A humán kontrolling szerepe a szervezeti biztonság kapcsán

In order to efficiently manage external and internal risks that may jeopardize safety, it is important to develop and maintain a good organisational strategy. In order for organisations to be able to identify and adequately fulfil safety requirements, they need to put suitable supporting systems in place. Planning, implementation as well as decision support and coordination may be supported by function-specific controlling systems at both strategic and operative level. The use of human resource management control systems plays a key role in shaping corporate safety culture. However, there are a great number of success factors in human resources management and organisational behaviour that may not be quantified at all or may only be quantified to a limited extent. Therefore, it may be necessary to use new tools in addition to the traditional ones. The use of new controlling methods to retain human capital and make HR management more efficient may necessitate the examination of soft factors that are hard to quantify and thus may contribute to smoother corporate processes. For this reason, safety may be a new factor to consider in HR Management control support. Key words: safety culture, controlling, human capital, organisational behaviou

ENGINE PRE-WARMING HEAT STORAGE SYSTEMS AS SOLUTIONS TO COLD-STARTING PROBLEMS OF DIESEL ENGINES

The system described in this article provides a solution to the cold-starting problems of Diesel engines by recycling the waste heat of the vehicle produced during operation. The heat regained from exhaust gases and/or from the coolant is stored in a heat storage system connected to the cooling system. The pre-warming taking place a few minutes prior to starting in also realised through the cooling system by applying a battery-fed water pump. The mass and the volume of the heat storage installation is limited, thus in order to attain the adequate heat capacity a storage material of high energy density is needed. It has been shown during the theoretical examination of systems with phase-changing storage materials that the traditional heat storage construction does not let the phase changing end in a few minutes, thus only a part of the stored latent heat can be regained. Rapid pre-warming can be attained by using an experimental installation of the sen-sible heat storage system containing a mixture of water and glycol, mounted in an Ikarus bus and by applying intensive circulation, which results in an efficient way of utilising the stored heat. It is mainly at the pistons that the rapid pre-warming of the engine leads to an increase of temperature. As consequence, the friction at the pistons decreases and the starting of the engine requires less starting power. The higher temperature of the cylinder walls is also more favourable for burning and the end temperature of compression needed for self ignition is more easily attained. During the experiments in the cold wind tunnel, the Diesel engine started firmly every time after the pre-warming procedure of the heat storage system had taken place

A kétnyelvű gyermekek identitáskonstrukciójának alakulása

A bilingvizmus témakörének egyik központi témája a kétnyelvűek identitásának alakulása. Az erre vonatkozó szociolingvisztikai kutatások több dimenzió mentén vizsgálják, hogy a kétnyelven felnövő gyermekből milyen identitású felnőtt lesz és ezt az identitást mi határozza meg. Továbbá, hogy milyen a kétnyelvű saját anyanyelvéhez való viszonya, mi történik az évek során az anyanyelvvel: nyelvvesztés, nyelvváltás, nyelvcsere vagy nyelvmegtartás. (pl.Susan Gal, 2002 , Fodor, 2005)1 A kutatások egy része azt világítja meg, hogy a többségi közösség milyen hatást gyakorol a migráns kétnyelvűek identitására.(pl. Bindorffer, 1997, 2001, Csiszár, 2004)2 Írásomban viszont arra vagyunk kíváncsiak, hogy már jóval korábban, a koragyermekkorban hogyan mutatkozik meg a – két nyelv, két kultúra, két közösség – mentén megélt tapasztalatok alapján az identitáskeresés, hogyan szökkennek szárba a kettős identitás csírái (az Ausztriában élő migráns szülők 3-10 éves gyermekeinél)

ENTWICKLUNG VON STATISCHEN LATENTWÄRMESPEICHERN FÜR NUTZKRAFTFAHRZEUGE

The latent heat storing materials are capable of storing the energy of the solid/liquid phase-change in a significant amount. In this paper, a special application of this storage is discussed, namely the utilization of the waste heat of vehicles for facilitating the re- starting of engines. With Diesel engines, the friction losses considerably increase at a temperature of about 0 °C, and due to this, a higher engine power should be provided for starting, and at the same time, the compression pressure is also reduced, which - in turn - results in the aggravation of starting the engine. On the other hand, in the course of operation a considerable amount of heat will be dissipated into the environment, apart of which can be utilized for cold starting. With the latent heat stores used for pre-heating the vehicle engines, a great storage capacity should be ensured, as well as a high density of energy should be provided for the discharge of the store. In addition, the mass of the store should be possibly small as compared to that of the vehicle. According to the examinations, the used mixture of Ba(OH)2 · 8H2O and water can be considered as a suitable heat storing material. With the applied hybrid heat storage construction, the coolant establishes a good heat transfer between the storing material and the exhaust gases, as well as the engine to be heated up and the storage material, respectively. The metal ribs inserted into the tube stores result in more favourable heat transfer conditions for the solidification of the phase change material. With the ribs amounting to 2,5 volume-flow-rate of the storage material, nearly twice as much thermal power was yielded, and due to it, the mass of the store could be reduced

Study of yield components under heat stress conditions in wheat

High temperature tolerance can be characterised by measuring various plant productivity traits in different developmental stages. The present work investigated the effect of exposure to high temperature (30-35°C) at first node appearance, during early embryo development and in the grain-filling stage on the yield parameters of two winter wheat varieties. Periods of high temperature had diverse effects on wheat plants in different phenophases. The greatest differences between the various developmental stages were found for grain number, grain yield and thousand-kernel weight. Heat stress was demonstrated to have the least effect on total grain number and number of grains per spikelet on the main spike during the grain-filling period. The most pronounced reductions in the traits examined were detected when heat stress was applied during the early embryo development stage

18th-Century Daily Measurements and Weather Observations in the Se-Carpathian Basin: A Preliminary Analysis of the Timişoara Series (1780-1803)

Covering a period of 23 years, the Timişoara (in historical Banat region; today SW-Romania) series is the earliest known long-term 18th-century daily measurement (temperature, pressure) and weather observation series (precipitation, sky coverage, meteorological extremes), preserved in the south-eastern lowlands of the Carpathian Basin. Based on data derived from the original weather diary of the royal pharmacist Karl Joseph Klapka, in this paper the early instrumental measurement and daily observation series is presented referring to the temperature, pressure, precipitation conditions, cloudiness, wind, types of precipitation and extreme weather events that occurred in Timişoara in the period of 1780 -1803. The two daily temperature measurement series show very high (over r=0.95) correlations, while pressure series are also in good agreement with other known late 18th-century measurement series of the same period in the Carpathian Basin (Buda, Miskolc and Kežmarok). The Timişoara-series also contains important information concerning such weather extremes as the severe winter of 1784 or the unusual number of summer fog events in 1783 (presumably related to the Icelandic Lakagígar eruption), which are also reported in the present paper