16,747 research outputs found
Optical properties of the charge-density-wave polychalcogenide compounds Te (=Nd, Sm and Gd)
We investigate the rare-earth polychalcogenide Te (=Nd, Sm and
Gd) charge-density-wave (CDW) compounds by optical methods. From the absorption
spectrum we extract the excitation energy of the CDW gap and estimate the
fraction of the Fermi surface which is gapped by the formation of the CDW
condensate. In analogy to previous findings on the related Te (n=2 and
3) families, we establish the progressive closing of the CDW gap and the
moderate enhancement of the metallic component upon chemically compressing the
lattice
A supermassive binary black hole with triple disks
Hierarchical structure formation inevitably leads to the formation of
supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) with a sub-parsec separation in galactic
nuclei. However, to date there has been no unambiguous detection of such
systems. In an effort to search for potential observational signatures of
supermassive BBHs, we performed high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamics
(SPH) simulations of two black holes in a binary of moderate eccentricity
surrounded by a circumbinary disk. Building on our previous work, which has
shown that gas can periodically transfer from the circumbinary disk to the
black holes when the binary is on an eccentric orbit, the current set of
simulations focuses on the formation of the individual accretion disks, their
evolution and mutual interaction, and the predicted radiative signature. The
variation in mass transfer with orbital phase from the circumbinary disk
induces periodic variations in the light curve of the two accretion disks at
ultraviolet wavelengths, but not in the optical or near-infrared. Searches for
this signal offer a promising method to detect supermassive BBHs.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 16 pages, 11
figures. High Resolution Version is Available at
http://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~kimitake/bbhs.htm
Resonant pairing between Fermions with unequal masses
We study the pairing between Fermions of different masses, especially at the
unitary limit. At equal populations, the thermodynamic properties are identical
with the equal mass case provided an appropriate rescaling is made. At unequal
populations, for sufficiently light majority species, the system does not phase
separate. For sufficiently heavy majority species, the phase separated normal
phase have a density larger than that of the superfluid. For atoms in harmonic
traps, the density profiles for unequal mass Fermions can be drastically
different from their equal-mass counterparts.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Superfluid stability in BEC-BCS crossover
We consider a dilute atomic gas of two species of fermions with unequal
concentrations under a Feshbach resonance. We find that the system can have
distinct properties due to the unbound fermions. The uniform state is stable
only when either (a) beyond a critical coupling strength, where it is a gapless
superfluid, or (b) when the coupling strength is sufficiently weak, where it is
a normal Fermi gas mixture. Phase transition(s) must therefore occur when the
resonance is crossed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Gastroprotective effects of Leejung-tang, an oriental traditional herbal formula, on ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats
Leejung-tang (LJT, Rechu-to in Japanese and Lizhong-tang in Chinese) is an oriental traditional traditional herbal formula. LJT has been used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Korea, Japan, and China for a long time. In present study, we investigated the protective effects of LJT against absolute ethanol induced gastric injuries. Rats in the control groupwere given PBS orally (5 mL/kg body weight) as the vehicle, and the absolute-ethanol group (EtOH group) received absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg body weight) by oral gavage. Rats in the positive control group were given omeprazole orally (50 mg/kg body weight) 2 h prior to the administration of absolute ethanol. The treatment groups received LJT (400 mg/kg body weight) 2 h prior to absolute ethanol administration. All rats were sacrificed 1 h after receiving the ethanol treatment. The stomach was excised for macroscopic examination and biochemical analysis. The administration of LJT protected gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury, including hemorrhage and hyperemia. LJT reduced the increase in lipidperoxidation in ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions. LJT increased GSH content and activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. These results indicate that LJT protects gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury by increasing their antioxidant content. We suggest that LJT can be developed as an effective drug for the treatment of acute gastric injury
Optical properties of the charge-density-wave polychalcogenide compounds R 2Te 5 (R=Nd, Sm and Gd)
Abstract.: We investigate the rare-earth polychalcogenide R2Te5 (R=Nd, Sm and Gd) charge-density-wave (CDW) compounds by optical reflectivity measurements. We obtain the optical conductivity through Kramers-Kronig transformation of the reflectivity spectra. From the real part of the optical conductivity we then extract the excitation energy of the CDW gap and estimate the fraction of the Fermi surface which is gapped by the formation of the CDW condensate. In analogy to previous findings on the related RTen (n=2 and 3) families, we establish the progressive closing of the CDW gap and the moderate enhancement of the metallic component upon chemically compressing the lattic
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