Use Of Medical Library By Undergraduate Medical Students In A Medical College Of North India

Research question: 1. What is the utilization of medical library by undergraduates? Objectives: (1) To know about frequency of library visit and use of various reading materials available in library by undergraduates.(2) Opinion regarding reading of scientific journals. Study design: Cross- sectional study. Participants : 129 medical interns. Study period: Month of December, 1994. Study variables : Frequency of library visit, purpose of visit and opinion regarding scientific journals. Statistical analysis: Percentages, Chi square test. Results : Although 97% interns visited library during undergraduate period, only 41.1% of them had regular visits. Majority (81.7%) consulted textbooks only. Forty six percent interns accepted utility of journals whereas 33.4% had negative opinions. Conclusion: There is a need of training and motivation to the undergraduates for regular use of library and reading selected articles useful for them

Youth Violence: An Emerging Public Health Problem

Youth violence has been a major social problem for the Western world for long. The problem in South-East Asia is of recent origin. It is pervading the lives of significant portion of young people regardless of social class, race, ethnicity, culture or country. Youth violence includes various behaviors such as bullying, slapping or hitting and other behaviors such as robbery and assault could also be fatal. Violence involving young people adds greatly to the costs of health and welfare services, reduces productivity, decreases the value of property, disrupts a range of essential services and generally undermines the fabric of society. Thus it becomes pertinent to understand youth violence in all aspects so as to develop an appropriate prevention approach for tackling this menace. The current paper highlights the burden of youth violence in the region. It also attempts to describe various aspects of youth violence, its risk factors and what approach could be followed to tackle it

Stage at diagnosis and delay in seeking medical care among women with breast cancer, Delhi, India

Background: Patients with cancer often delay seeking medical advice in developing countries. It can adversely influence the outcome of disease. Objectives: The present study was performed to determine the stage at diagnosis and delay in seeking medical care among women with breast cancer in Delhi, India. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on a census (case series) approach to reach all women (172) diagnosed with primary breast cancer �detected in surgery Out Patient Department (OPD) from January 2007 to December 2009� at Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India. Patients were interviewed using a self-structure questionnaire. Seeking behavior variables were awareness of problem, first consultation, followed physician's advice, detection of problem, system of medicine and gap between knowing the problem and consultation (patient delay). Statistical Analysis was performed using the Microsoft SPSS-pc version 14.0 statistical program. The analytic methods were used (mean, standard deviation, X2, Fisher's Exact Test, K-S, Kruskal-Wallis) for variables. All statistical tests were performed at a significance level of 5 (P &lt; 0.05). Results: the mean age of women was 46.99 years. 38.4 of women were � 40 years. 61 of women were in stage IV of cancer at the time of diagnosis. The mean duration of gap between knowing the problem and consulting a physician (patients delay) was 10.90 months. There was no significant association between stage of cancer and consultation gap. A significant association was found between the stage of breast cancer and income; women with lower income had a higher stage of breast cancer (P < 005). Conclusions: A significant association was found between ages of women with their delays in consultation. Delay is still prevalent amongst women with breast cancer. It seems necessary to design educating programs for women in both clinical and community settings, about breast cancer and early detection practices. © 2014, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal

Risk Factors With Breast Cancer Among Women in Delhi

Background: The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise in India, breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in Indian women. Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the association of various risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi. Settings and Design: This was a case-control study in Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. Methods and Material: 332 women were studied. Subjects were women with breast cancer (N = 115) and age matched Control subjects (N-217) without breast cancer, attending Lok Nayak Hospital during 2006. Subjects were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The risk factors studied were: age, parity, socioeconomic status, marital status, breast feeding, menarche, menopause, family history. Statistical Analysis: Data was expressed in proportion. Results and Conclusions: Age of the patient ranged from 25 to 80 years. In this study, 69 (60%) cases and 127 (58.5%) controls were illiterate, the mean duration sum of total breast feeding for all children was 6.58 years in cases and 7.4 years in controls (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.17 - 3.13) (P < 0.006). In the present study 52.9% of the cases and 47.9% of controls had attained menopause before the age of 45 years, and a higher number of controls were living with spouses than cases (P < 0.0001). A larger number of controls (150, 69.1%) were living in urban areas than cases (65, 56.5%) (P< 0.05). There was a significant difference between breast cancer cases and controls in relation to place of residence, occupation, marital status, body mass index and breast feeding

