Innovational methods of development of intellectual labor for economy’s security

The notion “development of intellectual labor for the purpose of economy’s security” is viewed as development of society’s intellectual potential that includes the protected socio-economic information, developed by a person or a group of persons. The social factors that reduce economic security and their consequences in economy are given, namely: negative dynamics of implementing new progressive technologies into production, insufficient coordination of work in the sphere of innovational development, etc. The forms of intellectual development of human resources (intellectual development of personality, control over intellectual information) are offered, which bring the country’s economy to competitiveness and security. The traditional and innovational methods of intellectual labor development are studied (studying in universities and colleges, increase of personnel’s qualification in view of academic degrees (Ph.D., doctor of economics), as well as receipt of economic information through Internet resources, scientific publication, statistical information, etc.), as well as the methods of development of IT services and methods of prevention of intellectual diversions and violation of information confidentiality. It is offered to implement the program of equal initial possibilities for intellectual development of human resources in view of access to higher education, creative activities, as well as legal protection for everyone, etc. Analysis of implementation of innovational methods of intellectual labor development supposes planning activities in view of development of intellectual labor for the purpose of the region’s economy’s security.peer-reviewe

Histidine-Triad Hydrolases Provide Resistance to Peptide-Nucleotide Antibiotics.

The Escherichia coli microcin C (McC) and related compounds are potent Trojan horse peptide-nucleotide antibiotics. The peptide part facilitates transport into sensitive cells. Inside the cell, the peptide part is degraded by nonspecific peptidases releasing an aspartamide-adenylate containing a phosphoramide bond. This nonhydrolyzable compound inhibits aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In addition to the efficient export of McC outside the producing cells, special mechanisms have evolved to avoid self-toxicity caused by the degradation of the peptide part inside the producers. Here, we report that histidine-triad (HIT) hydrolases encoded in biosynthetic clusters of some McC homologs or by standalone genes confer resistance to McC-like compounds by hydrolyzing the phosphoramide bond in toxic aspartamide-adenosine, rendering them inactive. IMPORTANCE Uncovering the mechanisms of resistance is a required step for countering the looming antibiotic resistance crisis. In this communication, we show how universally conserved histidine-triad hydrolases provide resistance to microcin C, a potent inhibitor of bacterial protein synthesis

Development of a three-level model of early rehabilitation in Perm kray

The article deals with the concept and the content of the technology of early rehabilitation and carries out a retrospective analysis of its development in the Russian Federation and abroad. The authors present the experience of organizing the system of early rehabilitation services in Perm Kray as a three-level model. At the macro-level, the model describes the content and the specificity of realization of the mechanisms of interdepartmental cooperation and highlights the problems and perspectives of their realization. The meso-level deals with the organization of activity of the services of early rehabilitation in institutions of various departments and agencies.В статье представлен опыт организации системы ранней помощи в Пермском крае, сложившейся в виде трехуровневой модели.

Analysis of factors associated with arterial stiffness in the general working-age population

Aim. To examine associations of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with classical, behavioral and social risk factors (RFs) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adult population.Material and methods. The study included 1365 people (women, 59%) from a representative sample aged 25-64 years (ESSE-RF), who underwent standard cardiology screening and volume sphygmography (VaSera-1500). All respondents signed an informed consent to participate in the study. The analysis included blocks of classical, social and behavioral risk factors for CVD. A linear model was used to identify associations. An error rate of <5% was considered significant.Results. Age, sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglycerides were associated with higher CAVI values, and body mass index (BMI) was associated with lower values, respectively. After 45 years, a direct association with heart rate (HR) became increasingly important, while after 50 years — with diabetes and the intake of beta-blockers, while the association between diabetes and CAVI was observed only among individuals not taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. A direct association was found with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in men, and an inverse association with diuretics in women, respectively. A sedentary work in combination with a history of bronchitis or with positive family history for CVD showed a direct relationship, while a sufficient physical activity (PA) showed an inverse relationship with the studied indicator, but only among people with belowaverage income.Conclusion. According to the data obtained, in addition to age and sex, the following risk factors made a significant contribution to CAVI parameters in the examined population: BMI, SBP, triglycerides, diabetes, HR, intake of betablockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors; hsCRP, PA. The unfavorable role of betablockers, high HR, diabetes, sedentary work, chronic lung pathology, hereditary burden, as well as the protective role of ACE inhibitors, diuretics and intense PA in relation to arterial stiffness in the working-age population has been shown. Additional studies are needed to determine the nature of a number of associations. The results obtained may contribute to the study of CAVI role in risk stratification and further development of methodological approaches to CVD prevention

Детерминанты контроля артериальной гипертонии в гипертензивной популяции, получающей медикаментозную терапию

