Uso de AAS em pacientes cardiopatas e ocorrência de Úlcera Perfurada quais as melhores soluções? uma revisão sistemática com metánalise

A administração do ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) é uma das medidas indicadaspelos médicos em caso de suspeita de infarto agudo do miocárdio. De acordo com os especialistas, o medicamento serve para diminuir a agregação de plaquetas e inibir a formação de coágulos no interior das artérias. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar na literatura o uso do Ácido Acetilsalicílico (AAS) em pessoas cardiopatas e sua possível relação com o aparecimento de úlcera. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com base em publicações, dos último cinco anos, que essa temática, extraídas de bases de dados eletrônicas como Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, BVS, Embase e Medline, em língua inglesa e portuguesa. Dos estudo que se aproximaram do objetivo da pesquisa, muitos não relataram a estreita relação entre o uso AAS e o surgimento de úlcera. Assim, espera-se que este estudo sirva de incentivo para que mais estudos sejam realizados sobre essa temática afim de estabelecer e conhecer se há alguma relação entre o fármaco e a doença

Blood pressure responses after combined exercise training in hypertensive postmenopausal women under influence of β-blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers

Introduction: Postmenopausal women are a hypertension risk group, and one of the ways of treating this condition is the practice of regular physical exercises. However, it has not been well described whether antihypertensive drugs influence this ability of exercises to assist in blood pressure control. Objective: The different blood pressure responses were investigated after combined exercise training in hypertensive postmenopausal women under influence of β-blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers. Methods: 21 postmenopausal hypertensive patients were divided into 2 groups: ARB+Ex - angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers users (n=11); and BB+Ex - β-adrenergic blockers users (n=10). Before and after 12 weeks of combined (aerobic and resistance) moderate intensity exercise training, volunteers underwent a battery of evaluations that included: anthropometry, resting and outpatient measures of BP, heart rate (HR) and double product (DP), as well as BP variability analysis (BPV). Results: The generalized two-factor estimation equation test (GEE; time * group) showed time effects with reductions in systolic BP (SPB) at rest (p=0.009; ΔARB+Ex = -5.2±6.4; ΔBB+Ex= -1.6±6.0 mmHg), awake and 24h (p=0.006; 24h ΔARB+Ex = -5.7±8.3; 24h ΔBB+Ex = -3.1±6.7 mmHg), as well as falls in Double Product, SBP standard deviations (i.e. BPV), SPB pressure loads and 24h SBP area under curve in both groups (p=0.005). Group effects were observed with lower values in BB+Ex in HR at rest (p=0.009), awake (p=0.005), sleep (p=0.003) and 24h (p=0.004), as well as DP at rest (p=0.002), awake (p=0.002), sleep (p=0.001) and 24h (p=0.001). Furthermore, were found interaction effects with greater BB+Ex improvements in BPV in awake SBP standard variation (p=0.047; ΔARB+Ex = -0.1±2.2; ΔBB+Ex = -2.3±2.8 mmHg) and awake Diastolic BP (DBP) standard variation (p=0.018; ΔARB+Ex = -0.7±1.6; ΔBB+Ex = -1.3±1.6 mmHg). Conclusions: Resting and ambulatorial BP responses after moderate intensity combined exercise training are similar between BB+Ex and ARB+Ex. This training can reduce SBP and DP during awake and 24h values and reduce SBP variability in both groups, but it seems that these variability responses are greater in BB+Ex.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisDissertação (Mestrado)Introdução: Mulheres após a menopausa fazem parte dos grupos de risco para hipertensão e uma das formas de tratar essa condição é a prática regular de exercícios físicos. Contudo, ainda não se tem bem descrito se as drogas anti-hipertensivas influenciam a capacidade dos exercícios de auxiliar no controle da pressão arterial (PA). Objetivo: Verificar as diferenças das respostas pressóricas ao treinamento com exercícios combinados entre mulheres hipertensas após a menopausa sob influência de β-bloqueadores ou bloqueadores de receptores de angiotensina. Métodos: 21 mulheres hipertensas após a menopausa foram divididas em 2 grupos: BRA+Ex - usuárias de bloqueadores de receptores AT1 de Angiotensina II (n=11); e BB+Ex - usuárias de β-bloqueadores adrenérgicos (n=10). Antes e após 12 semanas de treinamento combinado (Exercícios aeróbios e resistidos) de intensidade moderada, foram submetidas a uma bateria de avaliações que incluíam: antropometria, medidas de repouso e ambulatoriais de PA, frequência cardíaca (FC) e duplo produto (DP), além de análise de variabilidade de PA (VPA). Resultados: As equações de estimação generalizadas de dois fatores (grupo * tempo) demonstraram efeitos do tempo com reduções na PA sistólica (PAS) de repouso (p=0,009; ΔBRA+Ex = -5,2±6,4; ΔBB+Ex= -1,6±6,0 mmHg), de vigília (p=0,002) e de 24h (p=0,006; 24h ΔBRA+Ex = -5,7±8,3; 24h ΔBB+Ex = -3,1±6,7 mmHg), além de quedas em DP, Desvios padrões de PAS (i.e. VPA), Cargas pressóricas de PAS e na área abaixo da curva de PAS de 24h em ambos os grupos (p=0,005). Foram encontrados efeitos de grupo com menores valores em BB+Ex em FC de repouso (p=0,009), vigília (p=0,005), sono (p=0,003) e 24h (p=0,004), além de DP de repouso (p=0,002), vigília (p=0,002), sono (p=0,001) e 24h (p=0,001). Ademais, demonstramos efeitos de interação com melhoras mais acentuadas na VPA de BB+Ex evidenciados nos desvios padrões de vigília da PAS (p=0,047; ΔBRA+Ex = -0,1±2,2; ΔBB+Ex = -2,3±2,8 mmHg) e PA diastólica (PAD) (p=0,018; ΔBRA+Ex = -0,7±1,6; ΔBB+Ex = -1,3±1,6 mmHg). Conclusões: As respostas pressóricas após treinamento com exercícios combinados de média intensidade foram similares entre BB+Ex e BRA+Ex. Este treinamento foi capaz de reduzir PAS e DP durante os períodos de vigília e 24h e reduzir a variabilidade de PAS em ambos os grupos, mas estas respostas de variabilidade parecem ser mais acentuadas em BB+Ex

