The Effectiveness of Antibiotics and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Treatment in Periodontitis Rat Model Toward TNF α Expression

Periodontitis is a biofilm-induced chronic inflammatory. The current therapy of periodontitis is scaling root planning and curettage, and followed by administration of antibiotic such as combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid. Hematopoietic Stem Cell has ability to differentiate into blood cells which is capable of homing and regenerating itself. Research Purpose: The aim of this study was to prove antibiotic and Hematopoietic Stem Cell administration can reduce TNF α expression. Method: This research was divided into four different groups, P1 as negative control group, P2 as positive control group which inoculated with P.gingivalis 109 for three weeks as chronic periodontitis rat model and USP were administered, P3 as chronic periodontitis rat model received Hematopoietic Stem Cell injection into the tail vein of rat, P4 as chronic periodontitis rat models were given Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid 250 mg/kg BW orally then followed by Hematopoietic Stem Cell 106 injection into the tail vein of rat. After two weeks rat were sacrified and immunohistochemically analysed for expression of TNF α. The data were analysed by using Non-Parametric Test. Result: TNF α expression of negative control group was different as compared to positive control group and treatment group which given Hematopoietic Stem Cell injection, but there is no difference between negative control group with treatment group which given  Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid 250 mg/kg BW orally and followed by Hematopoietic Stem Cell injection. Clonclusion: The administration of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid 250 mg/kg BW and Hematopoietic Stem Cell can reduce TNF α expression on periodontitis rat model.Keyword: Hematopoetic Stem Cell, TNF α, Chronic Periodontitis, Antibioti

Polimorfisme gen osteoprotegerin dan matriks metaloproteinase-1 sebagai faktor prediksi periodontitis agresif

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) merupakan regulator kunei osteoklastogenesis, dan matriks metalloproteinase-l (MMP~l) adalah enzim proteolitik yang mendegradasi matriks ekstraselular dan berperan penting dalam destruksi jaringan periodontal. Polimorfisme gen OPG~223 dan MMP-1-1607 telah diidentifikasi dan tampaknya berpengaruh terhadap tran:"kripsi gen tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti apakah terdapat hubungan antara polimorfisme gen OPG-223 dan MMP-1-1607 dengan kerentanan terhadap periodontitis agresif Materi dan metode: Dua puluh penderita periodontitis agresif dan empat puluh penderita periodontitis kronis diikutkan dalam penelitian ini. PoIimorfisme OPG dan MMP-l dianalisis dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)

Polimorfisme gen osteoprotegerin dan matriks metaloproteinase-1 sebagai faktor prediksi periodontitis agresif

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) merupakan regulator kunei osteoklastogenesis, dan matriks metalloproteinase-l (MMP~l) adalah enzim proteolitik yang mendegradasi matriks ekstraselular dan berperan penting dalam destruksi jaringan periodontal. Polimorfisme gen OPG~223 dan MMP-1-1607 telah diidentifikasi dan tampaknya berpengaruh terhadap tran:kripsi gen tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti apakah terdapat hubungan antara polimorfisme gen OPG-223 dan MMP-1-1607 dengan kerentanan terhadap periodontitis agresif Materi dan metode: Dua puluh penderita periodontitis agresif dan empat puluh penderita periodontitis kronis diikutkan dalam penelitian ini. PoIimorfisme OPG dan MMP-l dianalisis dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)

Anti-adherence potential of immunoglobulin Y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans against Aggregatibacter

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is the main cause of aggressive periodontitis. Immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) is the main antibody in poultry, reptiles, lungfish and can be found in chicken egg yolk. IgY has been proven effective to prevent against several pathogens that harm towards animals and humans. This study purpose is to investigate that Ig YA. actinomycetemcomitans have an anti-adherence potential against A. actinomycetemcomitans adherence on epithelial cell as an alternative prevention of periodontitis. The sample group was divided into 8 groups, 1 control group and 7 treatment groups. The control group consisted of a control group of A. actinomycetemcomitans. The number of bacteria attached to 100 enterocyte cells was calculated to determine the adhesion index. IgY in egg yolk can significantly reduce the adhesion index of A. actinomycetemcomitans bacteria in each concentration group. IgY A. actinomycetemcomitans have an anti-adherence potential against A. actinomycetemcomitans adherence in epithelial cel

