption. There is thus a functional relationship between the sets of the experimental space and of the breaker types. This research also derives the non-dimensional energy dissipation on the slope, considering the wave-reflected energy flux on the slope. It is proportional to a dimensionless bulk dissipation coefficient which depends on the breaker type and, therefore, on the value of chi at the toe of the slope.Junta de Andalucia 917PTE0538 BIA2015-65598-Pemeritus professorship mentoring program of the University of GranadaPCI2019-103565-SUSMEPID2019-107509GB-I00-ROMPEOLAS10.13039/50110001103

Timing interactions in social simulations: The voter model

The recent availability of huge high resolution datasets on human activities has revealed the heavy-tailed nature of the interevent time distributions. In social simulations of interacting agents the standard approach has been to use Poisson processes to update the state of the agents, which gives rise to very homogeneous activity patterns with a well defined characteristic interevent time. As a paradigmatic opinion model we investigate the voter model and review the standard update rules and propose two new update rules which are able to account for heterogeneous activity patterns. For the new update rules each node gets updated with a probability that depends on the time since the last event of the node, where an event can be an update attempt (exogenous update) or a change of state (endogenous update). We find that both update rules can give rise to power law interevent time distributions, although the endogenous one more robustly. Apart from that for the exogenous update rule and the standard update rules the voter model does not reach consensus in the infinite size limit, while for the endogenous update there exist a coarsening process that drives the system toward consensus configurations.Comment: Book Chapter, 23 pages, 9 figures, 5 table