Bone regeneration in surgically created defects filled with autogenous bone: an epifluorescence microscopy analysis in rats

Although the search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies, autogenous bone is still the gold standard for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas, and mainly, for alveolar ridge reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of autogenous bone graft incorporation process to surgically created defects in rat calvaria, using epifluorescence microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five adult male rats weighing 200-300 g were used. The animals received two 5-mm-diameter bone defects bilaterally in each parietal bone with a trephine bur under general anesthesia. Two groups of defects were formed: a control group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with blood clot, and a graft group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with autogenous bone block, removed from the contralateral defect. The fluorochromes calcein and alizarin were applied at the 7th and 30th postoperative days, respectively. The animals were killed at 35 days. RESULTS: The mineralization process was more intense in the graft group (32.09%) and occurred mainly between 7 and 30 days, the period labeled by calcein (24.66%). CONCLUSIONS: The fluorochromes showed to be appropriate to label mineralization areas. The interfacial areas between fluorochrome labels are important sources of information about the bone regeneration dynamics

RANCANG BANGUN ANEMOMETER BERBASIS AKUISISI DATA

Data acquisition system is aimed to display value and graphic in real-time. It is designed on Anemometer to present value or graphic of wind speed on Personal Computer (PC) that furthermore, data is analyzed and stored automatically in Microsoft Excel. Equipment used is Wind Speed Air Velocity Anemometer in the form of fan to measure wind speed. It is designed by using Optocoupler as transducer connected to Arduino Uno ATmega328. This Optocoupler has integrated phototransistor and LED (Light Emitting Diode) components. Both components functioned as receiver and data transfer of wind speed from fan by 0 and 1 logic value. Obtained data by PC will be shown on table and graphic including complete time. The result of test shows accuracy specification of Anemometer in 96,149 % and 1,619 % precision with average deviation standard of 0,0475

Transformação Cística como Consequência de Terceiro Molar Inferior Incluso

ResumoA permanência de terceiros molares inclusos na arcada pode causar diversas alterações patológicas, dentre elas o aparecimento de cistos odontogénicos. O aparecimento de um cisto paradentário associado a um terceiro molar inferior incluso foi diagnosticado 6 anos após a realização de um exame radiográfico de rotina onde o dente se encontrava incluso sem sinais de quaisquer patologia associada. A evolução e tratamento cirúrgico de enucleação deste cisto estão descritos e discutidos os aspectos relacionados à remoção preventiva de terceiros molares inclusos. A instituição de um plano de tratamento baseados na história clínica e exame radiográfico são necessários, a fim de estabelecer um protocolo preventivo das alterações causadas por essas retenções dentárias. A indicação de extracção de terceiros molares inclusos pode ser uma forma de se evitar o aparecimento destas e outras patologias associadas a essas retenções.AbstractThe permanence of impacted third molar in the jaws can cause many pathological alterations, amongst them the appearance of odontogenic cysts. The paradental cyst appearance and evolution next to a mandibular included third molar was diagnosised in radiograph routine follow-up, and its evolution and treatment are described. Are discussed the aspects related with the preventive removal to the impacted third molars and the necessity to institution a plan of treatment based in clinical history and radiograph in order to establish a preventive protocol the alterations caused by these impactions. The indication of extraction of impacted third enclosed can be a way to preventing the appearance of these and others pathologies associates to these lesions

Daily melatonin administration improves osseointegration in pinealectomized rats

The hypothesis of this study was that the peri-implant bone healing of the group of pinealectomized rats would differ from the control group. The samples were subjected to immunohistochemical, microtomographic (total porosity and connectivity density), and fluorochrome (mineralized surface) analyses. Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate the cellular changes and bone remodeling dynamics along the bone/implant interface in pinealectomized rats. Material and Methods: The total of 18 adult male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) was divided into three groups (n=6): control (CO), pinealectomized without melatonin (PNX) and pinealectomized with melatonin (PNXm). All animals were submitted to the first surgery (pinealectomy), except the CO group. Thirty days after the pinealectomy without melatonin, the second surgery was conducted, in which all animals received an implant in each tibia (36 titanium implants with surface treatment were installed – Implalife® São Paulo, SP, Brazil). By gavage, the rats of the PNX group received the vehicle solution, and the procedure. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OP) and osteocalcin (OC) showed that the bone repair process in the PNXm group was similar to that of the CO group, whereas the PNX group showed a delay. The microtomographic parameters of total porosity [Po(tot)] and bone surface (BS) showed no statistically significant differences, whereas for the connective density (Conn.Dn) a statistical difference was found between the CO and PNXm groups. Fluorochrome analysis of the active mineralized surface showed statistically significant difference between the CO and PNX and between the CO and PNXm groups. Conclusion: The absence of the pineal gland impaired the bone repair process during osseointegration, however the daily melatonin replacement was able to restore this response

