La estabilización monetaria en Castilla bajo Carlos II

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaDurante gran parte del siglo XVII, Castilla sufrió el desorden monetario de la Casa de Austria, caracterizado por una inflación rampante, deflaciones puntuales y el monopolio del vellón en la circulación monetaria en detrimento de la plata. Por fin, un conjunto de medidas monetarias puestas en práctica en la década de 1680 bajo el reinado de Carlos II consiguió terminar con aquel desorden. En este trabajo modelizamos un sistema monetario bimetálico —plata y vellón— con el fin de analizar las causas del éxito de tales medidas.During a large part of the XVIIth-century the Kingdom of Castile suffered the monetary reform of the Habsbourg Monarchy, characterized by successive periods of inflation and deflation, and an increase in the circulation of "vellón" in substitution of silver coins. Reforms introduced in 1680 by Carlos II ended the disorder of the previous phase. In this article we present a bimetallic model in order to analyse the causes of the success obtained by the monetary reforms of Carlos II.Publicad

Visser's Massive Gravity Bimetric Theory Revisited

A massive gravity theory was proposed by Visser in the late nineties. This theory, based on a backgroung metric $b_{\alpha \beta}$ and on an usual dynamical metric $g_{\alpha \beta}$ has the advantage of being free of ghosts as well as discontinuities present in other massive theories proposed in the past. In the present investigation, the equations of Visser's theory are revisited with a particular care on the related conservation laws.\ It will be shown that a multiplicative factor is missing in the graviton tensor originally derived by Visser, which has no incidence on the weak field approach but becomes important in the strong field regime when, for instance, cosmological applications are considered. In this case, contrary to some previous claims found in the literature, we conclude that a non-static background metric is required in order to obtain a solution able to mimic the $\Lambda$CDM cosmology.Comment: 10 pages - Accepted for publication in Physical Review

Molecular identification of Cordylobia anthropophaga Blanchard (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae collected from dogs (Canis familiaris) in Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.Myiasis-causing larvae were extracted from dogs attending veterinary clinics in Plateau State, Nigeria and subjected to molecular analysis involving polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 28S rRNA gene of blowflies, cloning and sequencing techniques. All larvae were confirmed as Cordylobia anthropophaga Blanchard (Diptera: Calliphoridae) after the initial morphological identification. This is the first molecular identification of any myiasis-causing fly species in Nigeria and may serve as a reliable alternative to morphological identification where samples are not well preserved or difficult to identify to species level.We thank at the Instituto de Investigacion en Recursos Cinegiticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain for providing the facilities to carry out this research.Peer Reviewe

DHT-based functionalities using hypercubes

Decoupling the permanent identifi er of a node from the node's topology-dependent address is a promising approach toward completely scalable self-organizing networks. Existing solutions use a logical tree-like structure that, although allowing for simple address assignment and management, lead to low route selection flexibility. This clearly results in low routing performance and poor resilience to failures. In this paper, we propose to increase the number of candidate paths by using incomplete hypercubes. We will see that this solution can cover a wide range of applications by adapting to the dynamics of the network1st IFIP International Conference on Ad-Hoc NetWorkingRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

BPS states in M-theory and twistorial constituents

We provide a complete algebraic description of BPS states in M-theory in terms of primary constituents that we call BPS preons. We argue that any BPS state preserving $k$ of the 32 supersymmetries is a composite of (32-k) BPS preons. In particular, the BPS states corresponding to the basic M2 and M5 branes are composed of 16 BPS preons. By extending the M-algebra to a generalized D=11 conformal superalgebra $osp(1|64)$ we relate the BPS preons with its fundamental representation, the D=11 supertwistors.Comment: 4 pages. Refs. updated, two cosmetic changes, to appear in PR

Antiferromagnetism at T > 500 K in the layered hexagonal ruthenate SrRu2O6

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license.-- et al.We report an experimental and computational study of the magnetic and electronic properties of the layered Ru(V) oxide SrRu2O6 (hexagonal, P3¯1m), which shows antiferromagnetic order with a Néel temperature of 563(2) K, among the highest for 4d oxides. Magnetic order occurs both within edge-shared octahedral sheets and between layers and is accompanied by anisotropic thermal expansivity that implies strong magnetoelastic coupling of Ru(V) centers. Electrical transport measurements using focused-ion-beam¿induced deposited contacts on a micron-scale crystallite as a function of temperature show p-type semiconductivity. The calculated electronic structure using hybrid density functional theory successfully accounts for the experimentally observed magnetic and electronic structure, and Monte Carlo simulations reveal how strong intralayer as well as weaker interlayer interactions are a defining feature of the high-temperature magnetic order in the material.The work is funded by EPSRC through Grant No. EP/L000202.Peer Reviewe