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of COL1A1 and COL11A1 in Class II Skeletal Malocclusion of Ethnic Javanese Patient

Background: The prevalence of malocclusion cases in the orthodontic specialist clinic in Airlangga University’s Dental Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, in 2014–2016 is fairly high, as 55.34% of the occurrences were identified as class II skeletal malocclusion. This type of skeletal malocclusion, which is usually recognized in adults, occurs as a result of variation during growth and development. Lately, there have been many reports on gene polymorphisms of COL1A1 and COL11A1, which are assumed to be associated with class II skeletal malocclusion in Caucasians. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of COL1A1 and COL11A1 with class II skeletal malocclusion in Javanese ethnic group patients with mandibular micrognathism. Materials and Methods: The diagnosis of class II skeletal malocclusion was established using the lateral cephalometric radiographs (ANB angle ≥4°) (n=50). DNA was extracted from the patient’s peripheral blood. After that, PCR, electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing were conducted on the extracted DNA based on COL1A1 and COL11A1 primers. Results: The SNPs in COL1A1 are c.20980G/A in 27 patients and c.20980G>A in 8 patients, whereas SNPs in COL11A1 are both c.134373C/A and c.134555C/T in 8 patients and both c.[134373A>C] and c.134582G>A in 10 patients. All samples show the deletion (c. [134227delA]) in COL11A1. Conclusion: SNPs in COL1A1 and COL11A1 have been found in class II skeletal malocclusion of Javanese ethnic group patients. Seventy percent of SNPs in COL1A1 occur in rs.2249492, whereas 36% of newly discovered SNPs appear in COL11A1. All samples also have deletion in COL11A1

Ghrelin and Serotonin as Indicators of Obesity due to The Influence of Circadia on Wistar Rats

Introduction: One of the main factors supporting obesity is the disruption in the performance of the circadian rhythm which results in a decrease in the quality and quantity of sleep, which triggers stress which is regulated by the hormone serotonin in the body. This increase in serotonin is related to factors that trigger the risk of obesity, besides that melatonin and leptin in the body can decrease, thereby increasing ghrelin which stimulates appetite. The aim of this study was to prove that ghrelin and serotonin can be used as indicators of obesity in Wistar rats as experimental animals. Materials and Methods: This study involved 3 groups with each group consisting of 6 samples. Group 1 was the normal group (12 hours light, 12 hours dark), group 2 was the dark group (24 hours dark) and group 3 was the light group (24 hours light. Each group was treated with circadian and modified feed until obesity was found and then the blood measured using the Rat ELISA Kit. Results: The results of the correlation test of body weight of Wistar rats with ghrelin and serotonin show that there is a strong relationship between body weight and ghrelin with p-value = 0.006 (p< 0.05), r= 0.609. The correlation between body weight and serotonin was moderate with p-value = 0.023 (p< 0.05), r= 0.517. Conclusion: Ghrelin and Serotonin can be used as indicators of obesity in Wistar rats

Antioxidant Effects of Graptophyllum pictum Leaf Extract on Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels of Mice Induced By a Toxic Dose of Paracetamol

Background: Antioxidants are important substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damage caused by free radicals-induced oxidative stress. A shift in the balance between oxidants and antioxidants promotes oxidative stress. Graptophyllum pictum (GP) contains substances that are efficacious as antioxidants. Aim and Objectives:To prove the antioxidant effects of GP leaf extract on Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of mice induced by a toxic dose of paracetamol. Material and Methods: Thirty mice were randomly divided into five groups(n=6); Negative Control (NC) was without treatment, Positive Control (PC) with aquadest + paracetamol, T1: GP leaf extract 150 mg/kg BW + paracetamol, T2: GP leaf extract 300 mg/kg BW+ paracetamol, T3: GP leaf extract 600 mg/kg BW+ paracetamol. Extracts were given on the 1st to 10th day and paracetamol induction was performed on the 8th, 9th, and 10th days. On the 11th day, blood serum samples were collected and the level of MDA was then measured Results: T1, T2, T3 had the lower number of MDA levels when compared with the PC (3.625±0.374, 3.147±0.222, 2.574±0.319). One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc test with Tukey showed that there was a significant difference between PC and T1, T2, T3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: GP extract has an antioxidant effect on the prevention of elevated MDA levels. A dose of 600 mg/kg BW was found to be the most effective in preventing elevation of MDA levels after a toxic dose of paracetamol was induced

