Proses Integrasi Sikap Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika SMP Berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013 (Studi Kasus Pada Proses Pembelajaran Kelas VII SMP Al Azhar Syifa Budi Solo Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014)

The objective of this research was to describe the integration process and attitude assessment done by the teacher in mathematics learning process at seventh grade of SMP Al Azhar Syifa Budi Solo. This qualitative research was a case study. The subjects of this research were a teacher and three seventh grade students of SMP Al Azhar Syifa Budi Solo. The data of integration process was in the form of activity within mathematics learning process supported by the subjects' statement. Data analyzing process began by assessing all data available in the recorder, which includes the learning process and interview. There were three steps in analyzing the data: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. Information of attitude assessment was in the form of information gathering activity conducted by the teacher to the students. The data were obtained from the transcription of recorded interview and learning process. Validation techniques used were perseverance maintenance and time triangulation. The results of this research are as follows: 1) Integration process of attitude in mathematics learning at seventh grade of SMP Al Azhar Budi Syifa Solo based on Curriculum 2013. During observation learning process, the teacher asks the students to observe objects and events in daily life related to mathematics learning topic. During question and answer learning process, the teacher gives questions to the students and provides them chance to ask questions. During information gathering process, the students were asked to discuss a certain concept, to read a book and to discuss it, to examine, to explain, and to solve a problem. During associating learning process, the teacher asks the students to analyze, to associate, and to define in details the learning topic. Lastly, during communicating learning process, the teacher helps the students to summarize the material comprehensively. 2) Process of attitude assessment during mathematics learning at seventh grade of SMP Al Azhar Syifa Budi Solo are: the process of curiosity assessment was conducted by the teacher when the students solved the problems related to the materials; the process of responsibility assessment was conducted by the teacher when the students solved the problems and when the students present the result of their discussion in front of the class. The assessment of curiosity and responsibility were conducted by giving checklist mark on the attitude observation sheet

Efektivitas Desain Alat Desinfeksi Dalam Menurunkan Cemaran Candida,sp Pada Air Sungai Untuk Keperluan Jamban Umum Pasar Banjarmasin

EFEKTIVITAS DESAIN ALAT DESINFEKSI DALAM MENURUNKAN CEMARAN candida,sp PADA AIR SUNGAI UNTUK KEPERLUAN JAMBAN UMUM PASAR BANJARMASI

Performance comparison of distributed generation installation arrangement in transmission system for loss control

Placing Distributed Generation (DG) into a power network should be planned wisely. In this paper, the comparison of having different installation arrangement of real-power DGs in transmission system for loss control is presented. Immune-brainstorm-evolutionary programme (IBSEP) was chosen as the optimization technique. It is found that optimizing fixed-size DGs locations gives the highest loss reduction percentage. Apart from that, scattered small-sized DGs throughout a network minimizes transmission loss more than allocating one biger-sized DG at a location

Stability Study of Some Selected Nigerian Crude Oil Emulsions and the Effectiveness of Locally Produced Demulsifier

Crude oil emulsion stability causes high viscosity of crude oil which leads to problems in pipeline transportation and processing. In this research, four samples of crude oil emulsions were collected from Ughelli East Wellhead and labeled A, B, C and D. These samples were characterized to determine their specific gravity, 0API gravity, structural composition, density, temperature, amount of water, amount of gas and the gross crude oil production. The 0API at 60 0F showed that all the samples had values below 30 0API which was an indication that the crude oil produced from these wells were heavy crude oil. The FTIR spectra showed bands at 3444.55 cm-1 for Sample A, 3418.23 cm-1 and 3175.94 cm-1for Sample B, 3444.61 cm-1 for Sample C and  3444.49 cm-1 for Sample D attributing to strong and broad O-H stretch, H-bonded and an indication of Asphaltenes presence; the alkanes signal, C-H stretch at 2961.14 cm-1 for Sample A, 2926.00 cm-1 for Sample B, 2924.15 cm-1 for Sample C and 2922.88 cm-1 for Sample D are indications of the presence of wax; C=O stretch at 1737.74 cm-1 only present in sample C is an indication of the presence of resins. The well test details showed that sample A and B had smaller water percentage in the gross crude oil production than Sample C and D with high water percentage. Therefore crude oil produced from these four wells represented by samples A, B, C and D contains natural emulsion stabilizers and stable. However, the stability of Samples A and B are more than that of Samples C and D. The performance of locally produced demulsifier increased with increase in residence time of contacting it with the emulsion samples at their operating temperatures, while equal dosage of patent Separol N46 demulsifier showed no performance within thesame residence time. However, treatments AWHT, BRT, CWHT and DWHT all at well head temperatures of 35.6 0C, 27 0C, 48.2 0C and 48.8 0C respectively showed that most water was expelled in 480 minutes. Key words: Stability, Selected, Crude oil, Emulsion, Demulsifiers, Treatmen

