A Comparative Analysis of the Change of Kula Traditional Turkish Housing Architecture in The Last 50 Years

Kula is a district rich in cultural values. There are many historical and traditional residences in this region. These historical structures have undergone great and different changes over time. It is aimed to determine the transformations related to facade, structural element, and interior use in traditional houses. In addition, by looking at the obtained data, namely the architectural changes, it was determined as a secondary purpose to make suggestions about conservation. The study consists of a combination of two basic methods: literature research and field research. After determining the subject of the study, written sources related to the subject were searched and the research was supported by field studies. The method of the study is the comparison of the data obtained from the sources and the evidence in the field study. Findings were obtained by analyzing the detected differences. In the study, which was carried out with the comparative analysis method, the historical process was examined, and information, architectural drawings and photographs were obtained about the conditions of the buildings 50 years ago. For this reason, scope of the study consists of both the data obtained and the houses that provide both conditions depending on the availability of these data today. In this context, the study is limited to 14 traditional Turkish residences in the Kula site, from which both historical data and locations can be accessed. In the studies carried out in the field of architectural restoration and conservation, the current situations are examined in the studies on conservation. However, in this study, not only the current situation of the buildings, but also the conditions of the previous years and even the comparison of the data was obtained. Although this study was carried out within the scope of Kula district, it gives an idea about the change and usage of interiors of the residences

Dosimetric phantom consistency of TMR-10 protocol in homogeneous and inhomogeneous regions in gamma knife radiosurgery planning

Introduction: The algorithms used in the GammaPlan treatment planning system are “Tissue Maximum Ratio (TMR) classical,”“TMR 10,” and “convolution” algorithms, respectively. In this study, the consistency of dosimetric measurements with the TMR 10 protocol used in SRC (stereotactic radiosurgery) planning in lesions located in homogeneous and inhomogeneous regions in different intracranial location scenarios was investigated. Methods: In this study, the accuracy of administration of multiple metastasis treatment on the Gamma Knife Perfexion device was investigated. Computed tomography was performed with 1 mm cross-section intervals of CIRS brand Atom randofantoma. Critical organs and three different brain metastases located in homogeneous and heterogeneous regions, which are not on the same plane with each other, were drawn on the phantom. Planned target volume (PTV) volumes were created without margining the drawn gross tumor volumes, and three separate plans were made for three different PTV volumes. All plans were calculated using the TMR 10 algorithm. Critical organ doses were kept below the brain-SRC criteria for all calculated plans. Gafchromic EBT-3 film was placed on the sections with the target volume drawn on the phantoms and irradiated (1600 cGy, 50% isodose area). Measurements were made three times. The measured film results and the doses calculated from the planning were compared with gamma index analysis for different tolerance values. Results: In our study, for three different lesions planned and irradiated with different gradient index values, a difference of 2.11–9.58% was observed between the values calculated with the TMR-10 protocol and the values obtained in the dosimet- ric measurement. A decrease in consistency was observed, especially in inhomogeneous region placements. Discussion and Conclusion: There may be inconsistency between the TMR-10 protocol and actual dosimetric measurements, especially around inhomogeneous intracranial structures. We hope that this inconsistency will decrease in the future with the developing dose calculation protocols

Solving Weighted Number of Operation Plus Processing Time Due-Date Assignment, Weighted Scheduling and Process Planning Integration Problem Using Genetic and Simulated Annealing Search Methods

Traditionally, the three important manufacturing functions, which are process planning, scheduling and due-date assignment, are performed separately and sequentially. For couple of decades, hundreds of studies are done on integrated process planning and scheduling problems and numerous researches are performed on scheduling with due date assignment problem, but unfortunately the integration of these three important functions are not adequately addressed. Here, the integration of these three important functions is studied by using genetic, random-genetic hybrid, simulated annealing, random-simulated annealing hybrid and random search techniques. As well, the importance of the integration of these three functions and the power of meta-heuristics and of hybrid heuristics are studied

The numerical and experimental analysis of forced convection on the surfaces of a rectangular box with heat generation

Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, South Africa, 30 June - 2 July, 2008.The system development with experimental studies that is accomplished by trial and error method is neither practical nor economical since it is difficult and expensive. So that, creating the mathematical model and determining the most appropriate design data by using numerical solutions is a more effective and cheaper approach for the system development. In this study numerical and experimental analysis of forced convection heat transfer from the horizontal and lateral surfaces of a 0.3m x 0.3m x 0.52m rectangular box in a 0.55m x 0.55m x 3m wind tunnel, which is heated by a 0.5m length cylindrical 450 W power source with a constant surface temperature of 200ºC, was performed. The temperature distribution on all exterior sides of rectangular box subjected to forced convection, were calculated by finite volume numerical analysis and compared with the results obtained from the experimental measurements. The main objective of this study is to verify the mathematical model which was constituted for the numerical solution. The results obtained from the numerical analysis were approximately similar to the ones obtained in experimental analysis, so the mathematical model was verified.vk201