Highlights. The leading factor of ineffective arterial hypertension (AH) control in the population taking medications was the number of metabolic risk factors (RF). In addition, in men, the odds of reaching the blood pressure targets were lower if there was a history of kidney disease and bronchitis, and higher, if statins and hypotensive drugs were taken together, respectively. In women, heart rate equal or higher than 75 beats/min and total carotid atherosclerotic plaque thickness were associated with lower and a visit to a physician in the past year - with higher odds of effective hypertension control, respectively.Aim. Analysis of factors associated with reaching blood pressure targets in hypertensive population taking medications.Methods. We examined men and women of 25-64 y.o., randomly drawn from general population, having hypertension and receiving medications. All participants underwent standardized cardiac screening, including a survey on a number of socio-demographic, psychosocial, behavioral variables, traditional and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, life quality. We measured anthropometric and blood pressure variables, "intima-media" thickness, presence and total thickness of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Analysis included data from 480 respondents. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were used. To analyze relationships, multivariable logistic regression was used. An error probability <5% was considered statistically significant.Results. After adjustment for age, wealth level, cardio-vascular deseases and the number of antihypertensive drugs, the following factors increased the chances of effective treatment for hypertension in men - statins, positive answer to the question “Do you feel pain or discomfort?” on the EQ5D scale. Lower odds for detecting target blood pressure levels were associated to the count of metabolic syndrome components according to IDF criteria except arterial hypertension (0-4), kidney disease, previous bronchitis, age. A direct association with the effectiveness of treatment for hypertension in women was shown by a visit to the doctor during the past year, and the opposite - the number of metabolic syndrome components, heart rate ≥75 per minute and the total thickness of carotid atherosclerotic plaques, respectively.Conclusion. Lack of hypertension control was associated to metabolic risk factors count, age, kidney disease, heart rate ≥75 per minute, previous bronchitis, lack of visit to a doctor over the past year, as well as total thickness of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The situation can be improved by deliberately losing weight, taking statins by all people at very high and high risk, and seeing a doctor regularly. It is necessary to further study the factors that hinder achievement of blood pressure targets, as well as methods aimed at the prevention and effective correction of metabolic disorders.Основные положения. Ведущим фактором неэффективного контроля артериальной гипертонии (АГ) в медикаментозно лечащейся популяции было количество метаболических факторов риска (ФР). Кроме того, у мужчин шансы достижения целевого уровня артериального давления были ниже при наличии в анамнезе заболеваний почек и бронхита, и выше - при совместном приеме статинов и гипотензивных препаратов, соответственно. У женщин частота сердечных сокращений >75 уд/мин и суммарная толщина каротидных атеросклеротических бляшек ассоциировались с более низкими, а визит к врачу за прошедший год - с более высокими шансами эффективного контроля заболевания.Цель. Анализ факторов, ассоциированных с вероятностью эффективного медикаментозного контроля артериальной гипертонии (АГ) в гипертензивной популяции.Материалы и методы. Объект исследования - мужчины и женщины репрезентативной выборки неорганизованной популяции 25-64 лет, страдающие АГ и получающие медикаментозную терапию. Все участники исследования прошли стандартизованный кардиологический скрининг, включающий опрос по ряду социально-демографических, психосоциальных, поведенческих переменных, анамнез и семейный характер заболеваний, наличие традиционных и метаболических факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, оценку качества жизни, антропометрические измерения, измерение артериального давления (АД), толщины комплекса «интима - медиа», наличия и суммарной толщины каротидных атеросклеротических бляшек. В анализ вошли данные 480 респондентов. Использованы методы параметрический и непараметрической статистики. Для анализа взаимосвязей применяли многофакторную логистическую регрессию. Вероятность ошибки <5% считали статистически значимой.Результаты. Согласно оценкам, полученным с поправкой на возраст, уровень достатка, наличие сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и количество принимаемых гипотензивных препаратов, у мужчин шансы эффективного лечения АГ повышали прием статинов и положительный ответ на вопрос о боли или дискомфорте по шкале EQ5D; понижали шансы выявления целевых уровней АД количество компонентов метаболического синдрома кроме АГ по критериям IDF (0-4), заболевания почек, перенесенный бронхит, возраст. Прямую ассоциацию с эффективностью лечения АГ у женщин показал визит к врачу за прошедший год, обратную - количество компонентов метаболического синдрома, частота сердечных сокращений ≥75 уд/мин и суммарная высота каротидных атеросклеротических бляшек.Заключение. Результаты данной работы подчеркивают важный вклад в неэффективность контроля АГ таких факторов, как количество метаболических факторов риска, возраст, заболевания почек, высокая частота сердечных сокращений, перенесенный бронхит, непосещение врача за прошедший год, а также выраженность каротидного атеросклероза. На ситуацию может положительно влиять намеренное снижение избыточного веса, прием статинов лицами очень высокого и высокого риска, а также регулярное посещение врача. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение факторов, затрудняющих достижение целевых уровней АД, а также методов, нацеленных на профилактику и эффективную коррекцию метаболических расстройств

Children’s long Covid-19: changes in health

The aim of the study - to identify the features of the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 in children living in Chelyabinsk and the health status of children within 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infectionЦель исследования – выявление особенностей клинического течения SARS-Cov-2 у детей, проживающих в г. Челябинске и состояния здоровья детей в течение 6 месяцев после перенесенной инфекции SARS-CoV-

Purinergic profiling of regulatory T-cells in patients with episodic migraine

© 2018 Nurkhametova, Kudryavtsev, Khayrutdinova, Serebryakova, Altunbaev, Malm and Giniatullin. Objectives: Immune responses in migraine are poorly characterized, yet implicated in the disease pathogenesis. This study was carried out to characterize purinergic profiles of T-cells in patients with episodic migraine without aura (MWoA) to provide mechanistic evidence for ATP and adenosine involvement in modulation of immune regulation in migraine. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from patients with migraine (n = 16) and age-matched control subjects (n = 21). Subsets of T-cells were identified by flow cytometry based on specific membrane markers. Results: Migraine patients showed reduced total T-cell counts in the peripheral blood. Whereas the total number of CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, or regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) was not changed, the proportion of Treg CD45R0+CD62L– and CD45R0–CD62L– cells was increased. Interestingly, in migraine, less Treg cells expressed CD39 and CD73 suggesting disrupted ATP breakdown to adenosine. The negative correlations were observed between the duration of migraine and the relative number of CD73+CD39– Tregs and total number of CD73-positive CD45R0+CD62L+ Tregs. Conclusion: Obtained data indicate that T-cell populations are altered in episodic migraine and suggest the involvement of Tregs in the pathophysiology of this disorder. Reduced expression of CD39 and CD73 suggests promotion of ATP-dependent pro-inflammatory and reduction of adenosine-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms in migraine