Analysis Of Energy Usage In Pusat Persatuan Pelajar

Energy analysis is important in resolving energy consuming modality,due to observing how the energy utilized has shifted with time in the building and how the arrangement elements interrelate with each other.In this case study,a preliminary energy audit is done on the existing indoor parameters.The study was conducted at Pusat Persatuan Pelajar (PPP),Universiti Teknikal Malaysia (UTeM).The project is aimed at comparing the lighting index between PPP building and the current Malaysian standard (Malaysian Standard 1525:2014).This undertaking is also aimed at evaluating and analyzing energy used in the PPP building.To calculate the electricity consumption and lighting,physical indoor data was collected through a clamp meter and lux meter on three floors in the PPP building.The air-conditioning system in the selected rooms was left for one hour before starting the measurements.The lighting data was collected between 10 am to 12 pm and again 2 pm to 4 pm with a gap of 20 minutes for each reading.The results show indicated that the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system was 11157.76 kWh and cost-ing RM 4072.58 per month.From lighting system analysis, the energy consumption was 6600.16 kWh and costing RM 2409.05 per month.The project also studies the current lighting system and a proposed energy retrofit to save energy usage.After proposing ret-rofit plan,the energy consumption can be saved 18931 kWh per month and RM 1105.57 per month.The difference of power consumption for a month March in 2017 between the measurements and electricity bill analysis is about 5%.Since the difference is too small, therefore,it can be concluded that the obtained the Building Energy Index (BEI) value in the project is reliable.Most of the lighting levels in every audited zone exceed Malaysian Standard MS 1525:2014.In addition,the Building Energy Index (BEI) for all the building is 233.67kWh/m²/year and for each level is 77.89 kWh/m²/year.The best BEI exercise and recommended by Malaysian Standard is 135kWh/m²/year

Political power and rule in Kuwait

No abstract available

Exports and Economic Growth: The Arab Experience

This paper aims at analysing the relationship between exports and economic growth in the Arab countries using annual data for the period 1970-1999. Section two of this study presents a theoretical background of the relationship between exports and economic growth. Literature review is found in Section 3. In Section 4, the methodological issues of studying this relationship are discussed. Results of stationarity tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) as well as Bivariate Johansen-Juseluis tests for cointegration are presented in Section 5. Stationarity tests suggest that time series are non-stationary in their levels and seem to be stationary in their first differences. Testing for long-run cointegration relationship using Johansen-Juseluis approach, it is found that in general there is no cointegration relationship between exports and GDP. For this reason, we abandoned the error correction model and tested for causality using different versions of Granger’s causality test. We found mixed results about the causal relationship between exports and GDP in Arab countries

Effect of nitrogen and zinc plus copper on sugarcane (Saccharum spp) plant crop in Guneid and Assalaya Sugar Estates, in central Sudan

 أجريت التجارب الحالية في موسم 2005/06 في مزرعتي مصنعي سكر عسلاية والجنيد التابعتين لشركة السكر السودانية، في السهل الطيني الأوسط. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة بحث استجابة محصول قصب السكر(محصول غرس) لجرعات مختلفة من النيتروجين فى شكل سماد اليوريا مصحوبة بعنصري الزنك زائدا النحاس. كانت جرعات اليوريا 150 و200 و250 كجم للفدان. أضيفت هذه الجرعات بعد 45 إلى 60 يوما من الزراعة حسب ما هو متبع في الحقول التجارية لقصب السكر. و كانت الجرعة المستخدمة من الزنك والنحاس هي صفر و 500 جم لكل (خليط) في شكل ملح كبريتات وقسمت هذه الجرعة إلى نصفين: أضيف النصف الأول عندما كان عمر المحصول خمسة شهور, كما أضيف النصف الثاني عند عمر  سبعة شهور في شكل سماد ورقى. وضع هذا الترتيب العاملين في تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة. أوضحت النتائج عدم وجود فروقات معنوية في مكونات الإنتاجية والإنتاجية ومكونات جودة السكر وإنتاجية السكر لمحصول القصب الغرس بين جرعات النيتروجين المستخدمة، إلا أن جودة السكر قد انخفضت قليلا بزيادة جرعة النيتروجين انخفاضا غير معنوي. كما أبانت الدراسة أيضا عدم وجود فروقات معنوية في الإنتاجية ومكونات جودة السكر وإنتاجية السكر لمحصول القصب الغرس بين إضافة عنصري الزنك زائدا النحاس مقارنة مع عدم إضافتهما في كل من موقعي الدراسة. كما أوضحت الدراسة عدم وجود تفاعل بين النيتروجين والزنك زائدا النحاس. كان تركيز عناصر النيتروجين والزنك والنحاس في أوراق نبات قصب السكر في المدى من 1,9 إلى 2,5 %  و 40,37 إلى 49,16 و 16,58 إلى 22,42 مجم لكل كجم مادة جافة على التوالي لكل الوحدات التجريبية في التجربتين. وتعتبر هذه التركيزات في الحدود الكافية لنبات قصب السكر. أبانت الدراسة أن الجرعة 150 كجم يوريا للفدان(164 كجم نيتروجين للهكتار) هي الجرعة المناسبة لكل من إنتاجية القصب والسكر في محصول الغرس مقارنة بالجرعة العادية 200 كجم للفدان (219 كجم نيتروجين للهكتار) في حقول قصب السكر التجارية. كذلك إن إضافة عنصري الزنك والنحاس لمحصول الغرس لم تثبت أنها ذات فائدة لفلاحة قصب السكر في هذه المرحلة. &nbsp