Effects of physical exercise on stress reactivity and factors that influence responses to physical training in postmenopausal women: hypertension, isoflavones and antihypertensives

Introduction: Postmenopausal women are at risk for cardiovascular disease. One of the strategies to prevent and treat these diseases is physical exercise. However, it is not known whether the different antihypertensive drugs can affect chronic responses to physical exercise. Furthermore, it is not known whether these responses remain in stressful situations after acute or chronic physical exercise. Objective: To investigate cardiovascular responses to physical exercise in daily and stressful situations, focusing on women after menopause. Methods: The present work will be presented in the format of six scientific articles. The texts were organized into three chapters with two studies each: Chapter 1) discusses the differences between normotensive and hypertensive women after menopause in chronic responses to combined physical exercise; Chapter 2) discusses the effects of phytoestrogens and antihypertensives on cardiovascular responses to chronic physical exercise in women after menopause; and Chapter 3) discusses the acute and chronic effects of physical exercise on hypertensive peaks under stress. Results: Among the main results, we highlight: 1) combined physical exercise can decrease blood pressure and improve heart rate modulation in postmenopausal women, regardless of the presence of hypertension; 2) supplementation with isoflavones does not promote additional effects to physical exercise on heart rate variability in post menopause women; 3) users of angiotensin receptor blockers have more pronounced favorable responses to combined physical training in waking systolic BP, while users of β-blockers have more evident responses in blood pressure variability; 4) Blood pressure reactivity does not differ between users of angiotensin receptor blockers and β-blockers after physical exercise training; and 5) both a single session and physical exercise training reduce BP reactivity to stress. Conclusions: Physical exercise is an effective strategy to promote cardiovascular health, both at rest and under stress, regardless of the presence of hypertension or the use of isoflavones, β-blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorCNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisTese (Doutorado)Introdução: Mulheres após a menopausa fazem parte dos grupos de risco de incidência de doenças cardiovasculares. Uma das estratégias para prevenir e tratar essas doenças é o exercício físico. Contudo, não se sabe se os diferentes anti-hipertensivos podem afetar as respostas crônicas ao exercício físico. Além disso, não se sabe se estas respostas se mantem em situações de estresse após exercícios físicos de forma aguda ou crônica. Objetivo: Investigar as repostas cardiovasculares aos exercícios físicos em situações cotidianas e sob estresse, com foco em mulheres após a menopausa. Métodos: O presente trabalho será apresentado em formato de seis artigos científicos. Os textos foram organizados em três capítulos com dois estudos cada: Capítulo 1) discorre sobre as diferenças entre mulheres após a menopausa normotensas e hipertensas nas respostas crônicas ao exercício físico combinado; Capítulo 2) discorre sobre os efeitos de fitoestrogênios e anti-hipertensivos nas respostas cardiovasculares ao exercício físico crônico em mulheres após a menopausa; e Capítulo 3) discorre sobre os efeitos agudos e crônicos do exercício físico nos picos hipertensivos sob estresse. Resultados: Dentre os principais resultados destacamos: 1) o exercício físico combinado pode diminuir a pressão arterial e melhorar a modulação da frequência cardíaca de mulheres na pós-menopausa, independentemente da presença de hipertensão; 2) a suplementação com isoflavonas não promove efeitos adicionais ao exercício físico na variabilidade de frequência cardíaca de mulheres após a menopausa; 3) usuários de bloqueadores do receptor de angiotensina tem respostas favoráveis mais pronunciadas ao treinamento físico combinado na PA sistólica de vigília, enquanto as usuárias de β-bloqueadores apresentam respostas mais evidentes na variabilidade da pressão arterial; 4) A reatividade da pressão arterial não difere entre usuárias de bloqueadores do receptor de angiotensina e β-bloqueadores após treinamento exercício; e 5) tanto uma única sessão, quanto o treinamento com exercícios físicos, reduzem a reatividade da PA ao estresse. Conclusões: O exercício físico é uma estratégia eficaz para promover a saúde cardiovascular, tanto em repouso quanto sob situações de estresse, independente da presença de hipertensão ou do uso de isoflavonas, β-bloqueadores ou bloqueadores do receptor de angiotensina.2023-06-1

