The role of libraries in teaching doctoral students to become information-literate researchers:A review of existing practices and recommendations for the future

Purpose This paper aims to review current literature pertaining to information literacy and digital literacy skills and practices within the research workflow for doctoral students and makes recommendations for how libraries (and others) can foster skill-sets for graduate student research workflows for the twenty-first century scholarly researcher. Design/methodology/approach A review of existing information literacy practices for doctoral students was conducted, and four key areas of knowledge were identified and discussed. Findings The findings validate the need for graduate students to have training in information literacy, information management, knowledge management and scholarly communication. It recommends empirical studies to be conducted to inform future practices for doctoral students. Practical implications This paper offers four areas of training to be considered by librarians and faculty advisers to better prepare scholars for their future. Originality/value This paper presents a distinctive synthesis of the types of information literacy and digital literacy skills needed by graduate students

Survey on the use of computational optimisation in UK engineering companies

The aim of this work is to capture current practices in the use of computational optimisation in UK engineering companies and identify the current challenges and future needs of the companies. To achieve this aim, a survey was conducted from June 2013 to August 2013 with 17 experts and practitioners from power, aerospace and automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), steel manufacturing sector, small- and medium-sized design, manufacturing and consultancy companies, and optimisation software vendors. By focusing on practitioners in industry, this work complements current surveys in optimisation that have mainly focused on published literature. This survey was carried out using a questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews lasting around 2 h with each participant. The questionnaire covered 5 main topics: (i) state of optimisation in industry, (ii) optimisation problems, (iii) modelling techniques, (iv) optimisation techniques, and (v) challenges faced and future research areas. This survey identified the following challenges that the participant companies are facing in solving optimisation problems: large number of objectives and variables, availability of computing resources, data management and data mining for optimisation workflow, over-constrained problems, too many algorithms with limited help in selection, and cultural issues including training and mindset. The key areas for future research suggested by the participant companies are as follows: handling large number of variables, objectives and constraints particularly when solution robustness is important, reducing the number of iterations and evaluations, helping the users in algorithm selection and business case for optimisation, sharing data between different disciplines for multi-disciplinary optimisation, and supporting the users in model development and post-processing through design space visualisation and data mining

A level Physics: the rhetoric and reality of educational reform

This thesis examines the reform of A level qualifications in England that took place between 2012 and 2015. It examines how a complex, political, and contested reform process was carried out, and tracks the reform from its initial nucleation points to the first teaching of a reformed qualification. Utilising concepts of power and power relations during this educational reform, this work examines the key figures and organisations that emerge and how they shape the discourse. The interplay between macro- and micro-scale policy reform processes and impacts are analysed in detail through steadily narrowing the focus to one subject, Physics, using it as a lens through which key tensions and discourses are examined. Immersion within both the reform process and Physics results in a study that utilises multiple methods, from document and policy analyses, interviews with physicists and secondary school pupils, and an autoethnographic element to tell the story of this period of educational reform and the power of the Secretary of State for Education who initiated it

A 3D immersive discrete event simulator for enabling prototyping of factory layouts

There is an increasing need to eliminate wasted time and money during factory layout design and subsequent construction. It is presently difficult for engineers to foresee if a certain layout is optimal for work and material flows. By exploiting modelling, simulation and visualisation techniques, this paper presents a tool concept called immersive WITNESS that combines the modelling strengths of Discrete Event Simulation (DES) with the 3D visualisation strengths of recent 3D low cost gaming technology to enable decision makers make informed design choices for future factories layouts. The tool enables engineers to receive immediate feedback on their design choices. Our results show that this tool has the potential to reduce rework as well as the associated costs of making physical prototypes

Development of a form-flexible handling technology with active cooling for hybrid components in forging processes

Tailored Forming is a novel manufacturing process for the production of forged hybrid components. In contrast to components made of mono-materials, hybrid components can be adapted to the respective loads by combining different materials with contradictory properties. Short processing times and high component quality, however, lead to the demand for automated handling and local active cooling within the forming process, since the appropriate processing temperature is particularly important. Due to the fact that the hybrid components are differently hot and change their shape during the forming process, a special gripper system must be provided, which can withstand high temperatures, and ensures both shape variability and local cooling. Nowadays, however, there is a gap between shape variable grippers and rigid grippers for temperature-sensitive processes without any integrated cooling functionalities. Therefore, this paper presents an approach for the development of shape variable high temperature grippers with the use-case of handling hot steel-aluminium hybrid components

Psychiatrically relevant signatures of domain-general decision-making and metacognition in the general population

