2,106 research outputs found
Empathy and medical education.
Spiro has said, "computed tomographic scans offer no compassion and magnetic resonance imaging has no human face. Only men and women are capable of empathy." Empathy is an essential and required part of our roles as caregivers. We must enhance this natural emotion that exists in each of us; we can do so by carefully designing a curriculum, much as we would for learning about the physiology of the liver. The roots of our need for detachment and equanimity go back to Sir William Osler, but the pendulum has swung too far, and the need for retention of millions of data bits overwhelms our souls. Although excessive emotion is destructive and counter-productive, we must not suppress our passion--but control it. The best physician both feels with the patient and prescribes for the patient at the same time. To do one without the other is inadequate care. As medical educators our task is clear
SWOT Analysis of Information Security Management System ISO 27001
Information security is a main concern for many organisations with no signs of decreasing urgency in the coming years. To address this a structured approach is required, with the ISO 27000 series being one of the most popular practices for managing Information Security. In this work, we used a combination of qualitative research methods to conduct a SWOT analysis on the ISMS. The findings from the SWOT were then validated using a survey instrument. Finally, the results were validated and analysed using statistical methods. Our findings show that there was a generally positive view on the 'Strengths' and 'Opportunities' compared to that of 'Weaknesses' and 'Threats'. We identified statistically significant differences in the perception of 'Strengths' and 'Opportunities' across groups but also found that there is no significant variance in the perception of 'Threats'. The SWOT produced will help practitioners and researchers tailor ways to enhance ISMS using existing techniques such as TOWS matrix
Kayserliche Und Christliche Tugenden Leopoldi I. deß Grossen, Weyland Römischen Kaysers, In Germanien, Ungarn, Böheim, Dalmatien Croatien und Sclavonien Königs, Ertz-Hertzogens in Oesterreich, [et]c. [et]c.
Detection of the Second r-process Peak Element Tellurium in Metal-Poor Stars
Using near-ultraviolet spectra obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope, we detect neutral tellurium in
three metal-poor stars enriched by products of r-process nucleosynthesis, BD+17
3248, HD 108317, and HD 128279. Tellurium (Te, Z=52) is found at the second
r-process peak (A=130) associated with the N=82 neutron shell closure, and it
has not been detected previously in Galactic halo stars. The derived tellurium
abundances match the scaled solar system r-process distribution within the
uncertainties, confirming the predicted second peak r-process residuals. These
results suggest that tellurium is predominantly produced in the main component
of the r-process, along with the rare earth elements.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters (5
pages, 2 figures
New Detections of Arsenic, Selenium, and Other Heavy Elements in Two Metal-Poor Stars
We use the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space
Telescope to obtain new high-quality spectra covering the 1900 to 2360 Angstrom
wavelength range for two metal-poor stars, HD 108317 and HD 128279. We derive
abundances of Cu II, Zn II, As I, Se I, Mo II, and Cd II, which have not been
detected previously in either star. Abundances derived for Ge I, Te I, Os II,
and Pt I confirm those derived from lines at longer wavelengths. We also derive
upper limits from the non-detection of W II, Hg II, Pb II, and Bi I. The mean
[As/Fe] ratio derived from these two stars and five others in the literature is
unchanged over the metallicity range -2.8 = +0.28
+/- 0.14 (std. dev. = 0.36 dex). The mean [Se/Fe] ratio derived from these two
stars and six others in the literature is also constant, = +0.16 +/-
0.09 (std. dev. = 0.26 dex). The As and Se abundances are enhanced relative to
a simple extrapolation of the iron-peak abundances to higher masses, suggesting
that this mass region (75 < A < 82) may be the point at which a different
nucleosynthetic mechanism begins to dominate the quasi-equilibrium alpha-rich
freezeout of the iron peak. = +0.56 +/- 0.23 in HD 108317 and HD
128279, and we infer that lines of Cu I may not be formed in local
thermodynamic equilibrium in these stars. The [Zn/Fe], [Mo/Fe], [Cd/Fe], and
[Os/Fe] ratios are also derived from neutral and ionized species, and each
ratio pair agrees within the mutual uncertainties, which range from 0.15 to
0.52 dex.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 13 pages, 10
figure
Recovering rearranged cancer chromosomes from karyotype graphs
BACKGROUND: Many cancer genomes are extensively rearranged with highly aberrant chromosomal karyotypes. Structural and copy number variations in cancer genomes can be determined via abnormal mapping of sequenced reads to the reference genome. Recently it became possible to reconcile both of these types of large-scale variations into a karyotype graph representation of the rearranged cancer genomes. Such a representation, however, does not directly describe the linear and/or circular structure of the underlying rearranged cancer chromosomes, thus limiting possible analysis of cancer genomes somatic evolutionary process as well as functional genomic changes brought by the large-scale genome rearrangements. RESULTS: Here we address the aforementioned limitation by introducing a novel methodological framework for recovering rearranged cancer chromosomes from karyotype graphs. For a cancer karyotype graph we formulate an Eulerian Decomposition Problem (EDP) of finding a collection of linear and/or circular rearranged cancer chromosomes that are determined by the graph. We derive and prove computational complexities for several variations of the EDP. We then demonstrate that Eulerian decomposition of the cancer karyotype graphs is not always unique and present the Consistent Contig Covering Problem (CCCP) of recovering unambiguous cancer contigs from the cancer karyotype graph, and describe a novel algorithm CCR capable of solving CCCP in polynomial time. We apply CCR on a prostate cancer dataset and demonstrate that it is capable of consistently recovering large cancer contigs even when underlying cancer genomes are highly rearranged. CONCLUSIONS: CCR can recover rearranged cancer contigs from karyotype graphs thereby addressing existing limitation in inferring chromosomal structures of rearranged cancer genomes and advancing our understanding of both patient/cancer-specific as well as the overall genetic instability in cancer