The Ability Of Immunoglobulin Y From Porphyromonas Gingivalis To Prevent Adhesion Of Fusobacterium Nucleatum And Aggregatibacter

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis are the periodontitis bacterium. IgY is a type of immunoglobulin that found in poultry, such as: chicken and birds. IgY can be used as an alternative prevention of plaque accumulation, which can cause chronic periodontitis. IgY is attractive for oral immunotherapy due to its several properties. The aim of this study was to prove IgY in egg yolk ability that can prevent the adhesion of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria on enterocyte cell. The sample was divided into 8 groups, each group containing 10 ml of Porphyromonas gingivalis IgY and 50 enterocyte cells. The control group contained 50 ml of Porphyromonas gingivalis IgY and 50 ml of enterocyte cells. The first group to the seventh group was performed serial dilution with the first group containing 90 ml PBS and 10 ml Porphyromonas gingivalis IgY, the second group to the seventh group containing 50 PBS before adding 50 ml of enterocyte cells and 50 ml of bacterial suspension per group. The inherent bacterial count was calculated using a light microscope and the adherence index value was calculated. This study shows that Porphyromonas gingivalis IgY can significantly reduce the adherence index value of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and can reduce the adherence index value of Fusobacterium nucleatum but not significantly. Porphyromonas gingivalis IgY can inhibit. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans adherence, but cannot inhibit Fusobacterium nucleatum adherence

The potency of Immunoglobulin Y anti Porphyromonas gingivalis to inhibit the adherence ability of Porphyromonas gingivalis on enterocytes

Background: Pophyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria are the main type of bacterium that cause chronic periodontitis. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is a type of immunoglobulin found in poultry, such as chickens and birds. IgY can be used as an alternative method of preventing the accumulation of plaque that causes chronic periodontitis. Purpose: To determine the ability of IgY anti P. gingivalis to inhibit adherence of P. gingivalis. Methods: The samples were divided into eight groups, each group containing 10 ml of IgY anti P. gingivalis and 50 ml of enterocyte cells. The control group contained 50 ml of IgY anti P. gingivalis, and 50 ml of enterocyte cells. Serial dilution was carried out to the first seven groups, with the first group containing 90 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 10 ml IgY anti P. gingivalis, and the second to seventh groups containing 50 ml PBS before adding 50 ml of enterocyte cells and 50 ml of bacterial suspension per group. The number of bacteria was calculated as an adherence index value using a light microscope. Results: This study shows that IgY anti P. gingivalis significantly reduces the adherence index value of P. gingivalis. Conclusion: IgY anti P. gingivalis has potency to inhibit the adherence of P. gingivalis

Quantification Molecular Weight of Human Beta Defensin-2 and Human Beta Defensin-3 from Saliva of Caries patient

Background: Dental caries is the most common ultifactorial disease in the world. In saliva of caries patients, occur an increase in innate immunity, such as human beta defensin-2 (HBD-3) and human beta defensin-2 (HBD-3). Research on quantification the molecular weight of HBD-2 and HBD-3 in saliva of caries patients has not done yet. Objective: Determine the molecular weight from HBD-2 and HBD-3 from saliva of caries patients using the Western Blot method. Method: This study was approved by the Health Research Ethical Clearance Commission of Faculty of Dental Medicine Airlangga University No.156/HRECC.FODM/IV/2019. After every individual agreed, saliva sample from 16 children with caries and caries-free in the Dental Hospital Airlangga University was collected in June to July 2019. Male/female aged 9-12 years and DMF-t > 5, taken 5 ml of saliva between 8-10 o'clock, passive-drool method without stimulation. Salivary samples were centrifuged for 20 minutes, 4ºC, with 10.000 rpm. Total protein was calculated using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) Assays before loading into Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PolyAcrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to evaluate protein separation based on molecular weight. Furthermore, Western Blot is performed to ensure the protein that appears is HBD-2 and HBD-3 specific protein using primary and secondary antibodies. Results: THE molecular weight of HBD-2 and HBD-3 in the saliva of caries patients is 43 kDa, while the salivary free-caries band in the gel is unreadable, thus the molecular weight cannot be determined. Conclusion: The molecular weight of HBD-2 and HBD-3 in the saliva of caries patients calculated using the Western Blot method was 43 kDa