A REACTION OF 4, 5-DIPHENYLIMIDAZOLE NITRATION IN THE PRESENCE OF SOME 3D-METALS NITRATES

By interaction of cobalt(II), nickel(II), or zinc(II) nitrate with 4,5- diphenylimidazole in methanol in solvotermal conditions the new derivative of imidazole (4,5-diphenyl-2-nitroimidazole) and three new coordinative compounds [M(4,5-Ph2ImNO2)2(CH3OH)2] have been synthesized and investigated. Metal ions have a distorted octahedral environment with N2O4. Coordination number of metal is six. Ligand is coordinated to metal ion by one oxygen atom of nitrogroup and one nitrogen atom of imidazole

Anti-Stokes laser cooling in bulk Erbium-doped materials

We report the first observation of anti-Stokes laser-induced cooling in the Er^{3+}:KPb_{2}Cl_{5} crystal and in the Er^{3+}:CNBZn (CdF_{2}-CdCl_{2}-NaF-BaF_{2}-BaCl_{2}-ZnF_{2}) glass. The internal cooling efficiencies have been calculated by using photothermal deflection spectroscopy. Thermal scans acquired with an infrared thermal camera proved the bulk cooling capability of the studied samples. Implications of these results are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. The figures enclosed with this submission are low quality ones. Versions of this paper with high quality figures are available upon reques

Genome-wide analysis of 53,400 people with irritable bowel syndrome highlights shared genetic pathways with mood and anxiety disorders

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) results from disordered brain–gut interactions. Identifying susceptibility genes could highlight the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We designed a digestive health questionnaire for UK Biobank and combined identified cases with IBS with independent cohorts. We conducted a genome-wide association study with 53,400 cases and 433,201 controls and replicated significant associations in a 23andMe panel (205,252 cases and 1,384,055 controls). Our study identified and confirmed six genetic susceptibility loci for IBS. Implicated genes included NCAM1, CADM2, PHF2/FAM120A, DOCK9, CKAP2/TPTE2P3 and BAG6. The first four are associated with mood and anxiety disorders, expressed in the nervous system, or both. Mirroring this, we also found strong genome-wide correlation between the risk of IBS and anxiety, neuroticism and depression (rg > 0.5). Additional analyses suggested this arises due to shared pathogenic pathways rather than, for example, anxiety causing abdominal symptoms. Implicated mechanisms require further exploration to help understand the altered brain–gut interactions underlying IBS

Upconversion processes and laser action in K5Nd(MoO4)4 stoichiometric crystal

Event: Symposium on Integrated Optics, 2001, San Jose, CA, United States.In this work we report the upconversion processes that produce blue, green, orange, and red emission in K5Nd(MoO4)4 stiochiometric crystal together with the dynamics and spectral properties of the laser emission. It was found that upconversion energy transfer processes reduce the energy storage capacity through the reduction of the fluorescence lifetimes of the metastable 4F3/2 level. The experiments were conducted in such a way that the dynamics of the IR and visible fluorescence was performed under lasing and nonlasing conditions. The dynamics of the unconverted emission shows that both upconversion energy transfer and excited state absorption of the laser emission occur.This work was supported by the Spanish Government CICYT Ref. MAT97-1009, Basque Government (P197/99), and Basque Country University (G21/98).Peer reviewe