Sex and exercise-mode differences in post-exercise blood pressure and heart rate variability responses during a workday

Abstract AIMS To assess the influences of sex and exercise mode on post-exercise Blood pressure (BP) immediately after exercise and during daily work. METHODS 20 healthy adults (9F/11M), randomly underwent three experimental sessions prior to their work routine: RE- Circuit resistance exercise at 40% of 1RM, AE- Aerobic exercise at 60-70% of heart rate (HR) reserve and CON- Control session. BP was assessed before and along the 1st hour of the post-intervention period (i.e. laboratory phase), and intermittently for 9h in the workplace. Results: RE promoted great BP reductions, but only in men, and this reduction persisted along the daily work (Men-RE: SBP= -1069±695 mmHg.540min; DBP= -612±325 mmHg.540min). On the other hand, AE produced slight DBP reduction in men during daily work (Men-AE: DBP= -241±730 mmHg.540min), and in women only in the laboratory phase (Women-AE: SBP= -108±65mmHg.60min). CONCLUSION Resistance exercise promotes a significant positive impact on BP in men but does not seem to be effective for women. On the other hand, AE produces moderate BP reductions in men and women

Isoflavone does not promote additional effects on heart rate variability of postmenopausal women performing combined exercise training: a clinical, controlled, randomized, double-blind study

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of ingesting isoflavones associated with combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV) indices in postmenopausal women. Twenty-eight healthy postmenopausal women performed 10 weeks of combined exercise training associated with isoflavone (n = 16) or placebo (n = 12) supplementation. The RR intervals (RRi) were collected for 20 min using a heart rate monitor. Analysis of HRV was performed in time (mean squared difference of successive RRi (RMSSD), standard deviation of all normal RRi (SDNN), and percentage of adjacent RRi differing by more than 50 ms (pNN50)), frequency (low-frequency percentage (LF%), high-frequency percentage (HF%), and low-/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF)), and nonlinear domains (standard deviation of the instantaneous variability of the beat-to-beat interval (SD1), long-term variability of the continuous RRi (SD2), and their ratio (SD2/SD1)). Student’s t test did not show differences between groups in any general baseline characteristic variables. The results of the generalized estimating equation tests did not demonstrate interaction or group effects for any HRV indices. However, the results reported time effects for mean RR (p < 0.001), RMSSD (p = 0.044), and SD1 (p = 0.044), with increases in these indices in response to exercise training. There were no time effects for LF%, HF%, LF/HF, SDNN, pNN50, SD2, or SD2/SD1. In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation did not promote additional effects on HRV indices of postmenopausal women subjected to 10 weeks of combined exercise training. Novelty - Combined training improves heart rate variability in postmenopausal women. - Isoflavone supplementation did not promote additional effects on heart rate variability in postmenopausal women.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Mat Pilates training reduces blood pressure in both well-controlled hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women: a controlled clinical trial study