Management of congenital esophageal stenosis associated with esophageal atresia and its impact on postoperative esophageal stricture

Aim The aim of this work was to study the incidence, management of congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) associated with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), and its impact on esophageal stricture (ES) after primary repair.Patients and methods From January 2006 to December 2014, 41 sequential cases of EA with distal TEF were retrospectively studied. Cases with significant ES after primary repair were included in the study. Associated CES was diagnosed in the neonatal period by taking histopathologic samples from the tips of the esophageal pouches, failure to pass a size-6 nasogastric tube distally during primary repair, and by initial esophagogram.Results Significant ES developed in 19 patients (46.3%); of them, six had CES (32%). Three patients had tracheobronchial remnants at the anastomotic site. Two of them had refractory strictures requiring resections and one had mainly major esophageal dysmotility. Patients 4 and 5 had CES distal to the anastomotic site on initial esophagogram. Patient 4 responded well to dilatations, whereas the other one had refractory stricture. Patient 6 had distal CES due to fibromuscular stenosis diagnosed by failure to pass a size-6 nasogastric tube distally. The patient responded well to dilatation, myectomy, and Thal’s fundoplication.Conclusion One-third of the patients with significant stricture had CES; half of them were refractory to dilatation. Failure to have histology specimens and a high index of suspicion will make the incidence of this association a rarity. Diagnosis and management of CES with EA/TEF in the neonatal period is possible. Esophageal dilatation is the initial management for all cases with a low threshold for gastric fundoplication and gastrostomy. Resection is reserved for refractory stenosis.Keywords: congenital esophageal stenosis, esophageal atresia, esophageal stricture, tracheoesophageal fistul

Relationship between social media usage and academic achievement among tertiary students in Malaysian public university

The increasing use of social media among tertiary students is one of the highly growing phenomena in the academia. Various studies show students’ high involvement in using social media network to interact with their peers, lecturers and discussing learningmaterials. Full understanding of the social media and how it is being utilized in education is needed, especially in knowing the relationship between social media used and academic achievement among tertiary students as we know the tertiary students are at large used this technologies. The aims of this study is to examine the relationship between social media used (online peer learning) and academic achievement among tertiary students in one of the Malaysian public university. The study was based on quantitative method with a correlational design using questionnaires that was modified from previous study and validated by a panel of experts. The sampling technique was stratified from 17 faculties and 328 respondents involved in this study. There are positivesignificant low correlation between the variables measured. The highest correlation is between collaboration and academic achievement followed by the correlation between performance expectancy and academic achievement, engagement and academic achievement,social influence and academic achievement, peer feedback and academic achievement, and lastly, self-efficacy and academic achievement. Practical implications and recommendations were given to enhance the engagement of students via online peer learning

Investigation of material removal rate and surface roughness during electrical discharge machining on Al (6061)-5%SiC-10%B4C hybrid composite

Electrode Discharge Mechanism (EDM) is a manufacturing process using controlled sparks that occur between an electrically conductive workpiece and an electrode in the presence of an insulating liquid. The EDM process is commonly used to manufacture metallic matrix compounds that have wide applications in the railway sectors and the aircraft industry. Aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) are one of the important kinds of metallic matrix compounds due to their advanced characteristics, such as lightweight and high strength. This lightweight material was developed and used in various manufacturing processes, like the automobile industry to reduce vehicle weight and thus reduce fuel consumption. This paper discussed the experiments of the EDM that were conducted to examine the effect of machining parameters, including peak current (10, 20, and 30 A), pulse on different times (50, 100, and 200 µsec), duty factors (4, 6, and 8) on the material removal rate, and surface roughness of the Al (6061)-5%SiC-10%B4C hybrid composite as workpiece using copper electrode tool by Box-Behnken design. The analysis data for the dependent and independent variables manifested that the influence of machine parameters whenever Ip and Pon increase, the MRR and Ra increase.