Exploring different representational units in English-to-Turkish statistical machine translation

We investigate different representational granularities for sub-lexical representation in statistical machine translation work from English to Turkish. We find that (i) representing both Turkish and English at the morpheme-level but with some selective morpheme-grouping on the Turkish side of the training data, (ii) augmenting the training data with “sentences” comprising only the content words of the original training data to bias root word alignment, (iii) reranking the n-best morpheme-sequence outputs of the decoder with a word-based language model, and (iv) using model iteration all provide a non-trivial improvement over a fully word-based baseline. Despite our very limited training data, we improve from 20.22 BLEU points for our simplest model to 25.08 BLEU points for an improvement of 4.86 points or 24% relative

Initial explorations in English to Turkish statistical machine translation

This paper presents some very preliminary results for and problems in developing a statistical machine translation system from English to Turkish. Starting with a baseline word model trained from about 20K aligned sentences, we explore various ways of exploiting morphological structure to improve upon the baseline system. As Turkish is a language with complex agglutinative word structures, we experiment withmorphologically segmented and disambiguated versions of the parallel texts in order to also uncover relations between morphemes and function words in one language with morphemes and functions words in the other, in addition to relations between open class content words. Morphological segmentation on the Turkish side also conflates the statistics from allomorphs so that sparseness can be alleviated to a certain extent. We find that this approach coupled with a simple grouping of most frequent morphemes and function words on both sides improve the BLEU score from the baseline of 0.0752 to 0.0913 with the small training data. We close with a discussion on why one should not expect distortion parameters to model word-local morpheme ordering and that a new approach to handling complex morphotactics is needed

The Evaluation of the Sums of More General Series by Bernstein Polynomials

Let n,k be the positive integers, and let S_{k}(n) be the sums of the k-th power of positive integers up to n. By means of that we consider the evaluation of the sum of more general series by Bernstein polynomials. Additionally we show the reality of our idea with some examples.Comment: 6 pages, submitte

January 1958

My dear Brother: It does not require a great stretch of the imagination for me to hear you mutter: Didn\u27t I get one of these yellow sheets only a month ago? Why doesn\u27t he get back to work instead of cluttering up my mail? Well, thereby hangs a tale. A few weeks ago I spent an illuminating, and somewhat dismaying, evening with brother Theophilus in the Middle West. He has a good congregation of about five hundred members. It is an average parish, with the usual complement of saints and sinners, with the lines between them shifting back and forth. Theophilus has worked hard and the Lord of the Church has blessed his hands and his voice

Readability of texts in secondary school mathematics course books

This study aimed to investigate the readability of the fifth-, sixth, seventh and eighth-grade mathematics course books prepared in deference to the 2017 curriculum and distributed to schools by MEB. This study utilized the descriptive document analysis which is a qualitative research method. Readability of the mathematics course books were subjected to a quantitative analysis by Çetinkaya-Uzun Readability Formula. Addressing the readability levels of the texts in secondary mathematics course books, this study performed analyses of average word and average sentence lengths of the texts in secondary school course books. These analyses showed that there is no linear correlation between grade level and word and sentence length averages. Readability scores and levels of the text in the analyzed secondary school mathematics course books are not in parallel with the grade level. Accordingly, readability scores of information and solution texts in the fifth-grade course book were lower than the scores in other grades' course books whereas readability scores of question texts were lower than the scores in all grades' course books but the eighth-grade course book. Readability levels of the text in the analyzed secondary school mathematics course book were found to be on frustration level and educational level. Course books should also include independent texts with readability scores and level

Firmalarda iş mükemmelliği uygulaması ve iş sonuçlarına yansıması - Türkiye imalat sektöründe bir çalışma

Bu makalede; iş mükemmelliği modeli, en iyi uygulamalar ve rekabet gücü arasındaki ilişki Türkiye’de elektronik, çimento, otomotiv ve beyaz eşya yan sanayii sektörlerinde faaliyet gösteren 82 firmayı kapsayan bir dizi sektörel kıyaslama çalısmasından hareketle incelenmektedir

Training of subject specialist librarians in developed countries: a model offering regarding medical librarianship for Turkey

Medical librarianship (ML) has become one of the vital issues today. Expert librarians /information professionals can assist their users in cooperation with academics on issues that fall within their field. In developed countries, specialist librarianship gains importance in Information and Document Management (IDM) education. This study aims to present an idea about the training given in medical librarianship first and then in other specialties (Law Librarianship, Engineering Librarianship, etc.)