Immediate or early functional loading on dental osseointegratable implants: a restrospective clinical study with 5-year follow-up

Objective: After a period of five years, evaluate the use of early load in 24 patients at a private clinic. Methods: One hundred and three fixations and prosthetic rehabilitations were performed in 24 patients, with a mean age of 38 years (minimum of 23 and maximum of 72 years), eleven being women and 13 men, in whom 50 and 53 fixations respectively, were performed. Results: The success obtained among single dentures and splinted implant supported dentures was similar, around 92%. Conclusion: The predictability between the protocol of two separate stages and the protocol of immediate or early functional load is similar; the initial stability of the implant plays a fundamental role in the immediate or early functional load protocol

Misdiagnosis of Extensive Maxillofacial Infection and Its Relationship with Periodontal Problems and Hyperglycemia

Background. Complex dental infections can reach distant areas of the alveolar process, invading the secondary fascial spaces. Objectives. This case report aims to show a misdiagnosis of odontogenic infection and a great need for dentist in the hospital environment. Case Report. A male patient presented facial asymmetry and trismus, while the facial CT examination showed a hyperdense mass involving the left masseteric, pterygomandibular, and superficial temporal regions. The patient was then referred to oral oncology center by emergency physician with cancer suspicion. After 15 days, the patient returned to the same emergency room and was attended by the surgical and maxillofacial trauma team, presenting tachycardia, tachypnea, dysphagia, and trismus. During anamnesis, the patient reported being an uncontrolled diabetic. In intraoral exam, a poor oral condition and generalized periodontitis were observed. Results. Correct diagnosis of odontogenic infection was established and adequately treated. Conclusions. Symptomatology bland may mask the severity of an infection; every increase in volume associated with trismus, poor oral hygiene with or without hyperglycemia should be heavily investigated for the presence of an infectious process. It emphasizes the importance of a dentist working with the physician in emergency room

Sinus mucosa elevation using Bio-Oss(®) or Gingistat(®) collagen sponge: an experimental study in rabbits

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sequential healing in augmented sinus cavities with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) granules or collagen sponges. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty albino New Zealand rabbits were included in the study. An incision was performed along the midline of the nasal dorsum, and the nasal bone was exposed. Circular bony windows with a diameter of 5 mm were prepared bilaterally. After elevation of the mucosa, the two sites were randomly filled with either DBBM or a collagen sponge. Five animals each were randomly sacrificed after 7, 14, 21 and 40 days, respectively. RESULTS: At both sides, new bone was found forming from the resident pristine bone. During the first stage of healing, DBBM granules were surrounded by a denser connective tissue that was attached to the biomaterial surface and that was progressively mineralized. At the collagen sponge side, the biomaterial was almost completely resorbed and the space was reduced by to two-thirds already after 21 days. At both sides, after 40 days, mineralized bone and marrow spaces were occupying large areas of the elevated space. CONCLUSIONS: New bone was found forming from the pristine bony walls of the sinus and extending toward the most peripheral regions in both sites. While DBBM particles yielded osteoconductivity and were able to preserve over time the space within the elevated mucosa, the collagen sponge failed the goal of maintaining the space

Implant-retained thumb prosthesis with anti-rotational attachment for a geriatric patient

This report presents the use of a dental implant with an anti-rotational attachment for the retention of a thumb prosthesis. A retention system was manufactured with an attachment (UCLA) screwed into the implant with a two-bar system that was cast in metallic silver palladium. A substructure made from heat-cured acrylic resin was joined to the retention system by clips to join the thumb to the finger (bar clip) in the cast with implant rejoinder. The silicone material, Silastic-MDX 44210, was used to achieve function and aesthetics. Following osseointegration, no skin problems were observed. Whilst the implant-retained digital prosthesis presented some motor limitations, it allowed the patient to return to entertainment and achieve social conviviality