14 research outputs found
Π‘Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ (F1) Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Global experience related to increased pork production shows that breeding work has become an integral part of the technology, since it is impossible to further improve breeding and performance traits of animals without it and therefore the greater production of better quality pork. The paper presents the results of the breeding process arrangement for creation of F1 parental pig. Substantiation of breeding techniques when creating the final parental groups of sows (F1) with a high adaptive ability was based on complex methods to evaluate breeding animals, including traditional methods of domestic breeding and breeding indices. Evaluation of combination compatibility of breed-linear hybrids with the use of breeding indices during mating of parent initial forms allows to determine efficiency of using Yorkshire sows with Landrace boars, and Landrace sows with Yorkshire boars (final parental sows (F1)), which had significantly better reproductive indicators in comparison with BLW Ρ
BM genotype sows. Particularly efficient compatibility was recorded when selecting Yorkshire sows and Landrace boars. It was determined that in modern conditions an increase in the efficiency of breeding and pedigree work in pig breeding was based on the use of genetic methods, including: individual assessment of pedigree species according to the main breeding traits, evaluation of genome of each breeding animal, and use of breeding indices allowing to identify the true genetic potential of animals and predict performance traits of their offspring. The research relevance lies in using the innovative methodology for comprehensive assessment of combination compatibility of parental pairs, unified for pig husbandries and pig farms, which will make it possible to 10% accelerate the breeding process of forming the final parental forms of sows, ensure obtaining offspring with predictable reproductive, fattening and meat traits, and good adaptive ability.ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π±Π΅Π· Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ F1. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ (F1) Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ Ρ
ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ Ρ Ρ
ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ (ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ (F1)), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΠΠ Ρ
ΠΠ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ Ρ
ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
: ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°Ρ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡ
ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° 10 %, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠΠΠ«Π¨ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘Π’Π Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ« ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ‘ Π Π£Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠ―Π₯ ΠΠΠΠΠ€ΠΠ ΠΠ« ΠΠ ΠΠΠ«Π¨ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠΠ
Over the past 5 years in the Republic of Belarus positive trends in growth of animal performance and their genetic potential have been determined. Currently the achievements of the worldβs best breeding are used in this field for improvement of domestic breeds of pigs, rapid introduction of breeding material through regional SIO is carried out. In practice, methods of selection based on DNA technologies have been worked out and widely implemented. The purpose of the work is to obtain high-productive maternal genotypes of pigs in Landrace breed on the basis of selection and genetic methods and to predict their performance for a number of generations. Performance traits of pigs in several generations of imported Landrace breed in conditions of breeding farm were studied. The coefficients of heritability and the selection differential of selected key features by reproductive traits of sows in the initial generation were determined, on the basis of which the forecast of effect of selection on the number of generations was carried out. Target selection standards are developed for piglets selection for breeding process. The researches made it possible to make an accurate prediction of the performance traits of sows, as well as to form a highly productive herd of Landrace breed animals. To adapt them to the conditions of pork production on an industrial basis in a short time period. To prove that in case of target breeding in a number of generations, their reproductive traitsΒ can be substantially improved, and also based on genetic and population techniques and methods to predict their performance traits for a number of generations with a high degree of reliability.Π Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π‘ΠΠ. Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΠΠ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ. Π ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.
ΠΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ
The leading element in breeding programs for breeding and improving the breeds of dairy cattle in highly developed countries is reproduction of high-quality producing bulls. The paper presents the results of producing bulls breeding when creating Belarusian black-and-white breed of dairy cattle, techniques and methods of obtaining improving bulls when improving the Holsteinized dairy cattle of the republic at the present stage. It is shown that historically evolution of the breeding process of reproduction of domestic black-and-white bulls is based on imported breeding material from different countries (bulls, semen, heifers). Analysis of solution to the problem of using imported animals is presented. Periods of creating a breeding base for reproduction of imported material have been determined, methodological approaches and possibilities of breeding domestic producing bulls in the republic have been specified. Efficiency of breeding business for introduction of modern methods and techniques for assessing and reproduction of high quality breeding animals has been revealed. The periods of breeding process for reproduction of domestic producing bulls have been chronologically distinguished, including three stages: the first 1930-1990, the second 1990-2000, the third 2000 to the present. Substantiation of these time stages is based on the results of breeding activities carried out by scientists and breeders of the republic, and the social and economic conditions of those periods. Analysis of the created breeding base for reproduction of imported material has been carried out, including both breeding stock of breeding plants for parental forms breeding, as well as state breeding enterprises for rearing, evaluating and using the producing bulls. Normative legal documents developed by specialists of state services, scientists of the Belarusian Research Institute for Animal Breeding for the scheduled formation of the breeding base of dairy cattle in the republic have been indicated. The research results will make it possible to develop a concept for reproduction of highly valuable domestic improving bulls in terms of breeding for formation of Belarusian Holstein dairy cattle meeting modern production technology requirements in the context of intensification of the industry based on increase in the role of genetic factors.Β Π ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ (Π±ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ). ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π₯ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°: ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ β 1930β1990 Π³Π³., Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ β 1990β2000 Π³Π³. ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ β Ρ 2000 Π³. ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±, ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° 2016β2020 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Β«Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Β»
