14 research outputs found
Dilepton Spectra from Decays of Light Unflavored Mesons
The invariant mass spectrum of the and pairs
from decays of light unflavored mesons with masses below the -meson mass to final states containing along with a dilepton pair one
photon, one meson, and two mesons are calculated within the framework of the
effective meson theory. The results can be used for simulations of the dilepton
spectra in heavy-ion collisions and for experimental searches of dilepton meson
decays.Comment: 73 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables, REVTeX, new references adde
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In this chapter several aspects of the electronic and phonon structure are
considered for the design and engineering of advanced thermoelectric materials. For
a given compound, its thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, is fully exploited only when
the free carrier density is optimized. Achieving higher zT beyond this requires the
improvement in the material quality factor B. Using experimental data on lead chalcogenides
as well as examples of other good thermoelectric materials, we demonstrate
how the fundamental material parameters: effective mass, band anisotropy, deformation
potential, and band degeneracy, among others, impact the thermoelectric
properties and lead to desirable thermoelectric materials. As the quality factor B is
introduced under the assumption of acoustic phonon (deformation potential) scattering,
a brief discussion about carrier scattering mechanisms is also included. This
simple model with the use of an effective deformation potential coefficient fits the
experimental properties of real materials with complex structures and multi-valley
Fermi surfaces remarkably wellâwhich is fortunate as these are features likely found
in advanced thermoelectric materials
Intranasal midazolam: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics assessed by quantitative EEG in healthy volunteers
The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a highly concentrated cyclodextrin-based intranasal (i.n.) midazolam formulation containing the absorption-enhancer chitosan were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and compared with intravenous (i.v.) midazolam. The pharmacodynamic (PD) effects were assessed using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG). Maximal plasma concentrations of 63 and 110 ng/ml were reached at 8.4 and 7.6 min after 3 and 6 mg i.n. midazolam, respectively. After 5 mg i.v. and 6 and 3 mg i.n. midazolam, the times to onset of significant EEG effects in the ÎČ2 band (18-25 Hz) were 1.2, 5.5, and 6.9 min, respectively, and the times to loss of response to auditory stimuli were 3.0, 8.0, and 15.0 min, respectively. A sigmoid maximum-effect (E(max)) model indicated disequilibrium between plasma and effect-site concentrations, with equilibration half-lives of 2.1-4.8 min. The observed pharmacokinetic-PD (PK-PD) properties suggest that i.n. midazolam deserves to be evaluated as an easy and noninvasive method of administering a first benzodiazepine dose, e.g., in out-of-hospital emergency settings with no immediate i.v. access