Interaction of hydrogen with impurities in group IVB metals

The energetics of hydrogen bonding with Group IVB metals and the interaction of hydrogen with impurities of 3d-transition and simple metals (Al, Ga, Si, Ge) have been investigated using the projector-augmented-wave (PAW) method within the framework of the density functional theory (DFT). It has been found that the solubility of hydrogen in Ti, Zr, and Hf increases upon their alloying with metals located in the middle of the 3d period. The relationship between the interaction energy of hydrogen with impurities, the lattice distortions, and the electronic structure of the studied systems has been analyzed. It has been shown that impurities do not affect the preferred hydrogen sorption positions in titanium but can change these positions in zirconium and hafnium. The influence of impurities and hydrogen on the electronic structure of metals has been examined. The obtained results have demonstrated that, in the studied metals, the interactions of hydrogen with impurities of 3d-transition and simple metals are determined by different mechanisms: the attraction of hydrogen by transition metal impurities is caused by the size effect, whereas the repulsion of hydrogen by simple metals can be associated with the electronic factors

Socio-Psychological Factors Influencing Procreative Behaviour: Results of an All-Russian Sociological Survey

The article analyses the results of a sociological survey concerning the influence of certain socio-psychological factors on the decision-making process of Russian women to give birth to a/another child. The survey was conducted by the author in all federal districts of the Russian Federation in 2021. It was determined that socio-psychological factors of close-knit family, love between spouses and psychological readiness to have a child have a strong influence on procreative behaviour; the grandparents’ willingness to provide assistance looking after the child/children has a medium impact. It was also revealed that the ideal number of children in the family according to the respondents cannot ensure the simple population reproduction in the country.Статья посвящена анализу результатов проведенного автором социологического исследования по влиянию некоторых социально-психологических факторов на процесс принятия решения российскими женщинами родить (еще одного) ребенка. Опрос проводился во всех федеральных округах Российской Федерации в 2021 г. Определено, что социально-психологические факторы крепости семьи, любви между супругами и психологической готовности иметь ребенка оказывают сильное влияние на прокреативное поведение; готовность бабушек и дедушек помогать «сидеть» с ребенком / детьми оказывает среднее влияние. Также выявлено, что идеальное в понимании респонденток число детей в семье не может обеспечить простое воспроизводство населения в стране.Публикация подготовлена в рамках выполнения НИР по госзаданию Института экономики УрО РАН на 2021–2023 гг. № 0327-2021-0011 «Институциональные модели и факторы социальной и экономической адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию»

Organizational and managerial solutions for online (distance) interaction in the educational process at the school

Introduction. The digitalization of education in the context of a pandemic served as an important factor in the transformation of traditional forms of communication, transferring all the variety of interactions between participants in educational relations into a distance format. In a situation of variability and uncertainty, the problem of finding effective organizational and managerial solutions to fulfill the tasks facing the school with the use of modern distant technologies has become keener. Research methods. To identify organizational and managerial decisions, to assess their effectiveness, a set of methods was used: Questioning of teachers based on the research of Heldt, Lorenz and Eickelmann; statistical methods in the analysis of personal data (mean, standard deviation), a method for comparing the design of distant interaction between educational institutions in Russia and Germany. Results. Organizational and managerial solutions have been identified that ensured effective communication in solving the problems of the gymnasium in a distant format; it was found that the effectiveness of remote work is provided by a set of management decisions aimed at providing different types of support - technical, pedagogical, organizational; substantiated that the development and adoption of a media concept, regulations, instructions, recommendations for the organization and implementation of digital communication, the creation of unified media channels in the interaction systems "students - teacher", "parent - teacher", "teacher - school administration", "parent - school administration", the participation of teachers in advanced training programs in aggregate ensured the solution of a complex of problems in the context of an aggravated epidemiological situation and in order to preserve health; defined the forms of corporate digital dialogue: Exchange of effective communication practices, a system of support and mutual assistance, mutual training. © 2020 LLC Ecological Help. All rights reserved

The didactic construct of design technologies in the educational process of modern university

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. The relevance of the problem of arranging the educational process in modern university using design technology remains one of the most demanded in educating the future experts for modern production. Therefore, the objective of this article is to submit a scientific rationale for the didactic construct of design technologies in higher educational process as a productive educational model focused on educating a student's personality - a future professional demanded by today's job market. The paper submits theoretic and methodological foundations for designing and implementing project technologies into the university educational process, the nature and structure of the didactic construct of these technologies as a system category (the learning objectives, syllabus, the means of pedagogical partnership including motivation and teaching tools, arrangement of the educational process, the subjects of the learning process, the results of the activity and the level of professional proficiency). The article submissions may be useful for the teachers of educational institutions in the system of continuing professional education, young scientists, post graduate students, the university counselors, the attendants of the advanced training and retraining courses. It is also recommended for undergraduates and students participating in the research work

