ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH THALASSEMIA BETA

Background : Beta Thalassemia is a genetic disorder inherited by autosomal recessive and has spread throughout the world, including Indonesia. Beta thalassemia requires lifelong transfusions, which can cause an accumulation of iron in the skin, liver, and kidneys, resulting in a decrease in vitamin D synthesis.Purpose : This study aims to analyze the levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in beta thalassemia.Method : This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from April to July 2021. The population of this study was patients diagnosed with beta thalassemia and non-thalassemia (controls) who met inclusion criteria. This study compared vitamin D levels in beta thalassemia and non-thalassemia patients.Results : This study involved 60 children aged 6 months to 18 years, who were divided into 2 groups: 30 children in the beta thalassemia group and 30 in the non-thalassemia group. In this study, the levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D were lower in beta thalassemia children compared to non-thalassemic children, with a p value =0.012. Children with beta-thalassemia have a 4.33 times higher risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to non-thalassemic children. With a p value =0.023, 25-OH-Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in beta HbE thalassemia children compared to beta thalassemia major children.Conclusion :Levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in beta thalassemia children were lower than in non-thalassemic children. Levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in children with beta HbE thalassemia are lower than in children with beta thalassemia major

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE DURATION OF ANTI-EPILEPTIC DRUGS THERAPY AND VITAMIN D LEVEL IN EPILEPTIC CHILDREN

Long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for epilepsy causes a decrease in vitamin D levels due to the activation of liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. The novelty of this study is due to researching about correlation between the duration of anti-epileptic drugs therapy and vitamin d level in epileptic children This cross-sectional study was conducted from October - December 2021in children with epilepsy aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to pediatric neurology polyclinic of DR Wahidin Sudirohusodo. They were divided into two groups: epileptic children receiving AEDs treatment ≤ 1 year and epileptic children receiving AEDs treatment 1 year. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between the duration of AEDs use and the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in children with epilepsy.Keywords: Vitamin D Deficiency; Antiepileptic Drugs; Epileps

PERBANDINGAN PEMBERIAN IBUPROFEN DENGAN IBUPROFEN DAN METOKLOPRAMID TERHADAP NILAI VISUAL ANALOG SCALE (VAS) PENDERITA MIGREN TANPA AURA

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pemberian ibuprofen dengan ibuprofen dan\ud metoklopramid dengan menggunakan pengukuran nyeri berdasarkan skor VAS pada penderita migren tanpa aura.Desain penelitian menggunakan metode uji klinis dengan randomized pre-post test comparative group design, dilaksanakan di Poliklinik saraf beberapa RS Pendidikan Makassar pada bulan Nopember 2011-Januari 2012. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 32 orang, dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu 16 sampel mendapat terapi ibuprofen dan 16 sampel mendapat terapi ibuprofen dan metoklopramid.Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan daftar isian. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan multivariat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkanpenurunan bermakna mean (rata-rata) penurunan skor VAS terjadi pada kedua kelompok terapi, tetapi penurunan rerata kelompok terapi ibuprofen dan metoklopramid lebih besar dan setelah dianalisis secara statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terapi ibuprofen dan metoklopramid lebih efektif menurunkan skor VAS (menurunkan derajat nyeri) penderita migren tanpa aura

HUBUNGAN FIBRILASI ATRIUM DENGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF

Fibrilasi atrium dan gangguan kognitif merupakan masalah kesehatan utama, patomekanisme secara pasti belum jelas dan penelitian sebelumnya menemukan hubungan yang bermakna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan fibrilasi atrium dengan gangguan kognitif dengan menggunakan tes Montreal Cognitive Assessment versi Indonesia ( MoCA-Ina). Desain penelitian adalah Cross Sectional Study, pada 60 subjek penderita dengan masing-masing 30 subjek dengan fibrilasi atrium dan 30 subjek tanpa fibrilasi atrium di Poli Kardiologi dan Poli Saraf Rumah Sakit Wahidin Sudirohusodo di Makassar, dari bulan Maret hingga Mei 2013. Pada kelompok penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif menggunakan instrument tes MoCA-Ina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata usia penderita dengan fibrilasi atrium dan tanpa fibrilasi atrium (55.00 SB 7.17 vs 52.03 SB 5.73 tahun) dan jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih banyak dibanding perempuan pada penderita fibrilasi atrium (56.7% vs 43.3%). Gangguan kognitif dijumpai 86,7% pada subjek penderita dengan fibrilasi atrium dan 6,7% pada penderita tanpa fibrilasi atrium, dengan nilai p 0.000 dengan OR 91,00% dan IK 95%. Unsur kognitif yang paling banyak terganggu adalah memori tertunda dan atensi. Penelitian ini menerangkan terdapat hubungan fibrilasi atrium dengan gangguan kognitif

Korelasi antara Derajat Dehidrasi Menurut WHO dengan Rasio Vena Cava Inferior/Aorta Abdominal Menggunakan Ultrasonografi pada Anak Penderita Diare

Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai hubungan antara derajat dehidrasi menurut WHO dengan rasio vena cava inferior / aorta abdominal berdasarkan ultrasonografi pada anak penderita diare. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional terhadap 46 anak penderita diare yang masuk ke IGD pediatrik RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dari bulan Oktober 2018 sampai Desember 2018. Penilaian derajat dehidrasi menurut WHO dilakukan oleh dokter anak sesaat setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi untuk mengukur rasio vena cava inferior/aorta abdominal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat korelasi kuat antara derajat dehidrasi menurut WHO dengan rasio IVC/aorta abdominal (p0,001, r=-0,637). Semakin berat derajat dehidrasi menurut WHO, semakin rendah rasio IVC/aorta abdominal

THE IMPACT OF THE FREQUENCY OF 7,12- DIMETHYLBENZ [Á] ANTHRACENE (DMBA) ADMINISTRATION ON THE FORMATION OF DYSPLASIA AND SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA ON THE SKIN OF ALBINO MICE

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dosage and frequency of 7,12-dimethylbenz[á] anthracene (DMBA)  com- pound exposure suspected to affect the rapid growth of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in albino mice. Objective: find out the impact of DMBA exposure to dysplasia and SCC formation on albino mice. Methods: Twenty-five albino mice were divided into five groups, namely: Group 1 is the control (acetone), group 2 is 5 albino mice given four times DMBA100 µg exposure for eight weeks, group 3 is 5 albino mice were given eight times DMBA100 µg exposure for eight weeks, group 4 is 5 albino mice were given twelve times DMBA100 µg exposure for eight weeks, and group 5 is 5 albino mice were given sixteen times DMBA 100 µg exposure for eight weeks. Histopathological examination were conducted to assess histopathological feature including inflammation, dysplasia, and SCC. Results: There is a significant effect of the frequency of DMBA exposure to the clinical figure and against histopathological feature of the skin albino mice.Conclusions:  Dosage and fre- quency of DMBA exposure affect the occurence of dysplasia and SCC, which are in- creasingly being DMBA exposure will accelerate the growth of SCC. The frequency of the most widely pose a SCC in DMBA 100 µg sixteen times exposure group, twice a week for eight weeks. Keywords: DMBA, dysplasia, squamous cell carcinom

Kidney injury molecule type-1, interleukin-18, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 levels in urine to predict acute kidney injury in pediatric sepsis