Aim The aim of this study was to compare the Mat Pilates training-induced responses in resting and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), blood pressure variability (BPV), and heart rate variability (HRV) in well-controlled hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women. Methods Forty-seven postmenopausal women were allocated in well-controlled hypertensive (HT) and normotensive (NT) groups. The exercise program was performed three times a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention resting, blood pressure (BP), ABPM, HRV, and BPV were analyzed. Results Student’s t-test showed no difference in baseline anthropometric and resting BP values between groups. The generalized estimation equation (GEE) showed no interactions (group*time), but time (p < .05) reductions in resting systolic, diastolic and mean BP after training in both groups. Sleep ambulatory systolic, diastolic and mean BP were higher overall in the HT group (p < .05 in group effect). We also found a time effect (p < .05) with significant increases in BPV in the mean diurnal and nocturnal deviations weighted for the duration of the daytime and nighttime interval (SDdn) in systolic, diastolic and mean BP, and in the average real variability (ARV) in diastolic and mean in both groups. In addition, HRV increases (p < .05 in time effect) through the percentage of pairs of adjacent RR intervals with a difference of at least 50 ms (pNN50) after training in both groups. Conclusion Both normotensive and well-controlled hypertensive postmenopausal women may have similar Mat Pilates exercise training-induced responses in ambulatory BP, BPV and HRV

Redox Status of Postmenopausal Women with Single or Multiple Cardiometabolic Diseases Has a Similar Response to Mat Pilates Training

Postmenopausal women have a high prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases and that may associate with higher oxidative stress. Exercise can contribute to the treatment of such diseases, but some modalities, such as Mat Pilates, need to be further studied in terms of their physiological responses. Our aim was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of Mat Pilates on redox status in postmenopausal women with one or multiple comorbidities of cardiometabolic diseases. Forty-four postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: SINGLE, composed of women with one cardiometabolic disease (n = 20) and MULT, with multimorbidity (n = 24). Mat Pilates training was conducted three times a week for 12 weeks, and each session lasted 50 min. Plasma samples were collected before and after training to analyze the following redox markers: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity due to ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid, and carbonyl protein. ANCOVA showed interaction effects in FRAP (p = 0.014). Both groups had reduced levels of catalase (p = 0.240) and GSH (p = 0.309), and increased levels of carbonyl protein (p = 0.053) after intervention. In conclusion, the redox status of postmenopausal women shows no changes mediated by Mat Pilates training between SINGLE and MULT, except for greater reductions of FRAP in SINGLE

Antioxidant Responses in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women after Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion and Aerobic Exercise: Double Blind and Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

This study is aimed to analyze the effect of different nitrate concentrations [NO3-] present in beetroot juice (BJ) on salivary oxidative stress markers after acute exercise performance in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Thirteen hypertensive postmenopausal women participated in three experimental sessions, taking different beverages: noncaloric orange flavored drink (OFD), low nitrate (low-NO3-) BJ, and high nitrate (high-NO3-) BJ. The participants performed aerobic exercise on a treadmill, at 65–70% of heart rate reserve (HRR), for 40 min. Saliva samples were collected after an overnight fast, 10 minutes before BJ ingestion at 7 : 20 am (0′), 120 minutes after beverages ingestion (130′), immediately after exercise (170′), and 90 min after exercise (260′). Salivary total protein (TP), catalase activity (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) concentrations were analyzed. No interaction (session∗time) was found among three sessions over time. Catalase area under the curve (AUC) was lower after both low-NO3- and high-NO3- consumption (p<0.001), and GSH AUC was lower after high-NO3- (p<0.001) compared with OFD. So, the acute intake of BJ with aerobic exercise seems to decrease catalase (in high-NO3- and low-NO3-) and GSH (in high-NO3-), besides not interfering with FRAP in hypertensive postmenopausal women

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data