Ferromagnetic HfO2/Si/GaAs interface for spin-polarimetry applications

In this letter, we present electrical and magnetic characteristics of HfO2-based metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs), along with the effect of pseudomorphic Si as a passivating interlayer on GaAs(001) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Ultrathin HfO2 high-k gate dielectric films (3–15 nm) have been grown on Si/GaAs(001) structures through evaporation of a Hf/HfO2 target in NO2 gas. The lowest interface states density Dit at Au/HfO2/Si/GaAs(001) MOS-structures were obtained in the range of (6−13)×101

Radiocarbon Chronology of the Burial Ground near the village of Syezzheye

The paper deals with absolute radiocarbon chronology of the burial ground near the village of Syezzheye that was established during long-term archaeological investigations. This burial ground is interesting not only for the study of Eneolithic of forest zone in the Volga River region but also for the entire Mariupol historical and cultural area. This publication is timed to 50 years since discovery of this site in 1973 and anniversaries of archaeologists G.I. Matveyeva and I.B. Vasilyev. The most difficult aspects of this burial ground study are determination of its homogeneity and reliable chronological framework because of lack of inventory at some burials. To determine the chronology of burial grounds, several radiocarbon dates on organics from ceramics had been obtained. These dates gave two chronological intervals: the first interval is the second half of the VI millennium BC and the second one is the first half of the V millennium BC. After that the radiocarbon dates of 6520±30 ВР and 5925±25 ВР on the human bones from two burials were obtained that confirmed earlier determined dates. The repeated radiocarbon analysis of three ceramic samples confirmed just second interval of the first half of the V millennium BC. In 2022 three AMS dates were obtained in the Lab of IAE SB RAS. The bone artifact from burial 10 was dated to the Mesolithic. The bone harpoon from the sacrificial zone was dated to the same age as the “collar” pottery of the Eneolithic (4900–4800 calBC). The chronological framework of the Eneolithic complex of burial ground near the village of Syezzheye coincides with the absolute dates of the Caspian culture

Quasiparticle dynamics in ferromagnetic compounds of the Co-Fe and Ni-Fe systems

We report a theoretical study of the quasiparticle lifetime and the quasiparticle mean free path caused by inelastic electron-electron scattering in ferromagnetic compounds of the Co-Fe and Ni-Fe systems. The study is based on spin-polarized calculations, which are performed within the $GW$ approximation for equiatomic and Co- and Ni-rich compounds, as well as for their constituents. We mainly focus on the spin asymmetry of the quasiparticle properties, which leads to the spin-filtering effect experimentally observed in spin-dependent transport of hot electrons and holes in the systems under study. By comparing with available experimental data on the attenuation length, we estimate the contribution of the inelastic mean free path to the latter.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure

Палеоэкологическая характеристика побережья Баренцева моря в позднем голоцене на примере полуострова Средний

We received results of complex palaeoecological research at south-west Barents Sea coast. In Periayarvi 1 settlement (Sredniy Peninsula) discovered by V. Ya. Shumkin in 1994, archeological excavations of two house-structures were performed. We sampled the sequence in the house-structure 16 date to the Early Metal Age and we studied it with archaeological, palynological, geochemical and radiocarbon methods. The sequence in the house-structure 16 settlement include sand layers in the bottom, the upper part consists of slightly decomposed peat. The radiocarbon data obtained from the charcoal sample from the fireplace in the middle of the house-structure is 2920±70 C14 BP, which correlates with result of pollen analysis. According ac to pollen data, the sequence formation started at the first half of the Subboreal period during the spread of tundra vegetation and then vegetation changed to forest tundra while the climate was getting more comfortable for humans. At the Subatlantic period tundra recovers because of temperature drop. The landscape is getting similar to the modern one. According geochemical indications main functional zones of house-structure were distinguished, and that provides necessary information about main characteristics of living conditions. The complex of methods allows to date Periayarvi 1 settlement to the Early Metal Age. In the results we made reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions in the Late Holocene at the Barents Sea coast.Получены результаты комплексных палеоэкологических исследований на юго-западном побережье Баренцева моря. На поселении Перяярви 1 (полуостров Средний), открытом В.Я. Шумкиным в 1994 г., проведены археологические раскопки двух жилищ. Разрез одного из жилищ эпохи раннего металла изучен с помощью археологического, палинологического, геохимического и радиоуглеродного методов, на основании чего проведена реконструкция природных условий в позднем голоцене на побережье Баренцева моря