A Comparative Study of Enhanced Nonlinear PI to Multivariable Nonlinear Plant

The static gains of PI controller have limitation to handle the process nonlinearities of the system. This suggests the development of enhanced nonlinear PI controller where a nonlinear gain function is cascaded to PI parameters. Two nonlinear gain functions are developed and the effectiveness of the control performance is investigated for two different control structures for a multivariable nonlinear wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). It was proved that superior output with the lower mean error was obtained by developed nonlinear PI specifically in the multivariable control structure. The developed nonlinear PI offers simpler control structure and easy implementation hence offering alternative control strategy for the multivariable system

Exergetic analysis of breakfast cereal production in Nigeria

This work comprehensively studied energy and exergy analyses of breakfast cereal production in Nigeria. The process analysis method of energy accounting wa s used to evaluate the energy requirement for each of the five defined unit operations. The total energy used in the operation is 1,287.94 MJ. The types of energy used in breakfast cereal production were electrical, thermal and manual and the respective pe rcentages are 48.87%, 50.53% and 0.60%. It was estimated that an average energy intensity of 11.27 MJ/kg was required for the production of breakfast cereals. The most energy intensive operation was identified as the mixing operation followed by milling with energy intensities of 665.10 MJ/kg and 383.04 MJ/kg, respectively. The exergy analysis revealed that the roller dryer was responsible for most of the inefficiency (over 65.94%) followed by the wet mixer (27.40%). Suggestions for energy saving which will help in the reducing the high expenditure on energy and thus improve the profit margin were provided. Keywords : Energy, Exergy, Efficiency Breakfast Cerea

Development of Nonlinear Adaptive PI Controller For Improved Pneumatic Actuator System

The wide application of pneumatic actuator in electrical and electronics sectors are undeniable hence ask for a good control environment. PID controller is always known with easy implementation and good control performance. But the limitation of the PID static gains to effectively control the complex nonlinear system is unavoidable. This suggests the enhancement of the PI controller with a nonlinear adaptive interaction algorithm (AIA). The modification is introduced by integrating a nonlinear gain function that adaptively tunes the AIA parameter, hence resulting the best tuning of the PI control gains. The uncertainties and nonlinearities inherent in the system parameters are believed to be handled by the integration, therefore improving the controller performances while maintaining the pneumatic actuator at the desired position. It was proved that improved error performance criteria’s, settling time and overshoot were resulted by the nonlinear AIA PI compared to fix AIA PI. Besides, the nonlinear AIA PI has successfully reduced the overshoot to 5.35% and 6.70% compared to optimal AIA PI and optimal PI controller, respectively. To conclude, the development of the proposed controller is demonstrated to function well and offers an alternative tuning strategy in other electronical and electronic engineering applications

Development of Nonlinear Adaptive PI Controller For Improved Pneumatic Actuator System

The wide application of pneumatic actuator in electrical and electronics sectors are undeniable hence ask for a good control environment. PID controller is always known with easy implementation and good control performance. But the limitation of the PID static gains to effectively control the complex nonlinear system is unavoidable. This suggests the enhancement of the PI controller with a nonlinear adaptive interaction algorithm (AIA). The modification is introduced by integrating a nonlinear gain function that adaptively tunes the AIA parameter, hence resulting the best tuning of the PI control gains. The uncertainties and nonlinearities inherent in the system parameters are believed to be handled by the integration, therefore improving the controller performances while maintaining the pneumatic actuator at the desired position. It was proved that improved error performance criteria’s, settling time and overshoot were resulted by the nonlinear AIA PI compared to fix AIA PI. Besides, the nonlinear AIA PI has successfully reduced the overshoot to 5.35% and 6.70% compared to optimal AIA PI and optimal PI controller, respectively. To conclude, the development of the proposed controller is demonstrated to function well and offers an alternative tuning strategy in other electronical and electronic engineering applications