Human behaviours are guided by how confident we feel in our abilities. When confidence does not reflect objective performance, this can impact critical adaptive functions and impair life quality. Distorted decision-making and confidence have been associated with mental health problems. Here, utilising advances in computational and transdiagnostic psychiatry, we sought to map relationships between psychopathology and both decision-making and confidence in the general population across two online studies (N’s = 344 and 473, respectively). The results revealed dissociable decision-making and confidence signatures related to distinct symptom dimensions. A dimension characterised by compulsivity and intrusive thoughts was found to be associated with reduced objective accuracy but, paradoxically, increased absolute confidence, whereas a dimension characterized by anxiety and depression was associated with systematically low confidence in the absence of impairments in objective accuracy. These relationships replicated across both studies and distinct cognitive domains (perception and general knowledge), suggesting that they are reliable and domain general. Additionally, whereas Big-5 personality traits also predicted objective task performance, only symptom dimensions related to subjective confidence. Domain-general signatures of decision-making and metacognition characterise distinct psychological dispositions and psychopathology in the general population and implicate confidence as a central component of mental health

History biases reveal novel dissociations between perceptual and metacognitive decision-making

Human decision-making and self-reflection often depend on context and internal biases. For instance, decisions are often influenced by preceding choices, regardless of their relevance. It remains unclear how choice history influences different levels of the decision-making hierarchy. We used analyses grounded in information and detection theories to estimate the relative strength of perceptual and metacognitive history biases and to investigate whether they emerge from common/unique mechanisms. Although both perception and metacognition tended to be biased toward previous responses, we observed novel dissociations that challenge normative theories of confidence. Different evidence levels often informed perceptual and metacognitive decisions within observers, and response history distinctly influenced first- (perceptual) and second- (metacognitive) order decision-parameters, with the metacognitive bias likely to be strongest and most prevalent in the general population. We propose that recent choices and subjective confidence represent heuristics, which inform first- and second-order decisions in the absence of more relevant evidence

Проект реконструкции котла БКЗ-210-140 ст. №13 Бийской ТЭЦ

Дипломный проект 182 страницы, 11 рисунков, 8 таблиц, 20 источников, 5 приложений, 6 листов графического материала. ТЕПЛОВАЯ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКАЯ СТАНЦИЯ, КОТЕЛ, ПЫЛЕСИСТЕМА, СХЕМА АВТОМАТИКИ И КИПА. Объектом исследования является котел типа БКЗ-210-140. Цель работы –перевод котлов БКЗ-210-140 на сжигание угля марки «Д». В процессе работы выполнен тепловой расчет котла на непроектное топливо, расчет системы пылеприготовления расчет нового оборудования, технико-экономические расчеты, проведен обзор социальной ответственности при работах в котельном цехе. Так же показана эффективность перехода на непроектное топливо, способы повышения надежности работы котлов, пылесистем. Технико-экономические расчеты показали высокую эффективность предлагаемой модернизации. Пояснительная записка выполнена в текстовом редакторе Microsoft Office Word 2007, чертежи в графических редакторах Компас и Автокад.Graduation project 182 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables, 20 sources, 5 annexes, 6 sheets of graphic material. Thermal power plants, boiler dust system, SCHEME AND AUTOMATION BL. The object of research is the boiler BKZ-210-140. Objective -Translation boilers BKZ-210-140 to burn coal grades "D". In operation, the thermal design of the boiler is made in the non-project fuel pulverization payment calculation system of the new equipment, technical and economic calculations, a review of social responsibility when working in the boiler room. Just shows the effectiveness of the transition to non-project fuel and ways to improve the reliability of the boilers, coal-pulverization systems. Technical and economic calculations have shown high efficiency of the proposed modernization. The explanatory note is made in the text Microsoft Office Word 2007 editor, drawing in the graphic editors AutoCAD and Compass

Heritage Quay: What Will You Discover? Transforming the Archives of the University of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, UK

The Heritage Quay project is changing how archive services at the University of Huddersfield are delivered. This article examines how the Staff/Space/Collections dependency model and Customer Service Excellence framework have been used, and what lessons can be drawn for other archives

Gene Expression Signature of Normal Cell-of-Origin Predicts Ovarian Tumor Outcomes

The potential role of the cell-of-origin in determining the tumor phenotype has been raised, but not adequately examined. We hypothesized that distinct cells-of-origin may play a role in determining ovarian tumor phenotype and outcome. Here we describe a new cell culture medium for in vitro culture of paired normal human ovarian (OV) and fallopian tube (FT) epithelial cells from donors without cancer. While these cells have been cultured individually for short periods of time, to our knowledge this is the first long-term culture of both cell types from the same donors. Through analysis of the gene expression profiles of the cultured OV/FT cells we identified a normal cell-of-origin gene signature that classified primary ovarian cancers into OV-like and FT-like subgroups; this classification correlated with significant differences in clinical outcomes. The identification of a prognostically significant gene expression signature derived solely from normal untransformed cells is consistent with the hypothesis that the normal cell-of-origin may be a source of ovarian tumor heterogeneity and the associated differences in tumor outcome