Efectos de los incendios forestales sobre las propiedades del suelo en un pinar de repoblación (pinus pinaster), en Arenas de San Pedro

Se han estudiado dieciocho perfiles de suelos, en un pinar de repoblación de Pinus pinaster, en Arenas de San Pedro (Avila), desarrollados a partir del mismo material original (esquistos y cuarcitas). Trece de ellos sufrieron los efectos de un incendio forestal de superficie, que tuvo una duración de diez horas, realizando la toma de muestras a los diez meses del impacto, período durante el cual no hubo lluvias torrenciales. La evaluación del impacto sobre las propiedades físicas, químicas y mineralógicas, conduce a los siguientes resultados: oscurecimiento en superficie; destrucción de la estructura en los perfiles más afectados: no se observa modificación en la textura; aumento del pH, fundamentalmente en superficie, por el aporte de bases; incremento del carbono por combustión incompleta de la vegetación; aumento de la capacidad total de cambio en .

Efectos de los incendios forestales sobre las propiedades del suelo en un pinar de repoblación (pinus pinaster), en Arenas de San Pedro

Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Edafología, leída el 12-07-1993Se han estudiado dieciocho perfiles de suelos, en un pinar de repoblación de Pinus pinaster, en Arenas de San Pedro (Avila), desarrollados a partir del mismo material original (esquistos y cuarcitas). Trece de ellos sufrieron los efectos de un incendio forestal de superficie, que tuvo una duración de diez horas, realizando la toma de muestras a los diez meses del impacto, período durante el cual no hubo lluvias torrenciales. La evaluación del impacto sobre las propiedades físicas, químicas y mineralógicas, conduce a los siguientes resultados: oscurecimiento en superficie; destrucción de la estructura en los perfiles más afectados: no se observa modificación en la textura; aumento del pH, fundamentalmente en superficie, por el aporte de bases; incremento del carbono por combustión incompleta de la vegetación; aumento de la capacidad total de cambio en ..Depto. de Química en Ciencias FarmacéuticasFac. de FarmaciaTRUEpu

Study of alcohol consumption among students in Madrid and design of a health program

The aim is to know the prevalence and the rates of teenager’s alcohol consumption nowadays. We studied the alcohol consumption of 100 students male and female of Madrid Community. We performed a pilot descriptive study, using two surveys, one of them the Questionnaire AUDIT and the other one is a questionnaire designed by the Ministry of Health and Social Politics. There were the answered of 95% of the students. As results we found that the male students of 3rd and 4th years of Secundary Obligatory Education were the groups of teenagers who consume most alcohol. They medium age to started drinking was 13 years old. We also found out that 51 % of the students have consumed alcohol at least once in his life and the number of glasses that they drunk during different days of the week were 1-4 glasses. The percentage of teenagers, who consume on weekdays (15 %), is minor of whom they do it during the weekend (48 %). We can conclude that the teenagers began to drinks alcohol earlier than before and also they consumed frequently during the week. That’s why we have elaborated a health program. This program consists to work during three journeys with teenagers in order to inform them that the alcohol is a hard drug that can seriously injure their health

Influence of eating habits and alcohol consumption on the academic performance among a university population in the community of Madrid: A pilot study.

Objective To evaluate the association between dietary habits and alcohol consumption on academic performance among university students. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting University located in Madrid, Spain. Participants 56 university students of nursing (45 women and 11 men). The study complies with the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the University Ethics Committee (36/2018). Main outcome measure Dietary intake and habits assessed with validated survey, alcohol consumption and academic performance. Analysis Chi-square test, Student's t-test, ANOVA analysis, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Shapiro-Wilk test. Results The average daily energy intake of the students was 1918 ± 725 kcal and, on average, alcohol accounted for 6%. The increased energy contribution from alcohol was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI). Moreover, an inverse association was also found in alcohol intake according to Body Mass Index (BMI) (p < 0.02). Students with failing grades (53.6%) reported a higher daily alcohol intake than those who passed (42.2 %) (32 g/day versus 24 g/day) (p = 0.043). Conclusions Alcohol consumption is related to both poor academic performance as well as diminished quality of life. Thus, it is of vital importance to undertake awareness campaigns at various levels to dissuade alcohol consumption especially at early ages.post-print440 K

Physical and Psychological Effects Related to Food Habits and Lifestyle Changes Derived from COVID-19 Home Confinement in the Spanish Population.

