MENGUKUR KINERJA DINAS PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA DALAM MEMBERIKAN PELAYANAN TERHADAP MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH KOTA BANDUNG

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja aparatur sipil Negara Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Bandung dalam memberikan pelayanan terhadap masyarakat di Wilayah Kota Bandung. Dalam pelaksanaan kinerja tersebut dapat dilihat apakah sudah sesuai dengan undang-undang dengan memperhatikan visi dan misi dari dinas tersebut yang tentunya berpihak kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Agus Dwiyanto (2008:50) dengan menggunakan lima indikator pengukuran kinerja birokrasi publik, yaitu : produktivitas, kualitas layanan, responsivitas, responbilitas, akuntabilitas. Kelima pengukuran kinerja tersebut sudah sesuai dengan apa yang diteliti untuk suatu pengukuran kinerja aparatur sipil Negara Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini memiliki sifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Kinerja aparatur sipil Negara Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Bandung berdasarkan dimens (1) produktivitas, perangkat desa tanggap dan aktif terhadap aspirasi masyarrakat. (2) kualitas layanan, sejauh ini aparatur sipil Negara belum dapat dikatakan optimal dalam memberikan pelayanan. (3) responsivitas, sampat saat ini aparatur sipil Negara memiliki program terbaru untuk memenuhi setiap kepentingan masyarakat. (4) responbilitas, aparatur sipil Negara dalam memberikan pelayanan sudah sesuai dengan SOP yang berlaku. (5) akuntabilitas, aparatur sipil Negara selalu taat dengan arahan pimpinan dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya. Kata Kunci : Kinerja, Aparatur Sipil Negar

Screening and Production of Lipase from a Thermo-halophilic Bacterial Isolate of Pria Laot Sabang 80 Isolated from Under Water Hot Spring

Lipase is an important class of industrial hydrolytic enzyme that is produced mainly by bacteria. The goal of this study was to screen and determine the optimum conditions for lipase production by a thermo-halophilic bacterium, named Pria Laot Sabang 80 (PLS 80), isolated from an underwater hot spring. Screening of lipase was conducted on agar media supplemented with olive oil and rodhamine B. PLS 80 exhibited lipase activity based on the formation of orange red fluorescence area around the colonies observed under UV light. The growth curve and lipase activity of the isolate was studied at various temperature, incubation time, pH and salt concentrations. The growth curve was measured by dry cell biomass and lipase activity using spectrophotometry method by p-nitrophenyl palmitate as the substrate. The isolate showed the highest biomass production after 16 hours of fermentation at 70 ∘C, pH 9 and with an addition of 3 M NaCl. The highest activity of lipase was 24.3 U/mL. This study shows that PLS 80 produced a thermo-halostable alkaline lipase.     Keywords: Thermostable, halostable, lipase, Pria Laot Saban

CULTIVATION CONDITIONS FOR PROTEASE PRODUCTION BY A THERMO-HALOSTABLE BACTERIAL ISOLATE PLS A

Polyextremophiles have increasingly been utilised to produce thermostable enzymes with better stability in multiple extreme conditions. This study reports the screening results of four new bacterial isolates (PLS A, PLS 75, PLS 76 and PLS 80), isolated from an under water hot springs, in producing thermo-halostable protease enzyme. Optimum cultivation conditions for the protease production were also studied. Screening of protease-producing isolates was conducted using Thermus solid medium enriched with 3% skim milk and 0.5% casein. The growth of the isolates showing protease activity was monitored by measuring the cell dry weight and protease activity during 24 h cultivation period. The activity was also measured at various cultivation conditions, i.e. temperature, pH and salt concentrations. Amongst the four isolates, only PLS A showed the ability to produce protease. The optimum cultivation conditions for protease production were observed at 65°C, pH 7 for 18 h incubation. The activity increased with the addition of 1% NaCl concentration (0.085 Unit/mL). The ability of PLS A isolate to produce thermo-halostable protease was encouraging as they could potentially be used in industries requiring the enzyme with multiple extremes.

NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF DIOSCOREA HISPIDA FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AROUND LEUSER ECOSYSTEM AREA

