On a Singular Second-Order Multipoint Boundary Value Problem at Resonance

The aim of this paper is to derive existence results for a second-order singular multipoint boundary value problem at resonance using coincidence degree arguments

Convergence and Stability of Some Modified Iterative Processes for a Class of Generalized Contractive-like Operators

In this paper, we establish that the modified Jungck-Ishikawa iterative scheme converges strongly to the common fixed point of a pair of weakly compatible mappings satisfying generalized contractive-like conditions in Banach spaces. Furthermore, we study the stability of the iterative scheme. Our results extend and generalize some results in the literature

Higher-order p-Laplacian boundary value problems with resonance of dimension two on the half-line

We apply the extension of coincidence degree to obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of at least one solution for a class of higher-order p-Laplacian boundary value problems with two-dimensional kernel on the half-line. The result obtained improves and generalizes some of the known results on p-Laplacian boundary value problems in the literature. We also validate our result with an example

Different Therapeutic Interventions And Mechanisms of Action of Antisickling Agents Currently in Use in Sickle Cell Disease Management

Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder caused by sickle haemoglobin. In many forms of the disease, the red blood cells can change shape upon deoxygenation due to abnormal sickle haemoglobin polymerisation. The haemoglobin proteins stick to each other, causing the cell to have a rigid surface and sickle shape and in the process damaging the red blood cell membrane, causing the cells to become stuck in blood vessels. This deprives the downstream tissues of oxygen and causes ischaemia and infarction (which may cause organ damage), such as stroke. Incidences of the disease are found most commonly in people of African descent and less commonly in people of Mediterranean, Latino, East Indian, and Arab descent (in that order). In African countries such as Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, and the Republic of Congo, the prevalence of the sickle cell trait is between 20% and 30%, with the disease affecting ˜2–3% of the population. Herbal formulations prepared from plants are known as phytomedicines and are effective in keeping the patient out of a crisis state and enabling them to live stable lives in society, even though the faulty S gene is not eradicated but instead managed. This review highlights some of the therapeutic options in use in the management of sickle cell disease with a view to inspiring future research on this subject

Existence Results for an m-Point Mixed Fractional-Order Problem at Resonance on the Half-Line

This work considers the existence of solutions for a mixed fractional-order boundary value problem at resonance on the half-line. The Mawhin’s coincidence degree theory will be used to prove existence results when the dimension of the kernel of the linear fractional differential operator is equal to two. An example is given to demonstrate the main result obtained

Effect of Carica papaya (Linn) aqueous leaf extract on pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin in rabbits

Purpose: To investigate the fate of ciprofloxacin, after concomitant administration with the aqueous leaf extract of Carica papaya, which herbal practitioners in Nigeria have found helpful in the treatment of painful crisis in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients.Method: Thirteen rabbits were fasted for 12 h and given by oral route 20 mg/kg ciprofloxacin (control group); after a 3-week crossover period, the animals were given 500 mg/kg aqueous extract of Carica papaya followed by 20 mg/kg ciprofloxacin (treatment group). Blood samples were collected over a period of 0 - 24 h post-dosing, and pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin in plasma sample determined using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.Results: Time to attain maximum plasma ciprofloxacin concentration (Tmax), lag time and clearance (CL/F) were higher in the treated group; all other pharmacokinetic parameters showed significant decrease in the treated group (p < 0.005) compared to the control group. The slow rate of elimination of ciprofloxacin in the control group (0.32 ± 0.11 h-1) compared to the treated group (0.21 ± 0.07 h-1) was not due to kidney impairment as plasma creatinine level indicated that kidney function was within normal range (0.68 ± 2.78 mg/dl).Conclusion: The results of the study show that there is interaction between ciprofloxacin and Carica papaya. This interaction can be avoided by taking ciprofloxacin at least 3 h prior to administration of the leaf extract of C. papaya.Keywords: Carica papaya, Ciprofloxacin, Sickle cell anaemia, Herb-drug interaction, Pharmacokinetic

THE REVERSED ESTIMATION OF VARIABLE STEP SIZE IMPLEMENTATION FOR SOLVING NONSTIFF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

This study is design to examine the reversed estimation of variable step-size implementation for solving nonstiff ordinary differential equations. This is exclusively dependent on the principal local truncation error of both predictor and corrector formulae of the same order. Collocation and interpolation methods with the aid of power series as the approximate function is utilized in the construction of a class of predictor and corrector formulae of the same order with distinct. The computed results existed in literatures demonstrated the performance of the method over existing methods. The reversed estimation of predictor and corrector formulae is solely the predictor formulae and also, draws a lot of computational benefits which insures convergence, tolerance level, monitoring the step size and maximum errors

Modeling and Forecasting the Third wave of Covid-19 Incidence Rate in Nigeria Using Vector Autoregressive Model Approach

Modeling the onset of a pandemic is important for forming inferences and putting measures in place. In this study, we used the Vector autoregressive model to model and forecast the number of confirmed covid-19 cases and deaths in Nigeria, taking into account the relationship that exists between both multivariate variables. Before using the Vector Autoregressive model, a co-integration test was performed. An autocorrelation test and a heteroscedasticity test were also performed, and it was discovered that there is no autocorrelation at lags 3 and 4, as well as no heteroscedasticity. According to the findings of the study, the number of covid-19 cases and deaths is on the rise. To forecast the number of cases and deaths, a Vector Autoregressive model with lag 4 was used. The projection likewise shows a steady increase in the number of deaths over time, but a minor drop in the number of confirmed Covid-19 cases

Entropy Generation Analysis of Buoyancy Effect on Hydromagnetic Poiseuille Flow with Internal Heat Generation

This paper presents the entropy generation analysis of buoyancy effect with internal heat generation on a viscous incompressible non-Newtonian hydromagnetic Poiseuille flow through vertical isothermal walls. The solution of the non-linear boundary value problems obtained from the governing equations is constructed via the rapidly convergent semi-analytical technique of Adomian decomposition. Graphs and table are presented to analyse the effects of some parameters on fluid motion, temperature, entropy generation and irreversibility rati

IMPULSIVE DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE TIMES

Results on mild solution of nonclassical ordinary differential equations(NODE) with variable times and impulsive conditions are studied. The moments of impulsive effect depend on the solution