Productivity of Micronutrients from Integrated Aquaculture Agriculture Systems: Evidence from Bangladesh

Abstract accepted for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the World Aquaculture Society held in Singapore on 29 November to 2 December 2022. The presentation discussed the survey results on measuring micronutrient productivity in integrated aquatic farming systems for nutrition sensitive agriculture in Bangladesh

Measuring Micronutrient Productivity in Integrated Aquatic Farming Systems for Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture

The presentation showcased the survey results on measuring micronutrient productivity in integrated aquatic farming systems for nutrition sensitive agriculture in Bangladesh. The study suggested that integrated aquaculture-agriculture can be beneficial for both economic and nutritional productivity and can be used to identify and promote crop combinations to optimize both outcomes

Agricultural transformation, technology adoption and inclusion of small farmers: The case of dairy in East Africa

Based on unique primary surveys, we study dairy transformation processes in East Africa, specifically in Ethiopia and Uganda. Evidence on transformation and differential paths followed in doing so in these countries is often limited due to a lack of data. We note significant changes in the dairy sector over the last decade - with more adoption of cross-bred cows and higher milk yields - seemingly driven by rapid changes in local demand (Ethiopia and Uganda) and export markets (Uganda). However, while small farmers were included in that transformation in Uganda, they were not in Ethiopia. This was seemingly driven by better and cheaper accessibility for cross-bred cows that small farmers can better bear in Uganda

Dietary inadequacy in Tanzania is linked to the rising cost of nutritious foods and consumption of food-away-from-home

This study contributes to the growing literature on dietary quality and accessibility in the Global South. We analyze the nutrition implications of changing dietary patterns between 2008 and 2019 in one of Africa's largest and fastest growing economies, Tanzania, and compare patterns at national and sub-national scales. We find that: (1) Rising incomes have not been associated with marked increases in the diversity of food consumed at home; (2) Consumption of food away from home has increased dramatically; (3) Most food consumed in Tanzanian homes is purchased instead of self-produced; (4) There have not been clear improvements in the adequacy of micronutrient consumption obtained from food eaten at home; (5) The most affordable sources of key micronutrients, including nutrient dense foods such as dried fish, have become more expensive. Our findings indicate that in Tanzania the amount and diversity of nutritious foods eaten at home have not improved with rising incomes, but consumption of energy-dense processed foods eaten away from home has increased rapidly, likely reflecting differences in convenience and relative prices. To improve Tanzanian diets in coming years, coordinated nutrition-sensitive policy actions will be required on both the supply- and demand-sides

Integrated aquatic and terrestrial food production enhances micronutrient and economic productivity for nutrition-sensitive food systems

Integrated aquaculture–agriculture (IAA) is a form of crop diversification where aquatic and terrestrial foods are grown together on a single parcel of land. We compare economic and nutrient productivity per hectare for 12 distinct IAA combinations, identified from a representative survey of 721 farms in southern Bangladesh. Just under half of households integrate agriculture into their aquaculture production. Regression analyses show positive associations between the integration of terrestrial foods into aquatic farming systems and nutrient productivity, but that nutrient productivity is partly disconnected from economic productivity. However, we find that production of specific combinations of aquatic foods and vegetables can simultaneously improve nutrient productivity and economic productivity, thereby promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA). The approach demonstrated here can be applied to the design of NSA programmes that are important for realizing nutrition-sensitive food systems

Trade, value chain technology and prices: Evidence from dairy in East Africa

Agricultural value chains, particularly in the developing world, have been going through drastic changes over the past decades. Differences in world market participation and access to value chain technologies might however have resulted in uneven experiences across countries. In this paper, we explore their impact on milk prices in the value chain, using the example of two East African countries, Ethiopia and Uganda. We develop a conceptual framework and then validate the model using unique primary price data collected at several levels in the dairy value chains in both countries. We find that prices are overall significantly lower in Uganda than Ethiopia, reflecting their respective net exporting and importing status. Moreover, despite shorter value chains, we find much more significant effects of distances from the capital (the major end destination) on milk prices in Ethiopia than in Uganda. This is likely linked to the widespread presence of milk chilling centers in Uganda. While iNon-PRIFPRI5; CRP2; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies;DSGD; DGO; PIMCGIAR Research Programs on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM

Dietary inadequacy in Tanzania is linked to the rising cost of nutritious foods and consumption of food-away-from-home

This study contributes to the growing literature on dietary quality and accessibility in the Global South. We analyze the nutrition implications of changing dietary patterns between 2008 and 2019 in one of Africa's largest and fastest growing economies, Tanzania, and compare patterns at national and sub-national scales. We find that: (1) Rising incomes have not been associated with marked increases in the diversity of food consumed at home; (2) Consumption of food away from home has increased dramatically; (3) Most food consumed in Tanzanian homes is purchased instead of self-produced; (4) There have not been clear improvements in the adequacy of micronutrient consumption obtained from food eaten at home; (5) The most affordable sources of key micronutrients, including nutrient dense foods such as dried fish, have become more expensive. Our findings indicate that in Tanzania the amount and diversity of nutritious foods eaten at home have not improved with rising incomes, but consumption of energy-dense processed foods eaten away from home has increased rapidly, likely reflecting differences in convenience and relative prices. To improve Tanzanian diets in coming years, coordinated nutrition-sensitive policy actions will be required on both the supply- and demand-sides.PRIFPRI3; ISI; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; CRP3.7Development Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation StrategiesCGIAR Research Program on Livestoc

Trade, value chain technology and prices: Evidence from dairy in East Africa

Differences in world market participation and access to value chain technologies have resulted in uneven experiences across countries. In this paper, we explore their impact on prices in the value chain, using the example of Ethiopia and Uganda. We develop a conceptual framework, then validate the model using primary price data collected at several levels in the dairy value chains in both countries. We find that prices are lower in Uganda than Ethiopia, reflecting their respective net trade status. Moreover, despite shorter value chains, we find much more significant effects of distances from the capital on milk prices in Ethiopia than in Uganda. This is linked to the presence of milk chilling centers in Uganda. While such technology is important for milk quality, we find here that they also have the added benefit to reduce the impact of farmer's remoteness on prices and allow for more geographically extended value chains.PRIFPRI3; CRP2; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; ESSP; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesDSGD; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM