The quality of education of teachers-engineers in the republic of belarus

The system of quality management of education of teachers-engineers on the basis of the environmental approach is consideredРассматривается система управления качеством образования педагогов-инженеров на основе средового подход

ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS BASED ON ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT

Рассматривается организация образовательного процесса в техническом университете с опорой на адаптивное управлениеWe consider the organization of the educational process a technical university with the support of adaptive managemen

STRUCTURE AND CONTENT ENGINEERING AND PEDAGOGICAL PERSONNEL TRAINING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

Рассматривается двухступенчатая система подготовки инженерно-педагогических для учреждений профессионально-технического и среднего специального образования в Республике БеларусьWe consider a two-stage system of engineering and pedagogical training for institutions of vocational and secondary special education in the Republic of Belaru

Socio-Cultural Factor in the Training of a Teacher-Engineer

Рассматриваются аспекты социокультурной сферы в образовательном процессе подготовки педагога-инженера; обобщаются пути социокультурного развития будущего специалиста.The aspects of the socio-cultural sphere in the educational process of teacher-engineer training are considered; the ways of socio-cultural development of the future specialist are summarized

Education of Modern Specialist as a Pedagogical Category

В статье рассматриваются составляющие понятия «образованность» в отношении современного специалиста; анализируются социальные характеристики и возможности образовательной практики.The article discusses the components of the concept of «education» in relation to a modern specialist; social characteristics and possibilities of educational practice are analyzed

РАЗРАБОТКА ПРОГРАММНОГО МОДУЛЯ ДЛЯ РАСЧEТА СКОРОСТИ ОСАЖДЕНИЯ ТИТАНОВОЙ ПЛАЗМЫ В СРЕДЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА

The program module has been developed on the basis of package of applied MATLAB programs which allows to calculate speed of coating sedimentation over the section of plasma stream taking into account magnetic field influence of a stabilizing coil, and also to correct the obtained value of sedimentation speed depending on the value of negative accelerating potential, arch current, technological gas pressure. The program resolves visualization of calculation results.Разработан программный модуль на базе пакета прикладных программ MATLAB, который позволяет рассчитать скорость осаждения покрытий по сечению плазменного потока с учетом влияния магнитного поля стабилизирующей катушки, а также скорректировать полученную величину скорости осаждения в зависимости от значения отрицательного ускоряющего потенциала, тока дуги, давления технологического газа. Программа разрешает визуализацию результатов расчетов

Associations of CYP2D6, ABCB1 2677G>T/A and 3435C>T with effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy for acute psychotic episodes in adolescents over 28 days

Introduction. Pharmacokinetic genetic factors are prognostically relevant when prescribing antipsychotics to adult patients. Currently, there is a dearth of research on adolescents with an acute psychotic episode. Aim. To identify possible associations of CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5 and ABCB1 gene polymorphic variants with the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode within 28 days. Materials and methods. The study included 68 adolescents with an established diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder at the time of admission (F23.0-9 according to ICD- 10). All patients received an antipsychotic as their main therapy. Patients were monitored for 28 days. The effectiveness of antipsychotics was assessed using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I). The safety of pharmacotherapy was assessed using the UKU Side Effects Rating Scale (UKU SERS), Sympson-Angus Scale (SAS), Barnes Akathisia rating scale (BARS). From each patient we obtained a buccal scraped epithelium, extracted DNA from it by sorbent method and detected carriage of genetic polymorphisms CYP3A4*22 (rs2740574), CYP3A5*3 (6986A>G, rs776746), CYP2D6*4, *9, *10 (rs3892097, rs4986774, rs1065852), ABCB1 1236C>T (rs1128503), 2677G>T/A (rs2032582), 3435C>T (rs1045642) by real-time PCR. Results. Carriers of ABCB1 2677G>T/A significantly less frequently demonstrated response to pharmacotherapy according to PANSS scale on day 14 compared to GG homozygotes (64.6 % vs. 94.7 %; p=0.014). Carriers of the ABCB1 3435C>T differed by a higher total UKU SERS score on day 14 compared to CC genotype carriers (9.21±5.95 vs. 5.1±4.48; p=0.037). Patients with «intermediate» CYP2D6 metabolism were more likely to have reduced sleep duration (13.6 % vs. 0 %; p=0.031). ABCB1 2677G>T/A (51 % vs. 15.8 %; p=0.012) and 3435C>T (46.6 % vs. 10 %; p=0.039) were more frequently associated with dry mouth. ABCB1 3435C>T carriers were also more likely to have orthostatic vertigo (34.5 % vs. 0 %; p=0.028). Conclusion. Carriage of the ABCB1 3435C>T was associated with greater efficacy of pharmacotherapy for acute psychotic episode in adolescents after 28 days, but also increases the risk of adverse reactions in the first 2 weeks of treatment. The ABCB1 2677G>T/A was associated with an increased risk of adverse reactions as well as less reduction of psychotic symptoms on day 14 of pharmacotherapy

Analysis of associations between pharmacodynamic genetic factors and antipsychotics’ effectiveness and safety in adolescents with acute psychotic episodes taking antipsychotics during a 28-day follow-up

Introduction. Antipsychotics are the main drugs for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Pharmacodynamic genetic factors are being actively studied to improve the accuracy of antipsychotic selection based on pharmacogenetic testing. Purpose of this study: to establish associations of genetic polymorphisms of the DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, HTR2A, COMT, ZNF804A, and ANKS1B genes with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode during a 28-day follow-up. Materials and methods. The study included 68 adolescents with an established diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder at the time of admission (F23.0-9 according to ICD-10). All patients received an antipsychotic as their main therapy. Patients were monitored for 28 days. The effectiveness of antipsychotics was assessed using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I). The safety of pharmacotherapy was assessed using the UKU Side Effects Rating Scale (UKU SERS), Sympson-Angus Scale (SAS), Barnes Akathisia rating scale (BARS). From each patient we obtained a buccal scraped epithelium, extracted DNA from it by sorbent method and detected carriage of genetic polymorphisms DRD2 rs1800497 (C>T), DRD3 rs6280 (C>T), DRD3 rs324026 (C>T), DRD4 rs1800955 (C>T), HTR2A rs6313 (T>C), COMT rs4680 (Val158Met, G>A), ZNF804A rs1344706 (A>C), ANKS1B rs7968606 (C>T) by real-time PCR. Results. DRD2 rs1800497 T allele carriers had a stronger reduction in the PANSS subscore «Productive Symptomatics» on day 14 (Me=-7.0 [-9.0;-5.0] vs Me=-7.0 [-8.0;-2.0]; p=0.018) and day 28 of follow-up (Me=-11.0 [-9.0;-5.5] vs Me=-8.0 [-8.0;-2.0]; p=0.019). Also, greater improvement on the CGAS scale on day 14 of follow-up was seen in TC+CC HTR2A rs6313 carriers (Me=2.0 [1.0;3.0] vs. Me=2.0 [1.0;2.0]; p=0.029). DRD3 rs324026 homozygous carriers (TT) had a significantly lower SAS score (Me=0.5 [0.0; 1.0] vs. Me=1.0 [0.0; 5.0]; p=0.016) and UKU subscore «Neurological Disorders» on 28 days of antipsychotic therapy (Me=0.0 [0.0; 0.0] vs. Me=1.0 [0.0; 3.8]; p=0.005). DRD3 rs324026 TT carriers also had lower severity of akathisia according to the BARS scale. Carriers of the T DRD4 rs1800955 allele had a higher SAS scale score on day 28 of therapy compared with CC homozygotes (Me=1.0 [0.0;4.0] vs Me=0.0 [0.0;1.0]; p=0.036). Conclusion. The DRD2 rs1800497 was a predictor of better reduction of productive symptoms; HTR2A rs6313 demonstrated a similar association. The DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphic variant was a predictor of better reduction of productive symptomatology; HTR2A rs6313 demonstrated a similar association. DRD3 rs324026 and HTR2A rs6313 were associated with a lower frequency of neurological adverse reactions and akathisia. In contrast, carriers of the DRD4 rs1800955 were more prone to adverse reactions on pharmacotherapy

