Oxidized (non)-regenerated cellulose affects fundamental cellular processes of wound healing.

In this study we investigated how hemostats such as oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC, TABOTAMP) and oxidized non-regenerated cellulose (ONRC, RESORBA CELL) influence local cellular behavior and contraction of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Human stromal fibroblasts were inoculated in vitro with ORC and ONRC. Cell proliferation was assayed over time, and migration was evaluated by Live Cell imaging microscopy. Fibroblasts grown in collagen-gels were treated with ORC or ONRC, and ECM contraction was measured utilizing a contraction assay. An absolute pH decline was observed with both ORC and ONRC after 1 hour. Mean daily cell proliferation, migration and matrix contraction were more strongly inhibited by ONRC when compared with ORC (p < 0.05). When control media was pH-lowered to match the lower pH values typically seen with ORC and ONRC, significant differences in cell proliferation and migration were still observed between ONRC and ORC (p < 0.05). However, in these pH conditions, inhibition of matrix contraction was only significant for ONRC (p < 0.05). We find that ORC and ONRC inhibit fibroblast proliferation, migration and matrix contraction, and stronger inhibition of these essential cellular processes of wound healing were observed for ONRC when compared with ORC. These results will require further validation in future in vivo experiments to clarify the clinical implications for hemostat use in post-surgical wound healing

Localized Latent Updates for Fine-Tuning Vision-Language Models

Although massive pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP show impressive generalization capabilities for many tasks, still it often remains necessary to fine-tune them for improved performance on specific datasets. When doing so, it is desirable that updating the model is fast and that the model does not lose its capabilities on data outside of the dataset, as is often the case with classical fine-tuning approaches. In this work we suggest a lightweight adapter, that only updates the models predictions close to seen datapoints. We demonstrate the effectiveness and speed of this relatively simple approach in the context of few-shot learning, where our results both on classes seen and unseen during training are comparable with or improve on the state of the art

Zur Gefrierresistenz litoraler Mollusken von der deutschen Nordseeküste

Bei marinen Mollusken, die in der Gezeitenregion der gemäßigten Breiten überwintern, nimmt die Gefrierresistenz in der Reihenfolge Littorina saxatilis, L. littorea, Mytilus edulis, Mya arenaria und Macoma baltica ab. Die Littorina-Arten ertragen noch mehrstündige Exposition bei -15°C zu einem hohen Prozentsatz. Primärschäden durch Gefrieren bei -10° und -15°C werden im Laufe längerer Hälterung nach der Kälteexposition verstärkt. Im Sommer ist die Gefrierresistenz stark verringert. Tiergröße sowie die Außenbedingungen am Fundort (Salzgehalt etc.) modifizieren die Überlebensfähigkeit bei Frosteinwirkung. Marine mollusks overwintering in the tidal zone of the temperate latitudes show decreasing freezing resistance in the following order: Littorina saxatilis, L. littorea, Mytilus edulis, Mya arenaria and Macoma baltica. The Littorina species even resist some hours exposure at -15 °C with a high degree of survival. Primary injuries caused by freezing at -10° and -15°C are enhanced during longer keeping subsequent to freezing exposure. From spring to autumn freezing resistance is strongly reduced. Size of the animals and environmental factors of the habitat (salinity etc.) modify survivability during exposure to frost

PENERAPAN PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL BERBASIS WHATSAPP DALAM BENTUK KUMPULAN KARYA SASTRA OLEH SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 5 MEDAN TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2022/2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perlunya  perpustakaan  berbasis WhatsApp yang berfungsi sebagai wadah apresiasi karya sastra berupa prosa dan puisi yang dihasilkan oleh siswa SMA Negeri 5 Medan secara umum dan secara khusus oleh siswa kelas X MIA 1 SMA Negeri 5 Medan pada tahun pembelajaran 2022/2023. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan ntuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan kendala apa saja yang dihadapi dalam mengimplementasikan perpustakaan berbasis WhatsApp dan untuk menjelaskan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap teks sastra berupa puisi dan prosa dengan adanya sistem perpustakaan digital ini. Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode penelitian deskriptif yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan atau menganalisis suatu hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem perpustakaan SMA Negeri 5 yang semula masih berupa konvensional setelah menjadi perpustakaan berbasis WhatsApp dalam bentuk kumpul karya siswa yang dilaksanakan di kelas X MIA 1 berjalan lebih efektif dan efisien. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada data kuantitatif berupa grafik jumlah karya sastra siswa yang didokumentasikan setiap minggu mengalami kenaikan. Dengan adanya perpustakaan berbasis WhatsApp dalam bentuk kumpulan karya sastra  diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa khususnya dalam  bidang sastra

