On a Rare Visit to Texas

<p>Species' sensitivity scores are calculated as their niche breadth*reliance, with higher values indicating species less sensitive to changes in resource abundance or availability. Equivalent, PECBMS-only <i>BREAKPOINT</i> sets for the forest type and region indicators are presented in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s014" target="_blank">Table S7</a>. ‘0/1’ identifies species that were interchangeable in any given breakpoint set due to equal sensitivity scores – see specific note for each indicator for further details.</p><p><i>*Species also included in current pan-European forest bird indicator (for full list see</i><a href="http://www.ebcc.info/index.php?ID=459" target="_blank">http://www.ebcc.info/index.php?ID=459</a>).</p>a<p>Either species could be included.</p>b<p>Any one of three could be included.</p>c<p>Any two of three could be included.</p

Magnitude and direction of population trends, ecological and life-history traits of 36 passerine species breeding in Europe between 2001 and 2012

Magnitude and direction of population trends (1 = 100%), ecological and life-history traits of 36 passerine species breeding in Europe between 2001 and 2012. Non-breeding niche position varies from 1 (closed forest) to 7 (open country) and non-breeding niche breadth expresses the difference between the values of the two main habitats; non-breeding habitat wetness scores from (1) dry to (3) aquatic habitats. Non-breeding regions: (1) west–central region, (2) west–east region, (3) central–south region, (4) ‘entire’ region. Breeding habitat: forest (F), wetland (W), urban (U) and open habitat (O). PC 1 expresses a gradient from ‘slower strategy’ (K-selected) species to ‘faster strategy’ (r-selected) species. PC 2 depicts a gradient from species allocating most of their energy to just one breeding attempt per season to species spreading their investments across multiple breeding attempts per season

Overview structure of SpecSel, the species' selection algorithm, outlining the process to identify the optimal indicator set for each set size.

<p>SpecSel has been implemented in Java and the program, including detailed coding for the search tree component, can be freely downloaded from <a href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/computing/specsel" target="_blank">https://www.uea.ac.uk/computing/specsel</a>.</p

Summary of comparisons between the temporal dynamics of alternative index sets (<i>MINIMAL</i>, <i>BREAKPOINT</i>, <i>SENSITIVE</i> and, for the pan-European and regional indicators, existing indicator sets <i>CURRENT</i>) for each indicator type and that of an index based on the population dynamics of all species in the candidate pool from which the sets had been drawn (<i>COMMUNITY</i>).

<p>Data presented are the slope (95% confidence interval) and correlation coefficient <i>r</i> of the relationship between the inter-annual changes of <i>COMMUNITY</i> and each alternative indicator set, derived using Type II major axis regression. Slope values less than one reflect greater inter-annual changes in the specific indicator relative to that of <i>COMMUNITY</i>. The 2011 index value for each alternative indicator is also shown. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; <i>ns</i> – not significant.</p>a<p>Calculated from the geometric mean of constituent species' population change between 1980 (1982 for East and 1989 for South) and 2011 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217-Gregory3" target="_blank">[13]</a>.</p

Temporal dynamics of pan-European woodland bird indicator, drawn from species currently covered by PECBMS, between 1980 and 2011.

<p>Lines show index values, based on the geometric mean of constituent species' population trends, for <i>MINIMAL</i>, <i>BREAKPOINT</i>, <i>SENSITIVE</i>, the existing pan-European woodland bird index (<i>CURRENT</i>) and <i>COMMUNITY</i> sets. Equivalent figures for the regional and woodland type indicators are provided in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s002" target="_blank">Figures S2</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s003" target="_blank">S3</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s004" target="_blank">S4</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s005" target="_blank">S5</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s006" target="_blank">S6</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s007" target="_blank">S7</a>.</p

Relationship between the number of species in the indicator and the average sensitivity score of constituent species in the most sensitive combination for that set size for the pan-European and alternative indicators drawn from all possible species.

<p>Average sensitivity scores calculated as average of niche breadth*reliance across constituent species, with higher scores associated with less sensitive indicators. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097217#pone.0097217.s001" target="_blank">Figure S1</a> for the equivalent figure for pan-European and alternative indicators drawn only from species currently covered by PECBMS.</p

Annual percentage decline in Red List Index for sets of bird species (during 1988–2008) with ≤50% or >50% of IBAs completely protected, and for bird (1988–2008), mammal (1996–2008) and amphibian species (1980–2004) restricted to single sites (AZEs) that are partially/unprotected versus completely protected (averaged across taxa, weighting species equally).

<p>Numbers within each bar refer to the number of species. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals based on uncertainty around the estimated value that is introduced by Data Deficient species.</p

Distribution of PAs, IBAs, and AZEs showing (for the latter two) protected (green), partially protected (amber), and unprotected (red) sites, plus those of unknown protection status (grey), with trends in extent of PAs, and mean % area protected and % sites completely protected for IBAs and AZEs.

<p>Shading shows 95% confidence intervals based on uncertainty around date of protection (and, for a small subset of IBAs, proportion protected). For PAs, the lines represent minimum and maximum estimates with 95% confidence intervals, derived from PAs with delimited boundaries and PAs with and without delimited boundaries, respectively.</p

The proportion of total PA extent covering important sites, 1950–2006.

<p>Lines represent minimum and maximum estimates based on uncertainty in the extent of PAs.</p