As a consequence of COVID-19, millions of households have suffered mobility restrictions and changes in their lifestyle over several months. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 home confinement on the food habits, lifestyle and emotional balance of the Spanish population. This cross-sectional study used data collected via an anonymous online questionnaire during the month before lockdown finished in Spain, with a total of 675 participants. 38.8% of the respondents experienced weight gain while 31.1% lost weight during confinement. The increase in body weight was positively correlated with age (Rs = 0.14, p < 0.05) and BMI (Rs = 0.20, p < 0.05). We also identified that 39.7% reported poorer quality sleep, positively correlated with BMI (Rs = −0.18, p < 0.05) and with age (Rs = −0.21, p < 0.05). 44.7% of the participants had not performed physical exercise during confinement with differences by sex (p < 0.05), by age (p < 0.05), by BMI (p < 0.05) and by sleep quality (p < 0.05). According to an emotional-eater questionnaire, 21.8% and 11% were classified as an emotional eater or a very emotional eater, respectively. We emphasize the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle, as the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing.post-print633 K

Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Alcohol Consumption and Emotional Eating in Spanish University Students.

Introduction: The university period may increase the risk of different unhealthy habits, such as low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, high alcohol consumption and eating in response to specific emotions. The aim of this study was to detect early-risk alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence (ADS), the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and emotional eating in university students of the Madrid community. (2) Methods: For each individual, anthropometric parameters, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C), the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) were assessed. (3) Results: A total of 584 university students aged 20.5 (sex ratio = 0.39) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. In total, 63.6% of students showed low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with no differences by sex (64.3% female versus 61.5% male, p = 0.19). According to the AUDIT questionnaire, 26.2% of participants were categorized as high-risk drinkers and 7.7% as ADS. About 38.6% of the students were categorized as eating very emotionally or eating emotionally, and 37.2% were categorized as low emotional eaters. A weak positive correlation was observed between the EEQ and BMI in female students (rho= 0.15, p = 0.03). (4) Conclusions: University students in our sample showed a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, an important high-risk alcohol consumption and low emotional eating.post-print325 K

Are Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Emotional Eating, Alcohol Intake, and Anxiety Related in University Students in Spain?.

Research has suggested that university students are at risk from certain unhealthy habits, such as poor diet or alcohol abuse. At the same time, anxiety levels appear to be higher among university students, which may lead to high levels of emotional eating. The aim of this study was to analyze the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD), emotional eating, alcohol intake, and anxiety among Spanish university students, and the interrelationship of these variables. A total of 252 university students filled out the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) questionnaire for Mediterranean diet adherence, an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Emotional Eater Questionnaire. We analyzed descriptive data, a t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for differences, a Pearson correlation, and multiple regression tests. Results showed low levels of AMD among university students (15.5%) and considerable levels of emotional eating (29%) and anxiety (23.6%). However, levels of alcohol dependence were low (2.4%). State-anxiety was a predictor of the emotional eater score and its subscales, and sex also was predictive of subscale guilt and the total score. However, AMD was predicted only by trait-anxiety. These models accounted for between 1.9% and 19%. The results suggest the need for the implementation of educational programs to promote healthy habits among university students at risk.post-print555 K

The endemic halophyte Sarcocornia carinata Fuente, Rufo & Sánchez-Mata (Chenopodiaceae) in relation to environmental variables: elemental composition and biominerals.

