Josef Sakař - life and work of a priest, educator and historian

This work deals with the life and work of historian, educator, and priest Josef Sakař. Josef Sakař is one of the most prominent Týn nad Vltavou natives. His monumental four-volume work, The History of the town Tyn nad Vltavou and the Surrounding Area, includes the building blocks of South Bohemian regional history. Even though the greater balance of the work was written in the 1930s, to this day it has not been surpassed. Pardubice, like Týn nad Vltavou, owes much to Josef Sakař. It is the city where he spent most of his productive years and where he worked as a secondary school teacher. He wrote his major works here, among them a six-volume history of Pardubice nad Labem. Josef Sakař's activity was more than merely regional: for his efforts to protect historical monuments he was appointed (as the only one of thirty candidates from across the country) an honorary member of the Club for Old Prague in 1925.This thesis analyzes and compares sources, and it determines the importance and value of key events, family ties, friends and personalities that influenced Josef Sakař's life. For 21st-century educators, the thesis looks for inspiration that can be taken from his life and works. The work focuses on Josef Sakař's relationships with relatives, his life's story and activities in Týn nad Vltavou and Pardubice. It is organized chronologically, from his birth to his death. The last part concerns itself with seeking traces of evidence of Josef Sakař in contemporary life. A separate section is devoted to an analysis of four of his key works. The work includes all biographical data and important life milestones of Josef Sakař and contains a complete bibliography

Additional file 5: Table S5. of Genome dynamics of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii during infection and treatment

Multiply mutated genes. All genes with multiple SNV and ISAba1 events are listed with their predicted function. The text color indicates what the class of mutations are: SNV or ISAba1 events, and whether the mutation was isolate-specific, patient-restricted, or patient-dependent. Green: IS SNV; blue: PR SNV; purple: PS SNV; orange: IS ISAba1; brown: PR ISAba1; pink: PS ISAba1. (XLSX 20 kb

KPC-3–Producing Serratia marcescens Outbreak between Acute and Long-Term Care Facilities, Florida, USA

We describe an outbreak caused by Serratia marcescens carrying bla KPC-3 that was sourced to a long-term care facility in Florida, USA. Whole-genome sequencing and plasmid profiling showed involvement of 3 clonal lineages of S. marcescens and 2 bla KPC-3 -carrying plasmids. Determining the resistance mechanism is critical for timely implementation of infection control measures

Rasamsonia sp: An emerging infection amongst chronic granulomatous disease patients. A case of disseminated infection by a putatively novel Rasamsonia argillacea species complex involving the heart

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a heterogeneous condition due to defects in NADPH oxidase characterized by granuloma formation and increased susceptibility to invasive infections, in particular moulds. The use of broad-spectrum, mould-active antifungal prophylaxis has improved mortality. However rare resistant moulds have emerged as important pathogens. Diagnosis of these rare fungi requires molecular techniques, and treatment data are limited. Herein, we present a case of with disseminated Rasamsonia infection involving the heart. Keywords: Chronic granulomatous disease, Filamentous fungi, Invasive fungal infection

Pittsburgh Phage Project (P3)

"Antimicrobial resistance is a serious public health problem causing millions of infections and thousands of deaths in children and adults annually. An increasing number of infections are due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) resistant to most or even all antibiotics. MDRO cause serious and life-threatening infections among high-risk children and adults including those with chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, immunocompromise, and stem cell or organ transplant. However, there are few new antibiotics in development, and the rapid evolutionary capacity of bacteria facilitates the emergence of resistance. An emerging approach is bacteriophage or phage therapy. Phage are naturally occurring viruses that infect and kill specific bacterial species, and in some cases, specific strains. Several recent reports describe cases of successful phage therapy against MDRO infections, including by Graham Hatfull in collaboration with UK physicians to treat a lung transplant recipient with severe mycobacterial infection. However, the field is nascent, much remains undiscovered, and more basic and clinical research are needed to discover the potential of phage therapy. We propose to form a multi-disciplinary team to develop a complete phage discovery-to-patient entity, the Pittsburgh Phage Project (P3). This team is designed to leverage scholarly excellence in phage biology, infectious diseases, viral immunity, epidemiology, ethics, and clinical trials to form a new multi-disciplinary collaboration. We will conduct phage discovery from environmental sources and human subjects, determine phage biology and immunogenicity, identify panels of phage for specific MDRO, establish an ethical framework, and conduct clinical trials. The long-term goal will be to develop phage therapy candidates for major MDRO. Hospitals affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh provide advanced tertiary care for high-risk patients with complex conditions; thus, the P3 program is highly relevant. The Pitt environment provides a unique opportunity to leverage our strengths to create a world-class program in phage therapy.

Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients from Different Global Regions

BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is one of the most problematic antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. We sought to elucidate the international epidemiology and clinical impact of CRAb. METHODS: In a prospective observational cohort study, 842 hospitalized patients with a clinical CRAb culture were enrolled at 46 hospitals in five global regions between 2017 and 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 30 days from the index culture. The strains underwent whole-genome analysis. RESULTS: Of 842 cases, 536 (64%) represented infection. By 30 days, 128 (24%) of the infected patients died, ranging from 1 (6%) of 18 in Australia-Singapore to 54 (25%) of 216 in the United States and 24 (49%) of 49 in South-Central America, whereas 42 (14%) of non-infected patients died. Bacteremia was associated with a higher risk of death compared with other types of infection (40 [42%] of 96 vs. 88 [20%] of 440). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, bloodstream infection and higher age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Clonal group 2 (CG2) strains predominated except in South-Central America, ranging from 216 (59%) of 369 in the United States to 282 (97%) of 291 in China. Acquired carbapenemase genes were carried by 769 (91%) of the 842 isolates. CG2 strains were significantly associated with higher levels of meropenem resistance, yet non-CG2 cases were over-represented among the deaths compared with CG2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: CRAb infection types and clinical outcomes differed significantly across regions. While CG2 strains remained predominant, non-CG2 strains were associated with higher mortality. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: #NCT03646227

Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients from Different Global Regions

Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is one of the most problematic antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. We sought to elucidate the international epidemiology and clinical impact of CRAb. Methods In a prospective observational cohort study, 842 hospitalized patients with a clinical CRAb culture were enrolled at 46 hospitals in five global regions between 2017 and 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 30 days from the index culture. The strains underwent whole-genome analysis. Results Of 842 cases, 536 (64%) represented infection. By 30 days, 128 (24%) of the infected patients died, ranging from 1 (6%) of 18 in Australia-Singapore to 54 (25%) of 216 in the United States and 24 (49%) of 49 in South-Central America, whereas 42 (14%) of non-infected patients died. Bacteremia was associated with a higher risk of death compared with other types of infection (40 [42%] of 96 vs. 88 [20%] of 440). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, bloodstream infection and higher age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Clonal group 2 (CG2) strains predominated except in South-Central America, ranging from 216 (59%) of 369 in the United States to 282 (97%) of 291 in China. Acquired carbapenemase genes were carried by 769 (91%) of the 842 isolates. CG2 strains were significantly associated with higher levels of meropenem resistance, yet non-CG2 cases were over-represented among the deaths compared with CG2 cases. Conclusions CRAb infection types and clinical outcomes differed significantly across regions. While CG2 strains remained predominant, non-CG2 strains were associated with higher mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0364622