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ F1
Production of highly efficient parental forms LΓ§Y and YΓ§L will be arranged for the first time in the Republic of Belarus, corresponding to world standards in terms of development and performance. Arrangement of own production of high-value animals will allow to ensure import substitution via industrial production and reduce import costs. The paper presents the results of comprehensive assessment of the initial genotypes of pigs with high adaptive capacity for accelerated creation of new final parental forms to be used in industrial pig breeding. Biochemical tests of blood of Landrace and Yorkshire breed of animals during their adaptation were analyzed. The reproductive ability of Landrace and Yorkshire boars has been evaluated. The patterns of inheritance of quantitative traits of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs performance were determined according to set of molecular genetic markers (RYR1, ESR and PRLR), which allow predicting their performance with high reliability degree. Animals were identified with preferred genotypes RYR1NN (100β
%), ESRBB (12.7-30.0β
%), PRLRΠΠ (4.9- 47.5β
%) associated with higher performance. Superiority of pigs was determined with genotypes ESRBB, PRLRΠΠ in terms of multiple pregnancy and milk performance over animals of other genotypes by 7.8-9.3 and 9.0-13.2β
%; 5.9-20.4 and 10.0- 21.0β
%, respectively. Creation of breeding herds of highly productive animals, ensuring production of hybrid parental pig with the required breeding and genetic parameters of productivity based on new biotechnological techniques and methods, ensuring selection of valuable breeding material and, therefore, the maximum effect of breeding, will promote increase of competitiveness of domestic pig breeding. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out as part of the State Research and Development Program βHigh Technologies and Engineeringβ for 2016-2020, subprogram 1 βInnovative Biotechnologies - 2020β.ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π² Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΓ§Π ΠΈ ΠΓ§Π, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡ
Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² (RYR1, ESR ΠΈ PRLR), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ RYR1NN (100 %), ESRBB (12,7β30,0 %), PRLRΠΠ (4,9β47,5 %), Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ESRBB, PRLRΠΠ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π½Π° 7,8β9,3 ΠΈ 9,0β13,2 %; 5,9β20,4 ΠΈ 10,0β21,0 % ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ Β«ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Β» Π½Π° 2016β2020 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° 1 Β«ΠΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ β 2020Β»
ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ
Six pig breeds: Belarusian large white, Belarusian meat, Belarusian black and white, landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc are involved in breeding and hydridization of pig breeding in Belarus. More than 85 % of pigs supplied to meat processing plants of the Republic are provided by different combinations of interbreed hydridization.For the effective development of this branch in the Republic, the Scientific-Practical Center on Animal Husbandry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus organized the system of selection and breeding work in pig breeding directed to create new competitive breeds, types, and hydrides of pigs adapted to the industrial production conditions and not inferior to the productivity of the analogs of the world selection.The main link of this system is the first-order breeding plants (nucleus units) as new-type plants dealing with the selection and breeding of the best animals with the outstanding genetically conditioned breeding and productive qualities. The second link of this system is the first-order breeding breeders that are completed with high-valuable breeding pigs from the leading nucleus unit and are engaged in their reproduction to obtain grandparents (GP).Assessing the level of the technological development of pig breeding in Belarus during the period to the 2030 year, we predicted the indices for the all predictable years (2020β2030). The existing level of the technological development of the pig breeding branch is assessed as the mean one. During 2020β2021 the pig breeding level will be moderate-high, during 2022β 2023 β high, and since 2025β2030 β intensive.. Π ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ: Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π°Ρ Π±Π΅Π»Π°Ρ, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ, Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΉΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 85 % ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π Π£Π Β«ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΡΒ» ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° (Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡ) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Β«Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ°Β» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ GP (ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ). ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎ 2030 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ (2020β2030 Π³Π³.) Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π 2020β2021 Π³Π³. Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π² 2022β2023 Π³Π³. β Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π° Ρ 2025β2030 Π³Π³. β Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ
Catalog of Galactic Beta Cephei Stars
We present an extensive and up-to-date catalog of Galactic Beta Cephei stars.
This catalog is intended to give a comprehensive overview of observational
characteristics of all known Beta Cephei stars. 93 stars could be confirmed to
be Beta Cephei stars. For some stars we re-analyzed published data or conducted
our own analyses. 61 stars were rejected from the final Beta Cephei list, and
77 stars are suspected to be Beta Cephei stars. A list of critically selected
pulsation frequencies for confirmed Beta Cephei stars is also presented. We
analyze the Beta Cephei stars as a group, such as the distributions of their
spectral types, projected rotational velocities, radial velocities, pulsation
periods, and Galactic coordinates. We confirm that the majority of these stars
are multiperiodic pulsators. We show that, besides two exceptions, the Beta
Cephei stars with high pulsation amplitudes are slow rotators. We construct a
theoretical HR diagram that suggests that almost all 93 Beta Cephei stars are
MS objects. We discuss the observational boundaries of Beta Cephei pulsation
and their physical parameters. We corroborate that the excited pulsation modes
are near to the radial fundamental mode in frequency and we show that the mass
distribution of the stars peaks at 12 solar masses. We point out that the
theoretical instability strip of the Beta Cephei stars is filled neither at the
cool nor at the hot end and attempt to explain this observation