BackgroundThis study aimed to observe the role of urinary kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), interleukin (IL-18), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) levels in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with sepsis.Material and MethodsThis prospective cohort observational study was conducted at Dr. RSUP. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar, South Sulawesi, from January to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were septic patients treated in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) aged 1 month to 18 years with normal serum creatinine or normal urine output (&gt;5 ml/kg/body weight (BW)/h in 6–12 h). Patients with a history of kidney disease, prior urinary tract infection, or history of using nephrotoxic drugs were excluded.ResultsThere was a significant difference in urinary KIM-1, IL-18, and IGFBP-7 levels between septic patients with and without AKI. The cut-off point for urinary KIM-1 level in sepsis with and without AKI was 1.666 ng/ml, with sensitivity of 82.5%, specificity of 82.2%, and a relative risk (RR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 6.866 (95% CI, 3.329–14.165). The cut-off point for urinary IL-18 levels was 3.868 ng/ml, with sensitivity of 92.50%, specificity of 91.78%, and RR of 20.078 (95%CI, 6.593–61.142). The cut-off point for urinary IGFBP-7 levels was ≥0.906 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 75.00%, specificity of 75.34%, and RR of 4.063 (95% CI, 2.206–7.483).ConclusionUrinary KIM-1, IL-8, and IGFBP-7 levels could be used to predict AKI in septic patients. Urinary IL-8 has a higher sensitivity and specificity as a predictor of AKI in patients with sepsis

Nilai Prognostik Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Anak

Latar belakang. Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue. Patogenesisnya sampai saat ini belum jelas. Sitokin diduga berperan dalam patogenesis DBD. Prognosis sulit diramalkan. Tujuan. Menganalisis nilai prognostik sitokin proinflamasi yaitu TNF- pada pasien DBD pada anak. Metode. Penelitian menggunakan metode kohort prospektif. Sampel darah dikumpulkan dari 160 pasien DBD yang dirawat di Bagian Anak Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin/Rumah sakit Wahidin Sudirohusodo mulai Januari 2008 sampai dengan Februari 2010. Subyek diikuti sampai terjadi outcome syok atau tidak sehingga diperoleh 37 pasien DBD syok dan 123 pasien DBD yang tidak mengalami syok. Diagnosis DBD menggunakan kriteria WHO 1975. Semua pasien sebelumnya dikonfirmasi dengan pemeriksaan (IgM dan IgG anti Dengue) dengan metode pemeriksaan cepat. Kadar TNF- serum awal diukur menggunakan teknik kuantitatif Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay. Hasil. Kadar TNF- serum awal meningkat secara bermakna pada kedua kelompok tetapi lebih tinggi pada kelompok DBD yang mengalami syok. Titik potong 24 pg/ml yang diperoleh melalui ROC berdasarkan analisis mempunyai nilai prognostik yang terbaik dengan sensitivitas 94,59%, spesifisitas 87,80%, nilai prediksi positif 70%, nilai prediksi negatif 98,18 %, odds ratio 126 (IK 95% 27,452; 578,339). Kesimpulan. TNF-serum awal 24 pg/ml adalah nilai optimal untuk menentukan terjadinya syok atau tidak pasien DBD pada anak

Expanded Dengue Syndrome with Status Epilepticus in a nine months old boy: A Case Report

Dengue fever is a major global public health challenge in tropical and subtropical countries. The clinical spectrum of dengue infection ranges from mild illness to the life-threatening severe forms of the disease with plasma leakage, severe bleeding, or multi-organ failure, which may be fatal. The term expanded dengue syndrome is used for atypical manifestations of dengue fever. This study presented a case of expanded dengue syndrome with status epilepticus in a 9-month-old boy hospitalized with the chief complaint decreased of consciousness with fever and seizures. From the physical examination, there was a decrease in consciousness with GCS 9 accompanied by fever, ascites, and gastrointestinal bleeding. On laboratory examination, hyponatremia, increased transaminase enzymes, and hypoalbuminemia with positive dengue IgM were found. The patient had specific clinical features of expanded dengue syndrome with status epilepticus the appropriate anti-convulsion, vasopressor, and fluid management was given to the patient. In cases of dengue virus infection, it is important to prevent other potential complications such as expanded dengue syndrome with status epilepticus.&nbsp; Early diagnosis of expanded dengue syndrome simultaneously with adequate treatment will prevent the complications of the disease