Exploring the clinical characteristics and etiological factors of comorbid major depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder

The comorbidity between the major depressive disorder (MDD) and the social anxiety disorder (SAD) is significantly prevalent, necessitating a nuanced understanding of their overlapping clinical characteristics and shared etiological factors, including inflammatory biomarkers. To address this, we conducted a cross-sectional study from December 2021 to June 2022, encompassing 204 outpatients diagnosed with MDD-SAD comorbidity. We employed various psychometric assessments, such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Additionally, we analyzed inflammatory biomarkers including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte platelet ratio (NLPR), systemic inflammation index (SII), and the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). Our findings accentuated that patients primarily diagnosed with MDD exhibited elevated levels of certain inflammatory biomarkers. They reported more severe and atypical depressive symptoms (75.7% vs 58.5%; P = 0.010) and had significantly higher CTQ-28 subscale scores (P < 0.05). Our study unveils a complex relationship between MDD and SAD, with significant disparities in the symptom severity and inflammatory biomarker levels, thereby establishing a compelling case for dual-diagnosis treatment approaches. It elucidates the critical role of inflammation in the comorbidity of MDD and SAD, marking a pioneering step towards more comprehensive and holistic patient care strategies. These insights could potentially revolutionize therapeutic approaches in psychiatric care, promising significantly improved outcomes through early detection and integrated intervention strategies

Bonding Effectiveness of Saliva-Contaminated Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics Using Different Decontamination Protocols

OBJECTIVE This research study investigated the effect of new decontamination protocols on the bonding capacity of saliva-contaminated monolithic zirconia (MZ) ceramics cemented with two different monomer-containing self-adhesive resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized tooth preparations (4 mm. axial height) were performed for eighty human maxillary premolars under constant water cooling system. Eighty monolithic zirconia crowns (Whitepeaks Supreme Monolith) (n = 8/10 groups) were manufactured by CAD-CAM. Specimens were kept in the artificial saliva at pH = 7.3 for 1 minute at 37°C except control groups. The specimens have not been prealumina blasted and grouped according to cleaning methods and resin cements: control groups (C) (no saliva contamination + GPDM + 4-META (N) (CN) and 10-MDP (M) containing resin cement (CM), alumina blasted (AL) + GPDM + 4-META (ALN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (ALM), zirconium oxide containing universal cleaning agent (IC) applied + GPDM + 4-META (N) (ICN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (ICM), pumice (P) applied + GPDM + 4-META (PN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (PM), and air-water spray (AW) applied + GPDM + 4-META (AWN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (AWM)). Monobond Plus was applied to all surfaces for 40 seconds before cementation. The thermal cycle was applied at 5,000 cycles after cementation. The crowns were tested in tensile mode at a speed of 1 mm/min. The mode of failure was recorded. SEM examinations were carried out at different magnifications. Data were analyzed using rank-based Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the surface treatments and between the two types of resin cements. Interaction effects between surface treatments and resin cements were found to be significant by two-way ANOVA analysis. ICM group resulted in significantly better bond strength results compared with CN. ICM was found to result in better bond strength results compared with PM. The combination of universal cleaning agent and 10-MDP containing resin cement had significantly the highest cementation bond strength values. The increasing order of mean tensile bond strength values of decontamination protocols was C < AW < P < AL < IC. The mean tensile bond strength of 10-MDP containing resin cement was slightly higher than GPDM + 4-META containing resin cement. CONCLUSIONS Universal cleaning agents can be preferred as an efficient cleaning method with 10-MDP-containing cement after saliva contamination for better adhesive bond strength of 4 mm crown preparation height of monolithic zirconia ceramics

Examining the cyberloafing behaviors of healh professionals: A university hospital case

