2,649 research outputs found
Effect of an InP/InGaAs Interface on Spin-orbit Interaction in InAlAs/InGaAs Heterostructures
We report the effect of the insertion of an InP/InGaAs
Interface on Rashba spin-orbit interaction in
InAlAs/InGaAs quantum wells. A small spin
split-off energy in InP produces a very intriguing band lineup in the valence
bands in this system. With or without this InP layer above the
InGaAs well, the overall values of the spin-orbit coupling
constant turned out to be enhanced or diminished for samples with the
front- or back-doping position, respectively. These experimental results, using
weak antilocalization analysis, are compared with the results of the
theory. The actual conditions of the interfaces and
materials should account for the quantitative difference in magnitude between
the measurements and calculations.Comment: Submitted for publication; v2 to adjust Eq.6; v3 to correct the
figure file name; v4, a revised version accepted for publication in Phys.
Rev.
Spin-Hall effect in two-dimensional mesoscopic hole systems
The spin Hall effect in two dimensional hole systems is studied by using the
four-terminal Landauer-B\"{u}ttiker formula with the help of Green functions.
The spin Hall effect exists even when there are {\em not} any correlations
between the spin-up and -down heavy holes (light holes) and when the
-point degeneracy of the heavy hole and light hole bands is lifted by
the confinement or recovered by the strain. When only a heavy hole charge
current without any spin polarization is injected through one lead, under right
choice of lead voltages, one can get a pure heavy (light) hole spin current,
combined with a possible impure light (heavy) hole spin current from another
two leads. The spin Hall coefficients of both heavy and light holes depend on
the Fermi energy, devise size and the disorder strength. It is also shown that
the spin Hall effect of two dimensional hole systems is much more robust than
that of electron systems with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling and the spin Hall
coefficients do not decrease with the system size but tend to some nonzero
values when the disorder strength is smaller than some critical value.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
All-electrical detection of the relative strength of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction in quantum wires
We propose a method to determine the relative strength of Rashba and
Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction from transport measurements without the need
of fitting parameters. To this end, we make use of the conductance anisotropy
in narrow quantum wires with respect to the directions of an in-plane magnetic
field, the quantum wire and the crystal orientation. We support our proposal by
numerical calculations of the conductance of quantum wires based on the
Landauer formalism which show the applicability of the method to a wide range
of parameters.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Topological classification of vortex-core structures of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates
We classify vortex-core structures according to the topology of the order
parameter space. By developing a method to characterize how the order parameter
changes inside the vortex core. We apply this method to the spin-1
Bose-Einstein condensates and show that the vortex-core structures are
classified by winding numbers that are locally defined in the core region. We
also show that a vortex-core structure with a nontrivial winding number can be
stabilized under a negative quadratic Zeeman effect.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
An Application of Kerr Blackhole Fly-Wheel Model to Statistical Properties of QSOs/AGNs
The aim of this work is to demonstrate the properties of the magnetospheric
model around Kerr blackholes (BHs), so-called the fly-wheel (rotation driven)
model. The fly-wheel engine of the BH-accretion disk system is applied to the
statistics of QSOs/AGNs. In the model, the central BH is assumed to be formed
at and obtains nearly maximum but finite rotation energy (
extreme Kerr BH) at the formation stage. The inherently obtained rotation
energy of the Kerr BH is released through an magnetohydrodynamic process. This
model naturally leads finite lifetime of AGN activity.
Nitta et al. (1991) clarified individual evolution of Kerr BH fly-wheel
engine which is parametrized by BH mass, initial Kerr parameter, magnetic field
near the horizon and a dimension-less small parameter. We impose a statistical
model for the initial mass function (IMF) of ensemble of BHs by the
Press-Schechter formalism. By the help of additional assumptions, we can
discuss the evolution of the luminosity function and the spatial number density
of QSOs/AGNs.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures Fig.7 has been replace
Nonlinear realization of local symmetries of AdS space
Coset methods are used to construct the action describing the dynamics
associated with the spontaneous breaking of the local symmetries of AdS_{d+1}
space due to the embedding of an AdS_d brane. The resulting action is an
SO(2,d) invariant AdS form of the Einstein-Hilbert action, which in addition to
the AdS_d gravitational vielbein, also includes a massive vector field
localized on the brane. Its long wavelength dynamics is the same as a massive
Abelian vector field coupled to gravity in AdS_d space.Comment: 17 page
Spin-orbit induced interference in polygon-structures
We investigate the spin-orbit induced spin-interference pattern of ballistic
electrons travelling along any regular polygon. It is found that the
spin-interference depends strongly on the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit
constants as well as on the sidelength and alignment of the polygon. We derive
the analytical formulae for the limiting cases of either zero Dresselhaus or
zero Rashba spin-orbit coupling, including the result obtained for a circle. We
calculate the nonzero Dresselhaus and Rashba case numerically for the square,
triangle, hexagon, and circle and discuss the observability of the
spin-interference which can potentially be used to measure the Rashba and
Dresselhaus coefficients.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Mesoscopic Stern-Gerlach spin filter by nonuniform spin-orbit interaction
A novel spin filtering in two-dimensional electron system with nonuniform
spin-orbit interactions (SOI) is theoretically studied. The strength of SOI is
modulated perpendicular to the charge current. A spatial gradient of effective
magnetic field due to the nonuniform SOI causes the Stern-Gerlach type spin
separation. The direction of the polarization is perpendicular to the current
and parallel to the spatial gradient. Almost 100 % spin polarization can be
realized even without applying any external magnetic fields and without
attaching ferromagnetic contacts. The spin polarization persists even in the
presence of randomness.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures (2 color figures), to appear in Phys. Rev. B,
Rapid Commu
Spin imbalance effect on Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrel state
We study spin imbalance effects on the Larkin-Ovchinikov-Fulde-Ferrel (LOFF)
state relevant for superconductors under a strong magnetic field and spin
polarized ultracold Fermi gas. We obtain the exact solution for the condensates
with arbitrary spin imbalance and the fermion spectrum perturbatively in the
presence of small spin imbalance. We also obtain fermion zero mode exactly
without perturbation.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; v2 slightly improved, typos fixed, published
versio
Self-similar solution of fast magnetic reconnection: Semi-analytic study of inflow region
An evolutionary process of the fast magnetic reconnection in ``free space''
which is free from any influence of outer circumstance has been studied
semi-analytically, and a self-similarly expanding solution has been obtained.
The semi-analytic solution is consistent with the results of our numerical
simulations performed in our previous paper (see Nitta et al. 2001). This
semi-analytic study confirms the existence of self-similar growth. On the other
hand, the numerical study by time dependent computer simulation clarifies the
stability of the self-similar growth with respect to any MHD mode. These
results confirm the stable self-similar evolution of the fast magnetic
reconnection system.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure
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