Hubble Space Telescope Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of the Bright CEMP-no Star BD+44 493
We present an elemental-abundance analysis, in the near-ultraviolet (NUV)
spectral range, for the extremely metal-poor star BD+44 493, a 9th magnitude
sub-giant with [Fe/H] = -3.8 and enhanced carbon, based on data acquired with
the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. This
star is the brightest example of a class of objects that, unlike the great
majority of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, does not exhibit
over-abundances of heavy neutron-capture elements (CEMP-no). In this paper, we
validate the abundance determinations for a number of species that were
previously studied in the optical region, and obtain strong upper limits for
beryllium and boron, as well as for neutron-capture elements from zirconium to
platinum, many of which are not accessible from ground-based spectra. The boron
upper limit we obtain for BD+44 493, logeps(B) < -0.70, the first such
measurement for a CEMP star, is the lowest yet found for very and extremely
metal-poor stars. In addition, we obtain even lower upper limits on the
abundances of beryllium, logeps(Be) < -2.3, and lead, logeps(Pb) < -0.23
([Pb/Fe] < +1.90), than those reported by previous analyses in the optical
range. Taken together with the previously measured low abundance of lithium,
the very low upper limits on Be and B suggest that BD+44 493 was formed at a
very early time, and that it could well be a bona-fide second-generation star.
Finally, the Pb upper limit strengthens the argument for non-s-process
production of the heavy-element abundance patterns in CEMP-no stars.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in Ap
Dissociative electron attachment to the H2O molecule. II. Nuclear dynamics on coupled electronic surfaces within the local complex potential model
We report the results of a first-principles study of dissociative electron
attachment to H2O. The cross sections are obtained from nuclear dynamics
calculations carried out in full dimensionality within the local complex
potential model by using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method.
The calculations employ our previously obtained global, complex-valued,
potential-energy surfaces for the three (doublet B1, doublet A1, and doublet
B2) electronic Feshbach resonances involved in this process. These three
metastable states of H2O- undergo several degeneracies, and we incorporate both
the Renner-Teller coupling between the B1 and A1 states as well as the conical
intersection between the A1 and B2 states into our treatment. The nuclear
dynamics are inherently multidimensional and involve branching between
different final product arrangements as well as extensive excitation of the
diatomic fragment. Our results successfully mirror the qualitative features of
the major fragment channels observed, but are less successful in reproducing
the available results for some of the minor channels. We comment on the
applicability of the local complex potential model to such a complicated
resonant system.Comment: Corrected version of Phys Rev A 75, 012711 (2007
Hubble Space Telescope Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Bright CEMP-s Stars
We present an elemental-abundance analysis, in the near-ultraviolet (NUV)
spectral range, for the bright carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars HD196944
(V = 8.40, [Fe/H] = -2.41) and HD201626 (V = 8.16, [Fe/H] = -1.51), based on
data acquired with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the
Hubble Space Telescope. Both of these stars belong to the sub-class CEMP-s, and
exhibit clear over-abundances of heavy elements associated with production by
the slow neutron-capture process. HD196944 has been well-studied in the optical
region, but we are able to add abundance results for six species (Ge, Nb, Mo,
Lu, Pt, and Au) that are only accessible in the NUV. In addition, we provide
the first determination of its orbital period, P=1325 days. HD201626 has only a
limited number of abundance results based on previous optical work -- here we
add five new species from the NUV, including Pb. We compare these results with
models of binary-system evolution and s-process element production in stars on
the asymptotic giant branch, aiming to explain their origin and evolution. Our
best-fitting models for HD 196944 (M1,i = 0.9Mo, M2,i = 0.86Mo, for
[Fe/H]=-2.2), and HD 201626 (M1,i = 0.9Mo , M2,i = 0.76Mo , for [Fe/H]=-2.2;
M1,i = 1.6Mo , M2,i = 0.59Mo, for [Fe/H]=-1.5) are consistent with the current
accepted scenario for the formation of CEMP-s stars.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in Ap
Atomic masses of intermediate-mass neutron-deficient nuclei with relative uncertainty down to 35-ppb via multireflection time-of-flight mass spectrograph
High-precision mass measurements of Cu, Zn, Ga,
Ge, As, Br, Rb, and Sr were performed
utilizing a multireflection time-of-flight mass spectrograph combined with the
gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS-II. In the case of Ga, a mass
uncertainty of 2.1 keV, corresponding to a relative precision of , was obtained and the mass value is in excellent agreement
with the 2016 Atomic Mass Evaluation. For Ge and Br, where masses
were previously deduced through indirect measurements, discrepancies with
literature values were found. The feasibility of using this device for mass
measurements of nuclides more neutron-deficient side, which have significant
impact on the -process pathway, is discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
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