Aims We propose a thorough study of the succulent halophyte Sarcocornia carinata endemic to the saline lagoons of the center of the Iberian Peninsula. We describe its elemental composition and possible seasonal variation in relation to edaphic and climatic variables, identify biominerals and analyze the distribution of salt ions and biominerals in tissue. Methods Plants and edaphic samples were collected in the four seasons of 1 year. Soils were analyzed for their pH, EC, color, and bioavailable concentration of Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl−, SO42−. Soils and plants were analyzed for their total elemental and mineralogical composition. The distribution of elements and minerals in tissues was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Results Despite the variations observed in the edaphic and climatic variables, the variables studied in the plants varied slightly throughout the year. In the plants, Mg was the element that reflected climatic changes the most, while the K and Ca concentrations did not vary. Salty precipitates and crystallizations were distributed mainly in the epidermis, water storage parenchyma, cortex, and vascular vessels. Several crystals observed were compatible with halite, gypsum, glushinskite and weddellite. Conclusions The study corroborates that inland S. carinata behaves in the same way as other littoral succulent euhalophytes and reinforces the hypothesis that the concentration of elements and quantitative abundance pattern depend largely on the main adaptation mechanisms of halophytes.pre-print374 K

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) in Spanish Colleges.

Emotional eating (EE) patterns have been shown to play a relevant role in the development of overweight problems. However, there is a gap in research aimed at validating questionnaires to assess EE in specific populations. The aim of the study was to analyze factor structure and psychometric properties of Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) in Spanish universities. EEQ, state-anxiety subscale of STAI and a questionnaire about health habits were filled out by 295 students. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) by using Unweight Least Squares (ULS) method was carried out. To determine factor numbers we used eigenvalues, parallel analysis, and goodness of fit statistics. Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman correlations were used to analyze reliability, convergent, and concurrent validity. The parallel analysis and goodness of fit statistics showed that unifactorial structure of seven items was the most appropriate what accounted for 57% of the variance. Internal consistency was good ( = 0.753), as well as convergent validity (r = 0.317; p < 0.001). Concurrent validity was significant for three of the five criteria (r = �����0.224; p < 0.001 and r = �����0.259; p < 0.001). The results suggest some di erences in the structure of the psychometric assessment of EE in sub-clinical population in comparison with previous studies carried on with an overweight population, what could be relevant to obesity prevention.post-print366 K

High rates of protein intake are associated with an accelerated rate of decline of residual kidney function in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

[Abstract] Background Preservation of residual kidney function (RKF) is a relevant objective in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The influence of dietary protein intake (PI) on this variable has not been adequately investigated. Methods Following an observational design, we studied 336 patients incident on PD, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. The main study variable was the mean PI [normalized rate of protein nitrogen appearance (nPNA)] during the first 4 months on PD. The main outcome variables were the absolute rate of decline of RKF and the proportion of patients presenting a >50% decay of their RKF during the first year of follow-up. We applied univariate and multivariate strategies of analysis, taking into consideration the main control variables bearing a correlation with nPNA and/or RKF. Results Mean nPNA (first 4 months) was 1.23 ± 0.33 g/kg/day, while the overall rate of decline of RKF was −0.13 ± 0.29 mL/min/month; 69 patients (25.1%) had lost >50% of their initial RKF by the end of the first year. Univariate analysis disclosed consistent associations between the main study variable on one hand and baseline RKF (r = 0.32, P 50% of the baseline RKF during the first year of treatment (odds ratio 1.15 per 0.10 g/kg/day, 95% CI 1.04–1.27, P = 0.006). Conclusion Higher rates of PI during the first months of therapy are associated with a faster decline of RKF among patients incident on PD. Our results underline the convenience of keeping an adequate balance between sufficient protein ingestion, to prevent malnutrition and wasting, and sensible restriction in stable, adequately nourished individuals with rates of intake in the higher range or above-recommended allowances