Community planning as a solution for the challenges of the spatial development

One of the weakness points of the Hungarian local development practice is that the participants of the development are not able to recognize the problems of the specific area, the objectives of the community. One of the methods of the regional development is to involve "external" experts, which has several disadvantages like the collected information are centralized in one hand and the decisions are made in that way, so not all of the local actors’ expectations are realized in the final plan. The base of the community planning is the early participation of the local actors in planning process. Hereby the community interests and goals are able to integrate into the final plan. The advantage of this type of planning is that all participants agree on the process and is committed to its implementation. In our research we intended to lit up the advantages of the planning methods as well as the difficulties during their application. Based on the information accumulated, it seems that the community planning requires more energy but still, the development which can be achieved is more successful

Future challenges and areas of development for supply chain management

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Lympho-myeloid mikrokörnyezet = Lympho-myeloid microenvironment

A madarak B lymphocyta éréséért felelős szervének a bursa Fabriciinek epithelialis telepe ectodermalis eredetű. Heparin-beadeket testosteronba vagy növekedési faktorokba mártva lokálisan implantálva az embryoba, befolyásolni tudjuk az egyes szervek növekedését és differenciálódásáért. CD45 positive hemopoietikus sejtek nemcsak a lymphomyeloid szerveket, hanem a teljes embryo medenchymáját kolonizálják és lokálisan MHC class II antigént expresszálnak. A bélidegrendszer ganglionsejtjeinek vándorlása a kapilláris endothel sejtek VEGR receptorainak gátlásával bénítható. Csirke embryok somatopleurája a végtagbimbók között önálló vér-és érképzést mutat. A thymus 74.3 positive dentritikus sejtjei hemopoietikus eredetűek, de mikroszkópos phenotypusuk meghatározása eddig sikertelen volt. A 74.3 mAb alakalmas eszköz a II. tipusú pneumocyták monitorizálására. BoA1 mAb antitestünk faji restrikció nélkül felismeri a csirke, pulyka, gyöngytyúk, fürj és az obese csirkék chB6 alloantigénjét. A korábbi és a jelen OTKA támogatásával a GALT két új tagját fedeztük fel, melyeket, mint oesophagealis és pylorikus tonsillákat írtuk le. A madárlép residens reticulum sejtjei két forrásból; hemopoietikus és mesenchymalis származnak. A hemopoietikus eredetű reticulum sejtek által termelt extracelluláris mátrix súlyosan károsódik IBDV infekciót követően. Két új monoclonális antitestünket is karakterizáltuk, melyek kizárólag gyöngytyúk thrombocytákat ismernek fel. | The epithelial anlage of the bursa of Fabricius develops from the ectoderm. Heparin-beads, soaked in testosteron or growth-factors, and locally implanted into embryo can influence the organ differentiation without interfering the proliferation and differentiation the of the whole embryo. CD45 positive hemopoietic cells colonize the entire mesenchyme of the embryo and after colonization they start to express MHC class II antigen. Formation of intestinal nervous system can be inhibited by preventing the binding of the ligand to the VEGF receptor of capillary endothel. The somatopleura between the anterior and posterior limb buds is capable of own hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis. 74.3 positive thymic dendritic cells are of hemopoietic origin. The 74.3 mAb is a convenient tool for monitoring the condition of the type II. pneumocytes. Our novel mAb, designated BoA1, recognizes chB6 alloantigen in different domestic birds obese chicken. By support of the former and recent OTKA grants we discovered two new members of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which were named as oesophageal and pyloric tonsils. The splenic reticular cells develop from two anlages: hemopoietic and mesenchymal. The hemopoietic reticular cells occur in the antigen trapping zone of the spleen. The extracellular matrix of this region is highly sensitive for infectious bursa disease virus infection. The panel of our mAb(s) revealed two mAb(s), which recognize exclusivelly guinea fowl’s thrombocytes