Случай тяжелого осложненного течения острой дизентерии у беременной

No doubts that shigellosis severity directly depends on the spread of the gut specific lesion. There are some data published on the basis of autopsy records and pointing to shigella caused lesion spreading both to colon and ileum in adult cases especially in those older than 60 y.o. or with any immunosuppressive premorbid background. Obviously, the gut mucosa condition determines the local resistance potential and moreover it's shown that in shigellosis cases, the histologic pattern of gut mucosa depends on quantity and quality of neutrophils, extremely important to control the intensity of agent invasion. Viral infections with concomitant neutropenia are commonly considered as immune suppressive conditions. As to Herpes virus infection, it's well known as the large mucosa lesion disease that can subsequently lead to aggravation of any forthcoming acute bacterial infection. The paper suggests the description of shigellosis case confirmed with the use of PCR test (PCR kit Amplisens All-bacto-screen-FL Lab, Interlabservice) and developed by young woman with unfavorable premorbid condition. The disease course turned to be severe and complicated by the peritonitis development. The aggravating factors in the proposed case were likely such immune modulating concurrent conditions as Herpes virus infection and pregnancy. The clinical example demonstrates that young people can develop severe complicated shigellosis course given burdened premorbid background availability.Известно, что тяжесть течения шигеллеза коррелирует с распространенностью специфического поражения кишечника. Опубликованы данные о том, что результаты исследования кишечника взрослых пациентов, умерших от шигеллеза, выявляют патоморфологические признаки шигеллезного поражения, захватывающего как толстую, так и подвздошную кишку. Такое течение заболевания описано преимущественно у лиц пожилого возраста или лиц с неблагоприятным преморбидным фоном. Исходное состояние слизистой кишечника предопределяет полноценность функционирования региональной системы резистентности, а гистологическая картина при шигеллезе, кроме того, не в последнюю очередь обусловлена как количественной, так и функциональной характеристиками нейтрофилов, которые важны для контроля степени инвазии шигелл. Вирусные инфекции с развивающейся нейтропенией относят, как известно, к иммуносупрессивным состояниям. Herpes-вирусные заболевания, кроме того, еще могут поражать слизистые оболочки всего организма, что закономерно утяжеляет течение развивающейся на этом фоне последующей острой бактериальной инфекции. Приведен случай развития острого шигеллеза на неблагоприятном преморбидном фоне у пациентки молодого возраста. Верификация диагноза реализована с помощью молекулярно-биологического метода (PCR kit Amplisens All-bacto-screen-FL Lab, Interlabservice). Заболевание имело тяжелое течение и осложнилось пропотным перитонитом. В представленном случае в качестве отягощающих течение шигеллеза факторов существенное значение, вероятно, имели такие состояния, сопровождаемые иммуномодуляцией, как незавершенная Herpes-вирусная инфекция и беременность. Таким образом, приведенное клиническое наблюдение демонстрирует возможность тяжелого осложненного течения шигеллезной инфекции у лиц молодого возраста при наличии неблагоприятного преморбидного фона

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИММУНОЦИТОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ФЕНОТИПИРОВАНИЯ КЛЕТОК ЦЕРЕБРОСПИНАЛЬНОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ ПРИ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ ГНОЙНЫХ МЕНИНГИТАХ У ДЕТЕЙ

Comparative dynamic clinical and immunomorphological researches of children’s cerebrospinal fluid were made during bacterial purulent meningitis (caused by Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza). Regularities connected with presence of CD3 lymphocytes were discovered. They depended on etiology and phase of disease. Children with meningococcal meningitis, pneumococcal meningitis or hemophilic meningitis had different levels of CD3 lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid while different phases of disease.Проведено сравнительное динамическое клинико-иммуноморфологическое исследование цереброспинальной жидкости у детей, больных бактериальными гнойными менингитами менингококковой, гемофильной и пневмококковой этиологии. Выявлены закономерности относительного содержания CD3-позитивных лимфоцитов в составе клеточного экссудата цереброспинальной жидкости в зависимости от этиологии как в дебюте заболевания, так и при ее санировании. Показан разный уровень содержания CD3-позитивных лимфоцитов в цереброспинальной жидкости у детей, больных гнойными бактериальными менингитами менингококковой, гемофильной и пневмококковой этиологии как в дебюте заболевания, так и в периоде ранней реконвалесценции