Discovery and Designation of Type Specimens of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) From Argentina Described by E. von Harold in 1875

Type specimens of 14 species of Chrysomelidae from Cordova, Argentina. collected by W. M. Davis and described by E. von Harold in 1875, were discovered in the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard University). A few specimens from some other museums such as the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität (Berlin), The Natural History Museum (London), Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Brussels), Museo Nacional de Hungaria (Budapest) are also apparently from the original series. Lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for all species

DISCOVERY AND DESIGNATION OF TYPE SPECIMENS OF CHRYSOMELIDAE (COLEOPTERA) FROM ARGENTINA DESCRIBED BY E. VON HAROLD IN 1875

ABSTRAC

Pediatric trauma and emergency surgery: an international cross-sectional survey among WSES members

Background: In contrast to adults, the situation for pediatric trauma care from an international point of view and the global management of severely injured children remain rather unclear. The current study investigates structural management of pediatric trauma in centers of different trauma levels as well as experiences with pediatric trauma management around the world. Methods: A web-survey had been distributed to the global mailing list of the World Society of Emergency Surgery from 10/2021-03/2022, investigating characteristics of respondents and affiliated hospitals, case-load of pediatric trauma patients, capacities and infrastructure for critical care in children, trauma team composition, clinical work-up and individual experiences with pediatric trauma management in response to patients´ age. The collaboration group was subdivided regarding sizes of affiliated hospitals to allow comparisons concerning hospital volumes. Comparable results were conducted to statistical analysis. Results: A total of 133 participants from 34 countries, i.e. 5 continents responded to the survey. They were most commonly affiliated with larger hospitals (> 500 beds in 72.9%) and with level I or II trauma centers (82.0%), respectively. 74.4% of hospitals offer unrestricted pediatric medical care, but only 63.2% and 42.9% of the participants had sufficient experiences with trauma care in children ≤ 10 and ≤ 5 years of age (p = 0.0014). This situation is aggravated in participants from smaller hospitals (p < 0.01). With regard to hospital size (≤ 500 versus > 500 in-hospital beds), larger hospitals were more likely affiliated with advanced trauma centers, more elaborated pediatric intensive care infrastructure (p < 0.0001), treated children at all ages more frequently (p = 0.0938) and have higher case-loads of severely injured children < 12 years of age (p = 0.0009). Therefore, the majority of larger hospitals reserve either pediatric surgery departments or board-certified pediatric surgeons (p < 0.0001) and in-hospital trauma management is conducted more multi-disciplinarily. However, the majority of respondents does not feel prepared for treatment of severe pediatric trauma and call for special educational and practical training courses (overall: 80.2% and 64.3%, respectively). Conclusions: Multi-professional management of pediatric trauma and individual experiences with severely injured children depend on volumes, level of trauma centers and infrastructure of the hospital. However, respondents from hospitals at all levels of trauma care complain about an alarming lack of knowledge on pediatric trauma management

Diversity and ethics in trauma and acute care surgery teams: results from an international survey

Background Investigating the context of trauma and acute care surgery, the article aims at understanding the factors that can enhance some ethical aspects, namely the importance of patient consent, the perceptiveness of the ethical role of the trauma leader, and the perceived importance of ethics as an educational subject. Methods The article employs an international questionnaire promoted by the World Society of Emergency Surgery. Results Through the analysis of 402 fully filled questionnaires by surgeons from 72 different countries, the three main ethical topics are investigated through the lens of gender, membership of an academic or non-academic institution, an official trauma team, and a diverse group. In general terms, results highlight greater attention paid by surgeons belonging to academic institutions, official trauma teams, and diverse groups. Conclusions Our results underline that some organizational factors (e.g., the fact that the team belongs to a university context or is more diverse) might lead to the development of a higher sensibility on ethical matters. Embracing cultural diversity forces trauma teams to deal with different mindsets. Organizations should, therefore, consider those elements in defining their organizational procedures. Level of evidence Trauma and acute care teams work under tremendous pressure and complex circumstances, with their members needing to make ethical decisions quickly. The international survey allowed to shed light on how team assembly decisions might represent an opportunity to coordinate team member actions and increase performance

Correction to: Two years later: Is the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still having an impact on emergency surgery? An international cross-sectional survey among WSES members

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still ongoing and a major challenge for health care services worldwide. In the first WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey, a strong negative impact on emergency surgery (ES) had been described already early in the pandemic situation. However, the knowledge is limited about current effects of the pandemic on patient flow through emergency rooms, daily routine and decision making in ES as well as their changes over time during the last two pandemic years. This second WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey investigates the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on ES during the course of the pandemic. Methods: A web survey had been distributed to medical specialists in ES during a four-week period from January 2022, investigating the impact of the pandemic on patients and septic diseases both requiring ES, structural problems due to the pandemic and time-to-intervention in ES routine. Results: 367 collaborators from 59 countries responded to the survey. The majority indicated that the pandemic still significantly impacts on treatment and outcome of surgical emergency patients (83.1% and 78.5%, respectively). As reasons, the collaborators reported decreased case load in ES (44.7%), but patients presenting with more prolonged and severe diseases, especially concerning perforated appendicitis (62.1%) and diverticulitis (57.5%). Otherwise, approximately 50% of the participants still observe a delay in time-to-intervention in ES compared with the situation before the pandemic. Relevant causes leading to enlarged time-to-intervention in ES during the pandemic are persistent problems with in-hospital logistics, lacks in medical staff as well as operating room and intensive care capacities during the pandemic. This leads not only to the need for triage or transferring of ES patients to other hospitals, reported by 64.0% and 48.8% of the collaborators, respectively, but also to paradigm shifts in treatment modalities to non-operative approaches reported by 67.3% of the participants, especially in uncomplicated appendicitis, cholecystitis and multiple-recurrent diverticulitis. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still significantly impacts on care and outcome of patients in ES. Well-known problems with in-hospital logistics are not sufficiently resolved by now; however, medical staff shortages and reduced capacities have been dramatically aggravated over last two pandemic years