Proximate analysis of Dioscorea hispida tubers, collected from five locations around Leuser ecosystem in Aceh Province, showed variations amongst samples. Standard AOAC method for proximate analysis of the fresh weight showed that the water content varied between 15.8 - 37.8%, crude protein 1.13 -6.20%, crude lipid 1.99 - 9.36% and ash 0.29 - 1.24%. The total carbohydrate was high, i.e. between 58.3 -71.9%. The main mineral was phosphorus, with a value of 11.7 - 46.9 mg/100g. These variations could be due to soil, climate and weather factors, as well as postharvest handling. Phytochemical tests showed that all of the samples contained alkaloids and terpenoids. One of the samples (LP) also contained phenol and steroid. The high cyanide content in the tubers (379 - 739 ppm) was easily removed by repeated washing. The cyanide level dropped significantly after the 3rd wash. Information on nutritional content in D. hispida is essential for planning its utilization. Increasing the economic value of D. hispida is expected to attract people around the Leuser ecosystem to cultivate and utilize it, thereby reducing illegal forest encroachment.Keywords: Dioscorea hispida, proximate, Leuser, janeng, gadung, starchREFERENCESBarton H 2014 Yams: Origins and Development, Encyclopaedia of Global Archaeology, p 7943-7947, (Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_2193).Obidiegwu J E and Akpabio E M 2017 The Geography of Yam Cultivation in Southern Nigeria: Exploring Its Social Meanings and Cultural Functions J. Ethnic Foods 4 28-35.Chandrasekara A and Kumar T J 2016 Roots and Tuber Crops as Functional Foods: A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Their Potential Health Benefits Intl. J. Food Sci. 2016 1-15.Kumar S, Das G, Shin H-S and Patra J K 2017 Dioscorea spp. (A Wild Edible Tuber): A Study on Its Ethnopharmacological Potential and Traditional Use by the Local People of Similipal Biosphere Reserve India Front. 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Agents 44 (5) 377-386.Tholl D 2015 Biosynthesis and Biological Functions of Terpenoids in Plants, Biotechnology of Isoprenoids p 63-106 Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE, volume 148).Nagata K, Aistrup G L, Honda H, Shono T and Narahashi T 1999 Modulation of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Dioscorine in Clonal Rat Phaeochlomocytoma (PC12) Cells Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 64 (3) 157–165.Bhandari M R and Kawabata J 2005 Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 60 129–135, 2005.White W L B , Arias-Garzon D I, McMahon J M and Sayre R 1998 Cyanogenesis in Cassava: The Role of Hydroxynitrile Lyase in Root Cyanide Production Plant Physiol. 116 1219-25.Kumoro A C and Hartati I. 2015 Microwave Assisted Extraction of Dioscorin from Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) Tuber Flour, Procedia Chem. 14 47 – 55

ADDITION OF POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC BACTERIA TO INCREASE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND FEED EFFICIENCY OF COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio)

Three intestinal bacteria isolates (namely C1, C2, and C3) from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were isolated and identified as new potential probiotics. This research aimed to study the effect of three isolates potential probiotics addition on growth performance, survival rate and feed efficiency of common carp. Completely randomized design was assigned to fourth diet treatments with five replicates. As a control, we used the feed without any supplemention of potential probiotic. The result showed that the addition of potential probiotic bacteria (C1, C2, and C3) gave significant effect on daily growth rate, survival rate and feed efficiency and could be used in aquaculture industry to reduce feeding cost

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S rRNA GENE FRAGMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING PLS 76 ISOLATE

Exploitation of extremophiles as novel bioactive compounds sources has been increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and the class of antibiotic produced by a thermo-halophilic isolate PLS 76, as well as to identify the genotype of the isolate. The activity was determined by a disc diffusion method, while the antibiotic class was determined qualitatively by chemical reactions using ninhydrin, iodine vapour and potassium iodine. The genotype was determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene fragment and the phylogenetic tree from the sequence data. The results showed that PLS 76 was a Gram-negative bacterium and able to produce polypeptide antibiotic, which showed a slight activity on E. coli and S. aureus. Sequence alignment of the 16S rRNA gene fragment showed that PLS 76 was most related to Geobacillus kaustophilus. These results may be used to utilise the isolated for further antibiotic study

Characterization of long and stable de novo single alpha-helix domains provides novel insight into their stability

Naturally-occurring single α-helices (SAHs), are rich in Arg (R), Glu (E) and Lys (K) residues, and stabilized by multiple salt bridges. Understanding how salt bridges promote their stability is challenging as SAHs are long and their sequences highly variable. Thus, we designed and tested simple de novo 98-residue polypeptides containing 7-residue repeats (AEEEXXX, where X is K or R) expected to promote salt-bridge formation between Glu and Lys/Arg. Lys-rich sequences (EK3 (AEEEKKK) and EK2R1 (AEEEKRK)) both form SAHs, of which EK2R1 is more helical and thermo-stable suggesting Arg increases stability. Substituting Lys with Arg (or vice versa) in the naturally-occurring myosin-6 SAH similarly increased (or decreased) its stability. However, Arg-rich de novo sequences (ER3 (AEEERRR) and EK1R2 (AEEEKRR)) aggregated. Combining a PDB analysis with molecular modelling provides a rational explanation, demonstrating that Glu and Arg form salt bridges more commonly, utilize a wider range of rotamer conformations, and are more dynamic than Glu–Lys. This promiscuous nature of Arg helps explain the increased propensity of de novo Arg-rich SAHs to aggregate. Importantly, the specific K:R ratio is likely to be important in determining helical stability in de-novo and naturally-occurring polypeptides, giving new insight into how single α-helices are stabilized

Corrigendum:Local and macroscopic electrostatic interactions in single α-helices

The non-covalent forces that stabilise protein structures are not fully understood. One way to address this is to study equilibria between unfolded states and α-helices in peptides. For these, electrostatic forces are believed to contribute, including interactions between: side chains; the backbone and side chains; and side chains and the helix macrodipole. Here we probe these experimentally using designed peptides. We find that both terminal backbone-side chain and certain side chain-side chain interactions (i.e., local effects between proximal charges, or interatomic contacts) contribute much more to helix stability than side chain-helix macrodipole electrostatics, which are believed to operate at larger distances. This has implications for current descriptions of helix stability, understanding protein folding, and the refinement of force fields for biomolecular modelling and simulations. In addition, it sheds light on the stability of rod-like structures formed by single α-helices that are common in natural proteins including non-muscle myosins

Pemanfaatan lipase isolat lokal Aceh untuk sintesis biodisel

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