SHIP ARREST IN INDONESIA AND CROSS-BORDER MARITIME DISPUTE

Ship arrest is an in rem action on ships that exercised with purpose of obtaining security for maritime claims. The arrest is intended to prevent a ship from moving pending settlement of the claim and consequently will also prevent her owners from enjoying any profits. In present shipping industry, which became more borderless, dispute involving different nationals and jurisdictions might arise. In such case, existence of clear and certain rules are one of the keys to resolve them. In respect of that, ship arrest has been introduced in Indonesia through the Law number 17 Year 2008 “Shipping Law”. Since the enactment of Shipping Law, ship arrest is possible to carried out within the Indonesian jurisdiction. However, the practice of ship arrest in Indonesia is relatively new comparing to other countries such as Netherlands and Singapore, which have implemented it long before Indonesia. Another question is whether it is necessary for Indonesia to be a party in international treaties on arrest of ships. Learned from examples outside Indonesia, we may able to see issues concerning ship arrest in Indonesia; existence of the implementing rules, compatibility with the current civil procedural rules, readiness of the courts to implement it, etc. Responding to the development of shipping industry, Indonesia must assured to moving onward by showing its readiness in following international practice on shipping law. This readiness is also an indicator of seriousness in manifesting the idea of making Indonesia as an axis of world maritime

Comparative study on the liver fatty acid profiles of the red toothed trigger fish (Odonus niger) from southwest coast of India

In order to find an alternative source for the highly unsaturated fatty acids oil with lower cost, a marine trash fish Odonus niger has been analysed and characterised. The body weight and the corresponding liver weight of the fish were studied and the results showed that for one gram increase in the size of the animal, the liver weight can increase to 0.04 g. The oil yielding capacity of the liver was assessed by four different methods namely Soxhlet, Bligh and Dyer, Direct steaming and Solar extraction. The percentage of oil yield was high in Soxhlet method (67.7%), but it was 54.3% in Bligh and Dyer method, 42.5% in direct steaming method and minimum of 32.0% in solar extraction method. The solidification point of all the extracted oils remained at 29 ± 0.5° C. The specific gravity (0.95 to 0.96) and refractive index (1.42µ to 1.48µ) of the oil extracted by the four different methods were not varied significantly. The cholesterol contents of the oil extracted by Bligh and Dyer and direct steaming extraction methods were at the highest level (1991.00 and 2059.00mg 100ml^-1) but it was 50% less in other methods. The percentages of PUFA in the total fatty acid of the oils were 13.78, 20.46, 19.07 and 22.54% (by weight) in solar extraction, direct steaming, Soxhlet and Bligh and Dyer methods, respectively. Thus the physico-chemical properties of liver oil of O. niger were found to be influenced by the extraction adopted methods. Also it is clear that Bligh & Dyer method is the suitable method for the extraction of liver oil from marine fishes without much loss of nutrients

Controlling Correlated Tunneling and Superexchange Interactions with AC-Driven Optical Lattices

The dynamical control of tunneling processes of single particles plays a major role in science ranging from Shapiro steps in Josephson junctions to the control of chemical reactions via light in molecules. Here we show how such control can be extended to the regime of strongly interacting particles. Through a weak modulation of a biased tunnel contact, we have been able to coherently control single particle and correlated two-particle hopping processes. We have furthermore been able to extend this control to superexchange spin interactions in the presence of a magnetic-field gradient. We show how such photon assisted superexchange processes constitute a novel approach to realize arbitrary XXZ spin models in ultracold quantum gases, where transverse and Ising type spin couplings can be fully controlled in magnitude and sign.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

Transfer of crab farming technology in coastal villages of Kerala - An integrated approach

Aqua -business is emerging as an important livelihood option for the coastal fisher folk. Among diversified technological options crab farming provides immense opportunity as an alternative for the declinil1g shrimp aquaculture ill disease prone regions. Further it enables the utilization of the under utilized wafer bodies for better aqua productivity. Crab farming has been transferred to 40 fisher folk ill two coastal villages of Kerala by setting up demonstration farms and imparting training. This study shows that crab farming is highly profitable for small and marginal farmers. The major constraint for wider adoption and propagation and lack of hatchery produced seed

Simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of ofloxacin concentrations in plasma and urine

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of ofloxacin in human plasma and urine was developed. The method involved deproteinisation of the sample with perchloric acid and analysis of the supernatant using a reversed-phase C column and fluorescence detection at an excitation wavelength of 290 nm and an emission wavelength of 18 460 nm. The assay was linear from 0.5 to 10.0 mg/ ml. The relative standard deviation of intra- and inter-day assays was lower than 5%. The average recovery of ofloxacin from plasma was 93%. The method was evaluated in samples from healthy subjects whose drug levels were already measured by microbiological assay. Ó 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Comparative Study on the Prediction of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Mini - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Turbulence Models

When dealing with CFD simulations the turbulent nature is seen on most of the engineering flows and these flows need to be solved. Reliable and applicable CFD outputs can be obtained from the accurate modelling of the turbulence as it is one of the most vital elements of CFD modelling. The RANS equations are extensively employed to analyse the complex flows over aircraft and for this purpose, a turbulence model is needed for turbulent flow analyses. Compatible turbulence must be chosen for the exact predictions of aircraft aerodynamic characteristics. In this report, numerical analyses of Mini-UAV are done to compare the outputs of different types of turbulence models for the prediction of aircraft aerodynamic characteristics for various flight conditions i.e., -4° to 40° at Mach number 0.04. ANSYS software is employed for this aerodynamic analysis. The six turbulence models compared are the Spalart-Allmaras, k-ɛ standard, k-ɛ RNG, k-ɛ Realizable, k-ω standard, and k-ω SST model. The impact of several turbulence models on the Mini-UAV aerodynamic performance is also studied numerically and validated with existing experimental data from reliable sources. The lift and drag coefficients for both numerical and experimental results exhibit an excellent correlation at Mach number 0.04. The recorded maximum variation of the coefficient of lift and the lift-to-drag ratio is determined to be 9.43% at a stall angle of attack (38°) and 7.01% at a 4˚ angle of attack among the six various turbulence models. The summation of deviation of coefficients of lift and drag values i.e., 0.0166 for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is found to be less compared with all the other turbulence models so it can be said that the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is the best fit in terms of coefficients of lift and drag for Mini-UAV applications for subsonic flow

Solar Energy Certificate for Engineering Technology Students

Solar Energy is the fastest-growing energy resource in the United States and the world. This industry just hit an important milestone in 2019 of completing two million solar systems installations in the country and is expected to duplicate this quantity by 2023. Organizations and home and business owners in our South Texas region are starting to recognize the benefits of this type of renewable energy. And with the drop in the cost of the components and installation of the solar system, the future for this industry seems promising. Our Program of Engineering Technology, which is part of the College of Engineering and Computer Science of the University of XXXX, is committed to providing our students with the set of skills that make them successful in their careers, but overall, professionals that can contribute to the sustainable development of our region. In this paper, the authors present the scheme for a new certificate in Solar Energy Systems as a part of the Engineering Technology curriculum. This proposal is supported by our departmental Vision of giving the students a robust technical knowledge through industry certificates along with the degree courses, so they can be industry-ready and able to deliver results as soon as they join the workforce, or as entrepreneurs. The backbone of this proposal lays not only in our existing courses in renewable energies and specifically solar energy systems, but also in the expertise of our faculty, and the relationship of the department with the local industry in this field. The solar systems installations by themselves, are endeavors that require an understanding of different fields, such a mechanical, electrical, power electronics, photovoltaics, and management. An important characteristic of the proposed certificate is the holistic approach in which we will be preparing the students not only with the technical skills and the specifics of this technology, but also with all the processes associated with this industry; such as local and federal regulations, codes, grants and tax incentives, and the requirements to connect to the grid of the utility companies. This project represents an important effort within our department, and we believe it has an important content of innovation in engineering education that we would like to share with the ASEE community