CLASSIFICATION, RECONSTRUCTED PHYLOGENY, AND GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF THE NEW WORLD MEMBERS OF<i>PLATEUMARIS</i>THOMSON, 1859 (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: DONACIINAE)

AbstractNorth American members of the genusPlateumarisThomson, 1859, are revised; 17 species are recognized and 23 taxonomic changes are made in their classification.Plateumarisballi andP.schaefferiare described as new species. Names elevated from subspecies to species rank areP.robusta(Schaeffer) andP.frosti(Schaeffer);P.aurifera(LeConte) is revalidated, removed from junior synonymy withP.wallisi(Schaeffer);Donacia idolaHatch is considered a junior subjective synonym ofP.dubia(Schaeffer);D.pyritosaLeConte is considered a junior subjective synonym ofP.pusilla(Say); an altered species concept is transferred toP.flavipes(Kirby), withD.wallisiSchaeffer as a new junior subjective synonym, andP.flavipesof authors is correctly namedP.shoemakeri(Schaeffer);D.longicollisSchaeffer andD.vermiculataSchaeffer are considered new junior subjective synonyms ofP.neomexicana(Schaeffer);D.flavipennisMannerheim is considered a junior subjective synonym ofP.germari(Mannerheim);D.rufaSay (notD.rufaof authors) is transferred toPlateumarisfromDonacia, with an altered species concept applied to it, andD.affinisKirby,D.sulcicollisLacordaire,D.chalceaLacordaire,D.kirbyiLacordaire, andD.jucundaLeConte are considered new junior subjective synonyms ofP.rufa(Say). The taxon previously consideredD.nitidaGermar (sensu Schaeffer) is redescribed asP.schaefferi;P.nitida(Germar) is a valid, different species, withD.emarginataKirby,D.juncinaCouper, andD.pacificaSchaeffer considered new junior subjective synonyms ofP.nitida. Neotypes are designated forDonacia pusillaSay,Donacia rufaSay,Donacia metallicaAhrens andDonacia nanaMelsheimer; lectotypes are designated for all other names, where necessary.Among Palaearctic taxa,Plateumaris morimotoiKimoto andP.hirashimaiKimoto are considered new junior subjective synonyms ofP.weiseiDuvivier, andP.sachalinensisMedvedev,P.orientalisShavrov andDonacia mongolicaSemenov are considered probable junior subjective synonyms ofP.weisei;P.sulcifronsWeise andP.affinis(Kunze) and its synonyms are considered new junior subjective synonyms ofP.rustica(Kunze);P.caucasicaZaitsev is considered a probable junior subjective synonym ofP.roscidaWeise;P.discolor(Panzer) (and its synonyms) andP.lacordairii(Perris) are considered junior subjective synonyms ofP.sericea(L.); newP.obsoletaJacobson andP.sociaChen are considered probable junior subjective synonyms ofP.sericea.Based on phylogenetic analysis, five species groups are recognized, theP.braccatagroup (two species),P.rufagroup (five species),P.pusillagroup (eight species),P.shoemakerigroup (four species), andP.nitidagroup (seven species). The current subgeneric classification ofPlateumarisis rejected. Characters hitherto used for subgenera ofPlateumarisare shown to be either plesiomorphic or widely distributed among unrelated taxa; the relatively minor structural differences do not merit use of a subgeneric classification.JuliusinaReitter is a junior objective synonym ofPlateumarisThomson.Based on fossil and chorological data, the geographic history of donaciines in general and ofPlateumarisin particular is deduced to be so old as to obscure correlations of more recent phylogenetic divergences with specific geologic events. The geographic history of even the most highly derived donaciine groups extends well into the Cretaceous. Therefore, explanations are speculative beyond the generality that donaciines have a long geologic history.</jats:p

THE IDENTITY OF <i>DONACIA CUPREA</i> KIRBY, 1837, AND <i>DONACIA QUADRICOLLIS</i> SAY, 1827, WITH A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF MEMBERS OF THE <i>DONACIA SUBTILIS</i> KUNZE-GROUP (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: DONACIINAE)

AbstractThe Donacia subtilis species-group, comprising D. subtilis Kunze, D. fulgens LeConte, D. confluenta Say, and D. tuberculifrons Schaeffer, is newly defined. A key to species, and genitalic figures of males for the species are given. Types are designated for all names where necessary. Donacia cuprea Kirby, 1837 (lectotype female, BMNH, designated herein), the oldest name available for D. quadricollis, auctorum, is revalidated. Donacia quadricollis Say, 1827 (neotype male, MCZ, designated herein) is newly placed as junior subjective synonym of D. subtilis Kunze, 1818. Donacia confluenta Say, 1827 (neotype male, MCZ, designated herein) is removed from synonymy of D. subtilis Kunze on the basis of differences in male genitalic structure. Donacia magistrigata Mead, 1938, is transferred from junior subjective synonymy of D. fulgens LeConte, 1851 (lectotype male, MCZ, designated herein) to junior subjective synonymy of D. subtilis Kunze, on the basis of similarity of male genitalic structure. The collection of Ahrens is lost, therefore a neotype for D. aenea Ahrens, 1810, not Hoppe, 1795, is designated (CNC, male). Donacia aerea Lacordaire, 1845 (lectotype, male, BMNH, designated herein) remains as junior subjective synonym of D. subtilis Kunze.</jats:p