Einsatz von Hefeextrakt in Bio-Lebensmitteln

Hefeextrakt wird als Zutat in ökologischen Lebensmitteln von Medien und Verbrauchern zunehmend kritisch betrachtet, da er - so wird vermutet - ähnliche Wirkungen, wie sie für synthetische Geschmacksverstärker diskutiert werden, habe. Auch Vertreter der ökologischen Lebensmittelwirtschaft sehen in Hefeextrakt eine Zutat, die mit dem Anspruch an Naturbelassenheit von Bio-Lebensmitteln nicht vereinbar ist. In diesem Forschungsprojekt sollten wissenschaftlich begründete Aussagen für oder gegen den Einsatz von Hefeextrakt in Bio-Lebensmitteln gefunden und sinnvolle Alternativen zu Hefeextrakt ermittelt werden. Es zeigte sich, dass es kaum wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu den Inhaltsstoffen und den ernährungsphysiologischen Wirkungen von Hefeextrakt gibt: Beispielsweise gibt es durch die große Anzahl unterschiedlicher Geschmacksrichtungen von Hefeextrakt entsprechend viele unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen. Aufgrund dieses Datenmangels ließen sich keine Schlussfolgerungen für oder gegen den Einsatz von Hefeextrakt in Bio-Lebensmitteln ziehen. Auch eine Expertenbefragung ergab keine weiteren Hinweise, da für eine wissenschaftliche Bewertung umfangreiche chemische und biochemische Untersuchungen notwendig sind. Um dem Anspruch an Naturbelassenheit von Bio-Lebensmitteln und damit auch den Verbrauchererwartungen Rechnung zu tragen, sollte prinzipiell kein Hefeextrakt in Öko-Lebensmitteln verwendet werden. Aus Herstellersicht ist dies aber nicht für alle Produkte möglich. In diesen Produkten könnte alternativ ökologischer Hefeextrakt eingesetzt werden. Aber auch der Einsatz von ökologischem Hefeextrakt ist nicht ohne eine Rezepturumstellung möglich. Anhand der bisherigen Erkenntnisse sollte somit jedes Unternehmen für seine Produkte eine Einzelfallentscheidung treffen. Dieses Projekt zeigt, wie hoch der Forschungsbedarf ist, um die Eigenschaften und Wirkungen von Hefeextrakten beurteilen zu können sowie für Unternehmen sinnvolle und durchführbare Alternativen zu entwickeln

EXPORTAÇÃO DE CARNE BOVINA IN NATURA PARA OS ESTADOS UNIDOS: A PERSPECTIVA DAS EXPORTADORAS BRASILEIRAS

As relações comerciais entre os países por meio dos acordos comerciais são estratégias fundamentais para fomentar os resultados oriundos do comércio exterior. Sendo assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar a perspectiva das exportadoras Brasileiras de carne bovina in natura referente aos acordos comerciais de exportação para os Estados Unidos. Portanto, caracteriza-se como pesquisa quantitativa, do tipo descritiva e survey, tendo como método de coleta de dados o questionário, sendo analisado por meio de quadros sintéticos, gráficos e seguido da análise descritiva dos dados encontrados.

EXPORTAÇÃO DE CARNE BOVINA IN NATURA PARA OS ESTADOS UNIDOS: A PERSPECTIVA DAS EXPORTADORAS DO SUL DO BRASIL

As relações comerciais entre os países por meio dos acordos comerciais são estratégias fundamentais para fomentar o comércio exterior. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar a percepção das exportadoras do Sul do Brasil de carne bovina in natura referente aos acordos comerciais de exportação para os Estados Unidos. Portanto, caracteriza-se como pesquisa quantitativa, do tipo descritiva e survey, tendo como método de coleta de dados o questionário, sendo analisado por meio de quadros sintéticos, gráficos e seguido da análise descritiva dos dados encontrados. Os resultados denotam que as empresas do sul do Brasil exportadoras de carne bovina in natura percebem que os acordo comerciais são extremamente importantes para o crescimento no mercado externo, porém possuem conhecimento parcial desses acordos comerciais. Além disso, consideram o mercado dos Estados Unidos como parcialmente potencial para carne bovina in natura brasileira, fator relacionado ao alto grau de exigência nos fatores sanitários e fitossanitários.Palavras-chave: Comércio exterior; Acordos Comerciais; Exportação

Neurotherapeutic potential of erythropoietin after ischemic injury of the central nervous system

Erythropoietin (EPO) is one of the most successful biopharmaceuticals in history and is used for treating anemia of different origins. However, it became clear that EPO could also work in a neuroprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative, angiogenetic and neurotropic way. It causes stimulation of cells to delay cell apoptosis, especially in the central nervous system. In rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia, EPO showed an impressive reduction of infarct size by 30% and improvement of neurobehavioral outcome by nearly 40%. A large animal model dealing with ischemia and reperfusion of the spinal cord showed that EPO could reduce the risk of spinal cord injury significantly. In addition, some clinical studies tested whether EPO works in real live clinical settings. One of the most promising studies showed the innocuousness and improvements in follow-up, outcome scales and in infarct size, of EPO-use in humans suffering from ischemic stroke. Another study ended unfortunately in a negative outcome and an increased overall death rate in the EPO group. The most possible reason was the involvement of patients undergoing simultaneously systemic thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. An experimental study on rats demonstrated that administration of EPO might exacerbate tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage without reducing the ischemic brain damage. This case shows clearly how useful animal models can be to check negative side effects of a treatment before going into clinical trials. Other groups looked in human trials at the effects of EPO on the outcome after ischemic stroke, relation to circulating endothelial progenitor cells, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, hemoglobin transfusion thresholds and elective first-time coronary artery bypass surgery. Most of the results were positive, but are based mostly on small group sizes. However, some of the most neglected facts when focusing on experimental setups of ischemia of the central nervous system are issues like age and comorbidities. It might be extremely worthy to consider these points for future projects, because EPO might influence all these factors