Bu araştırmanın amacı; sağlık çalışanlarının sanal kaytarma davranışı sergileme eğilimlerini belirlemek ve bu davranışların çeşitli bireysel, demografik ve işyerinde bilgisayar ile internet kullanımına yönelik özelliklere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda bir üniversite hastanesinde görev yapan 259 sağlık çalışanından toplanan veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler; sağlık çalışanlarının sanal kaytarma davranışlarının düşük seviyede olduğunu ve çalışanların sanal kaytarma davranışı alt boyutlarının yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, bilgisayar kullanım yılı ve işyerinde internete erişmek için kullanılan araçlar açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır.This study aims to determine health professionals’ tendencies to exhibit cyberloafing and reveal whether or not these behaviours vary by personal, demographic and computer and internet usage characteristics. To this end, the data obtained from 259 health professionals working in an university hospital have been evaluated. The results indicate that health professionals have a low cyberloafing level and there are statistically significant differences between cyberloafing sub-dimensions by age, gender, maritual status, the year of computer usage and devices used to access the internet in the workplace

Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Investigation of Turkish People’s Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Pandemic Quarantine Process

Aim: The aim of study is to determine the attitude of the Turkish people (in cognitive, affective and behavioral dimensions) and the factors affectingthis attitude during the coronavirus epidemic that has affected the whole world since December 2019.Materials and Methods: The data collected by a scale were modeled with explanatory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)and structural equation modeling (SEM), and the effects of the dimensions and the importance of the effective items in each dimension weredetermined.Results: 61.4% of the participants were male and 65.4% were under the age of 40 years. Individuals’ “questioning their purpose of coming to lifeagain” and “desire of being more sensitive to the events around them than in the past” were found to be significant, respectively. Other resultsobtained from the study are given in the relevant tables and figures.Conclusion: It was determined that the affective dimension had the highest effect on the results of EFA, CFA and SEM analyses, which wereeffective in examining the attitudes of individuals towards an event with these sub-dimensions

Maternal Psychological Problems Associated with Neonatal Intensive Care Admission

Background. Mothers of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are believed to have heightened distress. The purpose of this paper was to determine depression and anxiety symptoms and attachment style in NICU mothers. Methods. The NICU group consisted of mothers whose infants were admitted to the NICU and the control group consisted of mothers of healthy term infants. The psychosocial assessments were done at the first month. Results. The mean Edinburgh Postpartum Depression (EPDS) score of NICU mothers was significantly higher than that of the control group mothers (9.6 ± 5.6 versus 7.3 ± 4.9, P = .005). NICU mothers who had high EPDS (≥13) scores had significantly higher anxiety scores and insecure attachment style in comparison to the subgroup of NICU mothers who had low EPDS scores. Conclusion. Mothers of NICU babies had higher EPDS scores. Mothers who had higher EPDS scores had higher anxiety scores as well. These NICU mothers should receive appropriate counseling during the hospitalization of their babies

Urogenital myiasis caused by Psychoda albipennis in a child

Ürogenital miyazis sineklerin yumurtalarını üretra çıkışına bırakmasıve larvaların ürogenital sistem boyunca yukarı doğru ilerlemesi ile olu-şur. Bu olguda, ürogenital miyazis tanısı almış 10 yaşında bir kız hastabildirilmiştir. Hasta ağrılı ve sık idrar yapma, genital kaşıntı ve idrarın-da hareketli kurtçuklar görme yakınması ile başvurdu. Daha önce has-taya iki kez Enterobius vermicularis tedavisi uygulanmıştı. Yirmi dörtsaatlik idrar örneği toplandı ve idrarda iki adet siyah renkli kurtçuk sap-tandı. Bu kurtçukların Psychoda albipennisin dördüncü dönem larvasıolduğu saptandı. Belirlenen risk etmeni olmamasına rağmen hasta bunadir parazitolojik hastalıktan etkilenmişti. Bu olgu, çocukta miyazishastalığına dikkat çekmek için sunuldu. Hijyen durumu ve sosyoeko-nomik düzeyi iyi olanlarda da miyazis görülebilir. Ayrıntılı öykü alın-maz ve uygun laboratuvar incelemeleri yapılmazsa tanısı atlanabilir.Urogenital myiasis results when fies lay their eggs near the exit of theurethra and the larvae proceed upward along the urogenital tract. In thiscase report, a 10 year-old female patient diagnosed with urogenital myia-sis was reported. The patient presented with complaints including pain-ful and frequent urination, genital pruritus and moving larvae in urine.The patient had received Enterobius vermicularis treatment previouslyfor two times. A 24-hour urine sample was collected and two black lar-vae were found in the urine. It was found that these larvae were fourth-stage larvae of Psychoda albipennis. Although there was no risk factor,the patient was affected with this rare parasitological disease. This casewas presented to draw attention to myiasis in children. Myiasis may beobserved in individuals with a favourable hygiene status and a high so-cioeconomical level. If a detailed history is not taken and appropriatelaboratory tests are not performed, the diagnosis may be missed