The First African American Newspaper of the Xix Century and Its Modern On-Line Media

The article considers Freedom’s Journal, the first African American newspaper of the XIX c., as well as its mission, media topics, remits, columns, social responsibility. The paper has got a modern follower Freedom’s Journal Magazine. It is an ethnic on-line media having inherited not only the title but also the mission, structure, social focus and remits of the first African American paper. The research interest lies in the fact that since the first newspaper closure and slavery abolition in the USA, the Freedom’s Journal model is still popular with modern media which have recently been turning political points.В статье рассматривается первая афроамериканская газета XIX в. Freedom’s Journal, ее программа, тематика, рубрики, социальная значимость, а также современное сетевое издание – этнический ресурс Freedom’s Journal Magazine, унаследовавший не только название, но и миссию, тематику, структуру и социальную направленность своего прототипа. Это вызывает особый интерес, поскольку, спустя почти двести лет с закрытия первого печатного органа афроамериканцев и почти двух веков с отмены рабства, современное издание ставит схожую повестку дня, постепенно набирая социально-политический вес

Generalization of Agranovich-Toshich transformation and constraint free bosonic representation for systems of truncated oscillators

The generalization of Agranovich-Toshich representation of paulion operators in terms of bosonic ones for the case of truncated oscillators of higher ranks is represented. We use this generalization to introduce a new constraint free bosonic description of truncated oscillator systems. The corresponding functional integral representations for thermodynamic quantities are given and the application to investigations of Long Rang Order in the system is discussed.Comment: latex, 8 pages, no figure

Shuttling of Spin Polarized Electrons in Molecular Transistors

Shuttling of electrons in single-molecule transistors with magnetic leads in the presence of an external magnetic field is considered theoretically. For a current of partially spin-polarized electrons a shuttle instability is predicted to occur for a finite interval of external magnetic field strengths. The lower critical magnetic field is determined by the degree of spin polarization and it vanishes as the spin polarization approaches 100%. The feasibility of detecting magnetic shuttling in a $C_{60}$-based molecular transistor with magnetic (Ni) electrodes is discussed [A.~N.~Pasupathy et al., Science 306, 86 (2004)].Comment: Submitted to a special issue of "Synthetic Metals" to appear in March 201

Mechanically Induced Thermal Breakdown in Magnetic Shuttle Structures

A theory of a thermally induced single-electron "shuttling" instability in a magnetic nanomechanical device subject to an external magnetic field is presented in the Coulomb blockade regime of electron transport. The model magnetic shuttle device considered comprises a movable metallic grain suspended between two magnetic leads, which are kept at different temperatures and assumed to be fully spin polarized with antiparallel magnetizations. For a given temperature difference shuttling is found to occur for a region of external magnetic fields between a lower and an upper critical field strength, which separate the shuttling regime from normal small-amplitude "vibronic" regimes. We find that (i) the upper critical magnetic field saturates to a constant value in the high temperature limit and that the shuttle instability domain expands with a decrease of the temperature, (ii) the lower critical magnetic field depends not only on the temperature independent phenomenological friction coefficient used in the model but also on intrinsic friction (which vanishes in the high temperature limit) caused by magnetic exchange forces and electron tunneling between the quantum dot and the leads. The feasibility of using thermally driven magnetic shuttle systems to harvest thermal breakdown phenomena is discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Rethinking The Category Of Revolution

The subject of the study is the category of revolution. The author tries to understand how revolution as a legitimate government overthrow of a sovereign nation works as a concept in current political situation. In her view, since the Islamic Revolution in Iran it becomes quite impossible to classify the revolution as the bourgeois and socialist, since 1991 - to talk about it in line with the theory of change of social formations. In her article the author analyzes the results of the overthrow of the government during the revolution as a legitimate act, and explains why, in her view, the concept of the revolution is “dead”. The category of revolution is studied by the author through techniques of political Conceptology. As the methods of investigation the author used comparative, historical method, and methods of analytic philosophy. The main conclusion of the study is the exhaustion of modern concept of revolution because of its ambiguity and elevated semantic load, which are stretching the notion of enabling and legitimizing any illegal overthrow of the government, including those which are not in the interests of “sovereign nation”. The concept of revolution in the way in which we are accustomed to perceive it, has exhausted itself, because it consists of continuous fiction, but in today's world radically change the structure of suppression and oppression

Primary school student’s spiritual and moral education and digitalization of education: the search for consensus

The article offers pedagogical conditions that contribute to improve the process’ efficiency of primary school students’ spiritual and moral formation in the education’s digitalization condition

On some aspects of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative

The Belt and Road Initiative, proclaimed by China, is ambiguously perceived by its main economic rivals and even meets fierce resistance from Western countries, primarily the United States. This is expressed in putting forward their own initiatives to build infrastructure in developing countries, which, according to the leadership of the United States and the European Union, should counteract the strengthening of the Chinese influence. The article provides evidence that since the leadership of the PRC proposed and launched the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, China has responded to the vital needs of developing countries by cooperating with them in the development of national infrastructure facilities, such as railways, highways and ports, as well as providing financial assistance on exceptionally preferential terms. The essence of the Chinese initiative is to find, form and promote a new model of international cooperation and development through the construction of global transport routes. The article discusses the main infrastructure projects adapted to the real needs of the participating countries of the Chinese initiative. It is noted that China does not impose its own development path on them, and the most important aspect of the implementation of the megaproject is to improve people's lives

Why ribonucleases cause death of cancer cells

Molecular properties and possible mechanisms of action of cytotoxic ribonucleases (RNases), potential antitumor therapeutics, are characterized. The analysis of recent publications and own experimental results have allowed the authors, on the one hand, to distinguish cellular components that are responsible for selective activity of exogenous RNases towards malignant cells, and on the other - to identify the contribution of definite molecular determinants to the enzyme cytotoxicity. The predominant effect of the RNase molecule charge on the cell death induction is shown. The RNase cytotoxic effects are caused by catalytic cleavage of available RNA, by products of its hydrolysis, as well as by non-catalytic electrostatic interaction of exogenous enzyme with cell components. Potential targets for RNase action in a cancer cell have been revealed. The role of modulation of the membrane calcium-dependent potassium channels and ras-oncogene functions in the RNase-induced cell damage is defined. The effect of cytotoxic RNases on gene expression via influencing the RNA interference is discussed

Genomic determinants of nitric oxide biosynthesis in Lactobacillus plantarum: Potential opportunities and reality

As the genomic determinants of nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis were identified in mammals and microorganisms, it became possible to systematically analyze the genetic conditioning of the process in clinically significant lactobacilli. A computer screening of the genetic determinants of synthetic pathways leading to NO production was performed to verify the NO-synthase origin of NO in Lactobacillus plantarum. Experimental evidence for enzymatic NO generation from L-arginine, rather than nitrite, was obtained by EPR spectroscopy. It was shown with the example of L. plantarum NO synthase that the observed functional activity of proteins is due to a complex transformation of the genetic program into a real catalytic function under certain conditions. © 2007 Pleiades Publishing, Inc