Risk Factors With Breast Cancer Among Women in Delhi

Background: The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise in India, breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in Indian women. Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the association of various risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi. Settings and Design: This was a case-control study in Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. Methods and Material: 332 women were studied. Subjects were women with breast cancer (N = 115) and age matched Control subjects (N-217) without breast cancer, attending Lok Nayak Hospital during 2006. Subjects were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The risk factors studied were: age, parity, socioeconomic status, marital status, breast feeding, menarche, menopause, family history. Statistical Analysis: Data was expressed in proportion. Results and Conclusions: Age of the patient ranged from 25 to 80 years. In this study, 69 (60%) cases and 127 (58.5%) controls were illiterate, the mean duration sum of total breast feeding for all children was 6.58 years in cases and 7.4 years in controls (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.17 - 3.13) (P &lt; 0.006). In the present study 52.9% of the cases and 47.9% of controls had attained menopause before the age of 45 years, and a higher number of controls were living with spouses than cases (P &lt; 0.0001). A larger number of controls (150, 69.1%) were living in urban areas than cases (65, 56.5%) (P&lt; 0.05). There was a significant difference between breast cancer cases and controls in relation to place of residence, occupation, marital status, body mass index and breast feeding

Attitude of medical students towards occupational safety and health : A multi-national study

Background: Work-related diseases contribute immensely to the global burden of diseases. Better understanding of attitudes of health care workers towards occupational safety and health (OSH) is important for planning.Objective: To assess the attitude of medical students towards OSH around the globe.Methods: A questionnaire assessing the attitude towards OSH was administered to medical and paramedical students of 21 Medical Universities across the globe. In the current study 1895 students, aged 18–36 years, from 17 countries were included. After having performed a principal components analysis, the associations of interest between the identified components and other socio demographic characteristics were assessed by multivariate linear regression.Results: Principal component analysis revealed 3 components. Students from lower and lower-middle-income countries had a more positive attitude towards OSH, but the importance of OSH was still rated higher by students from upper-income countries. Although students from Asian and African continents showed high interest for OSH, European and South-Central American students comparatively rated importance of OSH to be higher. Paramedical students had more positive attitude towards OSH than medical students.Conclusion: The attitude of students from lower-income and lower-middle-income towards importance of OSH is negative. This attitude could be changed by recommending modifications to OSH courses that reflect the importance of OSH. Since paramedical students showed more interest in OSH than medical students, modifications in existing health care system with major role of paramedics in OSH service delivery is recommended. © 2015, Int J Occup Environ Med. All right reserved

Attitude of medical students towards occupational safety and health : A multi-national study

Background: Work-related diseases contribute immensely to the global burden of diseases. Better understanding of attitudes of health care workers towards occupational safety and health (OSH) is important for planning.Objective: To assess the attitude of medical students towards OSH around the globe.Methods: A questionnaire assessing the attitude towards OSH was administered to medical and paramedical students of 21 Medical Universities across the globe. In the current study 1895 students, aged 18–36 years, from 17 countries were included. After having performed a principal components analysis, the associations of interest between the identified components and other socio demographic characteristics were assessed by multivariate linear regression.Results: Principal component analysis revealed 3 components. Students from lower and lower-middle-income countries had a more positive attitude towards OSH, but the importance of OSH was still rated higher by students from upper-income countries. Although students from Asian and African continents showed high interest for OSH, European and South-Central American students comparatively rated importance of OSH to be higher. Paramedical students had more positive attitude towards OSH than medical students.Conclusion: The attitude of students from lower-income and lower-middle-income towards importance of OSH is negative. This attitude could be changed by recommending modifications to OSH courses that reflect the importance of OSH. Since paramedical students showed more interest in OSH than medical students, modifications in existing health care system with major role of paramedics in OSH service delivery is recommended. © 2015, Int J Occup Environ Med. All right reserved