Community planning as a solution for the challenges of the spatial development

One of the weakness points of the Hungarian local development practice is that the participants of the development are not able to recognize the problems of the specific area, the objectives of the community. One of the methods of the regional development is to involve "external" experts, which has several disadvantages like the collected information are centralized in one hand and the decisions are made in that way, so not all of the local actors’ expectations are realized in the final plan. The base of the community planning is the early participation of the local actors in planning process. Hereby the community interests and goals are able to integrate into the final plan. The advantage of this type of planning is that all participants agree on the process and is committed to its implementation. In our research we intended to lit up the advantages of the planning methods as well as the difficulties during their application. Based on the information accumulated, it seems that the community planning requires more energy but still, the development which can be achieved is more successful

Lympho-myeloid és hemopoietikus szervek fejlődésbiológiája: embryomanipuláció = Development of the lympho-myeloid and hemopoietic organs: embryo manipulation

A pályázat fő célja volt a bursai szekréciós dendritikus (BSDC), a follikuláris dendritikus (FDC) és a Langerhans sejtek (LC) eredetének és differenciálódásának vizsgálata. BSDC véreredetű sejtek terminális differenciálódásuk függ az anyai eredetű antigénektől. A A fertőző bursa betegséget okozó vírus először a BSDC-ben mutatható ki, bizonyítva, hogy a BSDC az elsőrendű célsejtje a vírusoknak. 5-fluorouracil okozta heterophil depléció eliminálja a vírusfertőzés okozta mortalitást és a súlyos klinikai tüneteket és emeli a BSDC-k számát. A heterophil granulocyták a BSDC-vel együtt jelentős szerepet játszanak a fertőző bursa betegség (Gumboro) klinikai tüneteinek kialakulásában. Az LC haptén kezelés hatására kivándorolnak az epidermisből és subcután előforduló lymphoid nodulusokban jelennek meg. A lép ellipszoidhoz-asszociált sejtei (EAC) hemopoietikus eredetűek. Az EAC az egyetlen olyan phagocyta tulajdonságú sejt, amely internalizálja a β-galactozidázt ez pedig elindítja az EAC migrációját a T dependens területek (PALS) és a csíracentrumok felé. Monoklonális antitest (E5G12) felismeri az EAC-t és az FDC-t is, mely lehetőséget adott kettős festésre (β-gal hisztokémia és E5G12 immuncytokémia). A kettős festés egyértelmű bizonyítékot szolgáltatott arra, hogy a lép csíracentrumok FDC-jei EAC eredetűek. A csirke embryok vérében perifériás vér fibrocyták jelen vannak, melyek hozzájárulnak a lép organogenesiséhez. Ez a munka vezetett az a lép ellipszoidok körüli Schweigger-Seidel hüvely tokjának felfedezéséhez. A csirkék gastrointestinalis traktusában oesophagealis és pylorus tonsillak kerültek leírásra. | The origin and differentiation of bursal secretory dendritic (BSDC), follicular dendritic (FDC), and Langerhans cells (LC) have been studied. BSDC are blood-borne hemopoietic cells, and their differentiation depends on maternal antigen. The antibody against infectious bursal disease viruses indicates that the BSDC are primary targets of the IBDV. Depletion of heterophil granulocytes by 5-fluorouracil results in elimination of major clinical symptoms and mortality, increase the number of BSDC. After hapten treatment the Langerhans cells migrate out of the epidermis and appear in the subcutaneous lymph nodules. The splenic ellipsoid-associated cells (EAC) are blood-borne cells. They exclusively internalize the β-galactosidase, which initiate their migration to the T dependent region (PALS) and germinal centers. Monoclonal antibody E5G12, recognizes EAC and splenic FDC. Double-staining (β-galactosidase histochemistry) and E5G12 immunocytochemistry provided clearcut evidence that the EAC were precursors of FDC. No double labeled cells were found in the GC of the GALT, which might indicate that the origin of splenic and GALT FDC have had different origin. The presence of the avian peripheral blood fibrocytes in the circulation contribute to the splenic extracellular matrix, which forms arround the ellipsoid a discontinuous sheath, what we called "capsule of Schweigger-Seidel sheath" (CSS). We have identified oesophageal and duodenal tonsils, which are specific for the birds